Dryocopus is a genus of large powerful woodpeckers, typically 35–45 cm in length. It has representatives in North and South America, Europe, and Asia; some South American species are endangered. It was believed to be closely related to the American genus Campephilus, but it is part of a different lineage of woodpeckers altogether (Benz et al., 2006)
Their breeding habitat is forested areas with large trees, where they nest in a large cavity in a dead tree or a dead part of a tree. They may excavate a new hole each year, creating habitat for other large cavity nesting birds. They are non-migratory permanent residents.
They are mainly black in plumage with red on the crown of the head, often as a crest. Most species also have some white areas of plumage, especially on the head, and some have additional red facial markings. The male, female and juvenile plumages of each species usually differ, often in the extent of red on the crown and elsewhere on the head. The flight is strong and direct, and the calls are typically loud wild laughs. The drumming of these large birds can be heard from a great distance.
Dryocopus woodpeckers chip out large holes with their strong bills while searching out insects, especially beetle larvae in trees. They will also take fruits, berries, and nuts.
Taxonomyedit
The genus Dryocopus was introduced by the German naturalist Friedrich Boie in 1826.[3] The name is from the Ancient Greek word for a woodpecker druokopos combining druos "tree" and kopos "beating".[4] The genus forms part of the woodpecker subfamilyPicinae and has a sister relationship to the genus Mulleripicus whose species are found in South and Southeast Asia. The genus Dryocopus is a member of the tribe Picini and belongs to a clade that contains five genera: Colaptes, Piculus, Mullerpics, Dryocopus and Celeus.[5]
^Boie, Friedrich (1826). "Generalübersicht". Isis von Oken (in German). 19. Col 977.
^Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 140. ISBN978-1-4081-2501-4.
^Shakya, S.B.; Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.M.; Sheldon, F.H. (2017). "Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 116: 182–191. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.005. PMID 28890006.
^Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Woodpeckers". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
Sourcesedit
Benz, Brett W.; Robbins, Mark B.; Peterson, A. Townsend (2006). "Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies (Aves: Picidae): Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 40 (2): 389–399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.021. PMID 16635580.
Gorman, Gerard (2004): Woodpeckers of Europe: A Study of the European Picidae. Bruce Coleman, UK. ISBN1-872842-05-4.
Gorman, Gerard (2011): The Black Woodpecker: A monograph on Dryocopus martius. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN978-84-96553-79-8.
Grimmett, Richard; Inskipp, Carol & Inskipp, Tim (1999): Birds of India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.. ISBN0-691-04910-6
May 18, 2024
dryocopus, genus, large, powerful, woodpeckers, typically, length, representatives, north, south, america, europe, asia, some, south, american, species, endangered, believed, closely, related, american, genus, campephilus, part, different, lineage, woodpeckers. Dryocopus is a genus of large powerful woodpeckers typically 35 45 cm in length It has representatives in North and South America Europe and Asia some South American species are endangered It was believed to be closely related to the American genus Campephilus but it is part of a different lineage of woodpeckers altogether Benz et al 2006 DryocopusTemporal range Pleistocene recent Pileated woodpecker Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Piciformes Family Picidae Tribe Picini Genus DryocopusF Boie 1826 Type species Picus martius 1 Linnaeus 1758 Species See text Synonyms Hylatomus 2 Their breeding habitat is forested areas with large trees where they nest in a large cavity in a dead tree or a dead part of a tree They may excavate a new hole each year creating habitat for other large cavity nesting birds They are non migratory permanent residents They are mainly black in plumage with red on the crown of the head often as a crest Most species also have some white areas of plumage especially on the head and some have additional red facial markings The male female and juvenile plumages of each species usually differ often in the extent of red on the crown and elsewhere on the head The flight is strong and direct and the calls are typically loud wild laughs The drumming of these large birds can be heard from a great distance Dryocopus woodpeckers chip out large holes with their strong bills while searching out insects especially beetle larvae in trees They will also take fruits berries and nuts Taxonomy editThe genus Dryocopus was introduced by the German naturalist Friedrich Boie in 1826 3 The name is from the Ancient Greek word for a woodpecker druokopos combining druos tree and kopos beating 4 The genus forms part of the woodpecker subfamily Picinae and has a sister relationship to the genus Mulleripicus whose species are found in South and Southeast Asia The genus Dryocopus is a member of the tribe Picini and belongs to a clade that contains five genera Colaptes Piculus Mullerpics Dryocopus and Celeus 5 The genus contains six species 6 Genus Dryocopus F Boie 1826 six species Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population Lineated woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus lineatus Linnaeus 1766 Five subspecies D l scapularis Vigors 1829 D l similis Lesson 1847 D l lineatus Linnaeus 1766 D l fuscipennis P L Sclater 1860 D l erythrops Valenciennes 1826 Mexico south to northern Argentina and Trinidad nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC Pileated woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus pileatus Linnaeus 1758 Two subspecies D p abieticola Bangs 1898 D p pileatus Linnaeus 1758 Eastern North America the Great Lakes the boreal forests of Canada and parts of the Pacific Coast nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC Black bodied woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus schulzii Cabanis 1882 Argentina Bolivia and Paraguay nbsp Size Habitat Diet NT White bellied woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus javensis Horsfield 1821 Fourteen subspecies D j javensis Horsfield 1821 D j philippinensis Steere 1890 D j cebuensis Kennedy 1987D j confusus Stresemann 1913 D j feddeni Blyth 1863 D j forresti Rothschild 1922D j hargitti Sharpe 1884 D j hodgsonii Jerdon 1840 D j mindorensis Steere 1890 D j multilunatus McGregor 1907 D j parvus Richmond 1902 D j pectoralis Tweeddale 1878 D j richardsi Tristram 1879 D j suluensis W Blasius 1890 The Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia Size Habitat Diet LC Andaman woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus hodgei Blyth 1860 The Andaman Islands in India Size Habitat Diet VU Black woodpecker nbsp Dryocopus martius Linnaeus 1758 Two subspecies D m martius Linnaeus 1758 D m khamensis Buturlin 1908 Span across the whole of Europe excluding the United Kingdom Ireland and northern Scandinavia as well as across northern Asia nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC References edit Picidae aviansystematics org The Trust for Avian Systematics Retrieved 2023 07 26 Master Lists IOC World Bird List Boie Friedrich 1826 Generalubersicht Isis von Oken in German 19 Col 977 Jobling James A 2010 The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names London Christopher Helm p 140 ISBN 978 1 4081 2501 4 Shakya S B Fuchs J Pons J M Sheldon F H 2017 Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 116 182 191 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2017 09 005 PMID 28890006 Gill Frank Donsker David eds 2018 Woodpeckers World Bird List Version 8 1 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 2 April 2018 Sources editBenz Brett W Robbins Mark B Peterson A Townsend 2006 Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies Aves Picidae Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40 2 389 399 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2006 02 021 PMID 16635580 Gorman Gerard 2004 Woodpeckers of Europe A Study of the European Picidae Bruce Coleman UK ISBN 1 872842 05 4 Gorman Gerard 2011 The Black Woodpecker A monograph on Dryocopus martius Lynx Edicions Barcelona ISBN 978 84 96553 79 8 Grimmett Richard Inskipp Carol amp Inskipp Tim 1999 Birds of India Pakistan Nepal Bangladesh Bhutan Sri Lanka and the Maldives Princeton University Press Princeton N J ISBN 0 691 04910 6 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dryocopus amp oldid 1222986150, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
