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The Duchess Anna Amalia Library (German: Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek) in Weimar, Germany, houses a major collection of German literature and historical documents. In 1991, the tricentennial of its opening to the public, the Ducal Library was renamed for Duchess Anna Amalia. Today, the library is a public research library for literature and art history. The main focus is German literature from the Classical and the late Romantic eras. The library was inscribed on the UNESCOWorld Heritage List as part of the Classical Weimar site because of its testimony to the global cultural importance of Weimar during the late 18th and early 19th centuries during the Weimar Classicism movement.[1][2]
The research library today[clarification needed] has approximately 850,000 volumes with collection emphasis on the German literature. Among its special collections is an important Shakespeare collection of approximately 10,000 volumes, as well as a 16th-century Bible connected to Martin Luther.[3][4][5][6]
Building
The main building is the Green Castle (Grünes Schloss), which had been built between 1562 and 1565. The architect was Nikolaus Gromann.
In 2001, construction began on a new multiple-floor facility to house some 1,000,000 books under the "Square of Democracy" (Platz der Demokratie) between the Music University and the Red and Yellow Castle. In its pre-renovation state, the building had structural flaws which endangered many valuable books and the special collections.
The new development is estimated to have cost €24 million and has an area of 6,300 m². The area is divided into upper and lower floors. The new building would connect the historical library building with the user areas of the reconstructed Red and Yellow Castle. The grand opening of the new complex is slated for February 2005.
History
Anna Amalia, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, had the building converted into a library in 1761,[7] and in 1766 arranged for the courtly (hoefische) book collection to be moved into the library.[6] The Duchess, seeking a tutor for her son Duke Carl August, hired Christoph Martin Wieland, an important poet and noted translator of William Shakespeare. Wieland's Shakespeare volumes formed the core of the collection.
From an architectural standpoint, the library is world-famous for its oval Rococo hall featuring a portrait of Grand Duke Carl August.
Work on the Extension, June 2002
One of the library's most famous patrons was Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who worked there from 1797 to 1832.[7][5] The library also includes the world's largest Faust collection. The Duchess's significant 13,000-volume music collection is also available in the library.
Fire of 2004
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(September 2018)
The Library burning
The damage next day
Part of the collection was burned in a fire on 2 September 2004, which destroyed 50,000 volumes[2][4][7][8][6] of which 12,500 are considered irreplaceable. Another 62,000 volumes were severely damaged.[6] However, some 6,000 historical works were saved, including the 1534 Luther Bible and a collection of Alexander von Humboldt's papers, by being passed from hand to hand out of the building.[9] Some 28,000 books in the building were rescued and so not affected by the fire.[9] Other items, like Friedrich Schiller's death mask, suffered damage too, and 35 historic oil paintings were destroyed.[9][6]
The fire came as a particular tragedy, in part because the collection was scheduled to move to another site in late October, little more than a month later. Some of the damaged books are being freeze-dried in Leipzig to save them from rotting as a result of water damage. Book restoration was scheduled to last at least until 2015.
In June 2005, it was announced that among the manuscripts that were out of the building at the time of the fire, and thus saved from damage, there was a hitherto undiscovered 1713 aria by Johann Sebastian Bach entitled "Alles mit Gott und nichts ohn' ihn".
The library building was restored for $18.2 million and reopened at the end of October 2007 with some 60,000 volumes.[7][9][5] This includes the undamaged books, the first restored books and the replacement volumes obtained on the international antique book market, from other libraries, or by donation.[10] An online database lists the books the library is still seeking in order to replace volumes it lost.
References
^"Classical Weimar". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
^ abc. Weimar Kulturstadt Europas. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
^. Travel Top6. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^ ab"Weimar Germany". Britannica. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^ abc. DW. 19 October 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^ abcdeBattaglia, Nancy Frick (20 November 2017). . The Magazine Antiques. Archived from the original on 20 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^ abcd. UNESCO. 5 November 2007. Archived from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
^. Anna Amalia Bibliothek (in German). Archived from the original on 4 September 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
^ abcdKnoche, Michael (March 2005). "The Herzogin Anna Amalia Library after the Fire". IFLA Journal. 31 (1). Retrieved 24 November 2022.
^Rydell, Anders (2015). The Book Thieves: The Nazi Looting of Europe's Libraries and the Race to Return a Literary Inheritence. New York: Penguin Random House. p. 53. ISBN9780735221222.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Duchess Anna Amalia Library.
Duchess Anna Amalia Library – official site
Library Goes up in Flames, Destroying Literary Legacy at Deutsche Welle
Rare books in German library fire, BBC, 3 September 2004
German library fire burns precious books, Associated Press via nbcnews.com, 4 September 2004
Literary Treasures Lost in Fire at German Library, The New York Times, 4 September 2004
Muslim Librarians Visit Germany: The Catalogues of the Queen of Sheba, qantara.de, 29 April 2009
360° Flash-Panoramas: 2004: before the fire, 2004: after the fire
January 26, 2023
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This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Duchess Anna Amalia Library news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2017 The Duchess Anna Amalia Library German Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek in Weimar Germany houses a major collection of German literature and historical documents In 1991 the tricentennial of its opening to the public the Ducal Library was renamed for Duchess Anna Amalia Today the library is a public research library for literature and art history The main focus is German literature from the Classical and the late Romantic eras The library was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the Classical Weimar site because of its testimony to the global cultural importance of Weimar during the late 18th and early 19th centuries during the Weimar Classicism movement 1 2 Duchess Anna Amalia LibraryUNESCO World Heritage SiteLocationWeimar GermanyPart ofClassical WeimarCriteriaCultural iii vi Reference846 006Inscription1998 22nd Session Websitewww wbr klassik stiftung wbr de wbr en wbr institutions wbr herzogin anna amalia bibliothekCoordinates50 58 43 N 11 19 56 E 50 97861 N 11 33222 E 50 97861 11 33222 Coordinates 50 58 43 N 11 19 56 E 50 97861 N 11 33222 E 50 97861 11 33222 Interactive fullscreen map Duchess Anna Amalia Library WeimarLocation of Duchess Anna Amalia Library in ThuringiaShow map of ThuringiaDuchess Anna Amalia Library Germany Show map of GermanyMain building in the Green Palace Rococo hall central aisle In 2004 a fire destroyed the main wing and a substantial part of the collection 2 restoration of salvaged volumes lasted until 2015 Contents 1 Contents 2 Building 3 History 3 1 Fire of 2004 4 References 5 External linksContents EditThe library contains citation needed The reading room 1 000 000 books 2 000 medieval and early modern manuscripts 600 ancestral registers 10 000 maps 4 000 musical scoresThe research library today clarification needed has approximately 850 000 volumes with collection emphasis on the German literature Among its special collections is an important Shakespeare collection of approximately 10 000 volumes as well as a 16th century Bible connected to Martin Luther 3 4 5 6 Building EditThe main building is the Green Castle Grunes Schloss which had been built between 1562 and 1565 The architect was Nikolaus Gromann In 2001 construction began on a new multiple floor facility to house some 1 000 000 books under the Square of Democracy Platz der Demokratie between the Music University and the Red and Yellow Castle In its pre renovation state the building had structural flaws which endangered many valuable books and the special collections The new development is estimated to have cost 24 million and has an area of 6 300 m The area is divided into upper and lower floors The new building would connect the historical library building with the user areas of the reconstructed Red and Yellow Castle The grand opening of the new complex is slated for February 2005 History EditAnna Amalia Duchess of Saxe Weimar Eisenach had the building converted into a library in 1761 7 and in 1766 arranged for the courtly hoefische book collection to be moved into the library 6 The Duchess seeking a tutor for her son Duke Carl August hired Christoph Martin Wieland an important poet and noted translator of William Shakespeare Wieland s Shakespeare volumes formed the core of the collection From an architectural standpoint the library is world famous for its oval Rococo hall featuring a portrait of Grand Duke Carl August Work on the Extension June 2002 One of the library s most famous patrons was Johann Wolfgang von Goethe who worked there from 1797 to 1832 7 5 The library also includes the world s largest Faust collection The Duchess s significant 13 000 volume music collection is also available in the library Fire of 2004 Edit This section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information September 2018 The Library burning The damage next day Part of the collection was burned in a fire on 2 September 2004 which destroyed 50 000 volumes 2 4 7 8 6 of which 12 500 are considered irreplaceable Another 62 000 volumes were severely damaged 6 However some 6 000 historical works were saved including the 1534 Luther Bible and a collection of Alexander von Humboldt s papers by being passed from hand to hand out of the building 9 Some 28 000 books in the building were rescued and so not affected by the fire 9 Other items like Friedrich Schiller s death mask suffered damage too and 35 historic oil paintings were destroyed 9 6 The fire came as a particular tragedy in part because the collection was scheduled to move to another site in late October little more than a month later Some of the damaged books are being freeze dried in Leipzig to save them from rotting as a result of water damage Book restoration was scheduled to last at least until 2015 In June 2005 it was announced that among the manuscripts that were out of the building at the time of the fire and thus saved from damage there was a hitherto undiscovered 1713 aria by Johann Sebastian Bach entitled Alles mit Gott und nichts ohn ihn The library building was restored for 18 2 million and reopened at the end of October 2007 with some 60 000 volumes 7 9 5 This includes the undamaged books the first restored books and the replacement volumes obtained on the international antique book market from other libraries or by donation 10 An online database lists the books the library is still seeking in order to replace volumes it lost References Edit Classical Weimar UNESCO World Heritage Centre United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization Retrieved 29 July 2022 a b c Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek Weimar Kulturstadt Europas Archived from the original on 29 September 2020 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Duchess Anna Amalia Library Travel Top6 Archived from the original on 27 September 2020 Retrieved 24 November 2022 a b Weimar Germany Britannica Retrieved 24 November 2022 a b c A New Beginning DW 19 October 2007 Archived from the original on 10 February 2017 Retrieved 24 November 2022 a b c d e Battaglia Nancy Frick 20 November 2017 Culture and Travel A Visit to the lush Rococo Hall of the Duchess Anna Amalia Library The Magazine Antiques Archived from the original on 20 November 2017 Retrieved 24 November 2022 a b c d Anna Amalia Library re opens after extensive restoration UNESCO 5 November 2007 Archived from the original on 7 October 2022 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Hilfe fur Anna Amalia Anna Amalia Bibliothek in German Archived from the original on 4 September 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b c d Knoche Michael March 2005 The Herzogin Anna Amalia Library after the Fire IFLA Journal 31 1 Retrieved 24 November 2022 Rydell Anders 2015 The Book Thieves The Nazi Looting of Europe s Libraries and the Race to Return a Literary Inheritence New York Penguin Random House p 53 ISBN 9780735221222 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Duchess Anna Amalia Library Duchess Anna Amalia Library official site Library Goes up in Flames Destroying Literary Legacy at Deutsche Welle Rare books in German library fire BBC 3 September 2004 German library fire burns precious books Associated Press via nbcnews com 4 September 2004 Literary Treasures Lost in Fire at German Library The New York Times 4 September 2004 German Library to Reopen The New York Times 3 October 2007 Muslim Librarians Visit Germany The Catalogues of the Queen of Sheba qantara de 29 April 2009 360 Flash Panoramas 2004 before the fire 2004 after the fire Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Duchess Anna Amalia Library amp oldid 1126915447, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
