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Downtown Los Angeles

December 16, 2023

Downtown Los Angeles (DTLA) contains the central business district of Los Angeles. In addition, it contains a diverse residential area of some 85,000 people, and covers 5.84 sq mi (15.1 km2).[3] A 2013 study found that the district is home to over 500,000 jobs.[4] It is also part of Central Los Angeles.

Downtown Los Angeles
Neighborhood
Clockwise, from top: Skyline from the southwest, the Arts District, City Hall, the Jewelry District and the Financial District in 2001
Nicknames: 
"Downtown L.A.", "DTLA",[1] "Downtown"
Freeway map of the Los Angeles area showing Downtown LA
Downtown map as delineated by the Los Angeles Times
Coordinates: 34°03′N 118°15′W / 34.05°N 118.25°W / 34.05; -118.25
Country United States of America
StateCalifornia
CountyLos Angeles
CityLos Angeles
Downtown neighborhoods
List
Area
 • Total5.84 sq mi (15.1 km2)
Elevation
[2]
305 ft (93 m)
Population
 • Estimate 
(2020)
85,000

Downtown Los Angeles is divided into neighborhoods and districts, some overlapping. Most districts are named for the activities concentrated there now or historically, e.g. the Arts, Civic Center, Fashion, Banking, Theater, Toy, and Jewelry districts. It is the hub for the city's urban rail transit system plus the Pacific Surfliner and Metrolink commuter rail system for Southern California.

Banks, department stores, and movie palaces at one time drew residents and visitors of all socioeconomic classes downtown, but the area declined economically, especially after the 1950s. It remained an important center—in the Civic Center, of government business; on Bunker Hill, of banking, and along Broadway, of retail and entertainment for Hispanic Angelenos, especially immigrants. Now Downtown has been experiencing a renaissance that started in the early 2000s. The Crypto.com Arena anchors downtown's south end, and along Broadway, pre-war buildings are being restored for new uses, such as luxury condos, co-working spaces, and high-end retail.

History edit

See also: History of Los Angeles

The Tongva village of Yaanga was located in what is now downtown Los Angeles, possibly near or underneath where the Bella Union Hotel was located (now Fletcher Bowron Square).[5][6]

Spanish and Mexican era edit

Main article: Pueblo de Los Ángeles

Father Juan Crespí, a Spanish Franciscan missionary charged with exploring sites for Catholic missions in California, noted in 1769 that the region had "all the requisites for a large settlement".[7] On September 4, 1781, Los Angeles was founded by a group of settlers who trekked north from present-day Mexico. Like most urban centers in the Spanish Empire, the town grew in a grid-like street pattern around a central plaza which faced the first church. The area passed to American control in 1847,[8] and the small town grew to 11,000 by 1880,[9] The business district was centered along Main Street between the Plaza and First Street.[10][11]

Victorian-era Downtown edit

 
1894 drawing of the Victorian-era business district, now the eastern half of the Civic Center district.
 
Looking northeast on Spring Street from First Street, 1880s. Asher Hamburger's Peoples Store at the center. Towers of the Baker Block are visible in the distance.
Main article: Victorian Downtown Los Angeles

Land speculation increased in the 1880s, which saw the population of the city explode from 11,000 in 1880 to nearly 100,000 by 1896.[12] Infrastructure enhancements and the laying of a street grid eventually brought development south of the Plaza: Victorian Downtown Los Angeles in the 1800s and 1890s along Main, Spring and Broadway south to Third Street – all of which were razed to make way for today's Civic Center. After 1900, larger buildings were constructed along Broadway and Spring from Third to Ninth streets in what is now called the Historic Core.

Downtown's golden age edit

By 1920, the city's private and municipal rail lines were the most far-flung and most comprehensive in the world in mileage, even besting that of New York City. By this time, a steady influx of residents and aggressive land developers had transformed the city into a large metropolitan area, with DTLA at its center. Rail lines connected four counties with over 1,100 miles (1,800 km) of track.[13]

During the early part of the 20th century, banking institutions clustered around South Spring Street, forming the Spring Street Financial District. Sometimes referred to as the "Wall Street of the West,"[14] the district held corporate headquarters for financial institutions including Bank of America, Farmers and Merchants Bank, the Crocker National Bank, California Bank & Trust, and International Savings & Exchange Bank. The Los Angeles Stock Exchange was also located on the corridor from 1929 until 1986 before moving into a new building across the Harbor (110) Freeway.[15]

Commercial growth brought with it hotel construction—during this time period several grand hotels, the Alexandria (1906), the Rosslyn (1911), and the Biltmore (1923), were erected—and also the need for venues to entertain the growing population of Los Angeles. Broadway became the nightlife, shopping and entertainment district of the city, with over a dozen theater and movie palaces built before 1932.

Department stores, most that had grown from local dry goods businesses, moved from Spring and Main streets around Temple and 1st, to much larger stores along Broadway, including The Broadway, Hamburger's, which became May Co., Robinson's, Bullock's, Coulter's, Desmond's, Silverwoods, Harris & Frank, and the Fifth Street Store/Walker's, serving a variety of socioeconomic groups from across the city and suburbs. All but Coulter's would, in the 1920s–1950s, launch branches dotting shopping centers across a growing Southern California. Numerous specialty stores also flourished including those in the jewelry business which gave rise to the Downtown Jewelry District. Among these early jewelers included the Laykin Diamond Company (later becoming Laykin et Cie [8]) and Harry Winston & Co., both of which found their beginnings in the Hotel Alexandria at Fifth and Spring streets.

The Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal (Union Station) opened in May 1939, unifying passenger service among various local, regional, and long-distance passenger trains. It was built on a grand scale and would be one of the "last of the great railway stations" built in the United States.[citation needed]

Decline and redevelopment edit

 
Angels Flight, November 2008.

Following World War II, suburbanization, the development of the Los Angeles freeway network, and increased automobile ownership led to decreased investment downtown. Many corporate headquarters slowly dispersed to new suburbs or fell to mergers and acquisitions. As early as the 1920s once-stately Victorian mansions on Bunker Hill were dilapidated, serving as rooming houses for 20,000 working-class Angelenos.[16]

From about 1930 onward, numerous more-than-100-year-old buildings in the Plaza area were demolished to make way for street-level parking lots, the high demand for parking making this more profitable than any other options allowing preservation. The drastic loss of local downtown residents further reduced the viability of streetfront, pedestrian-oriented businesses. For middle- and upper-income Angelenos, downtown became a drive-in, drive-out destination.[citation needed]

In an effort to combat blight and lure businesses back downtown, the city's Community Redevelopment Agency undertook the Bunker Hill Redevelopment Project in 1955, a massive clearance project that leveled homes and cleared land for future commercial skyscraper development. This period saw the clearing and upzoning of the entire neighborhood, as well as the shuttering of the Angels Flight funicular railway in 1969. Angels Flight resumed operation in 1996 for a period of five years, shutting down once again after a fatal accident in 2001. On March 15, 2010, the railway once again opened for passenger service following extensive upgrades to brake and safety systems.[citation needed]

With Class A office space becoming available on Bunker Hill, many of DTLA's remaining financial corporations moved to the newer buildings, leaving the former Spring Street Financial District devoid of tenants above ground floor. Following the corporate headquarters' moving six blocks west, the large department stores on Broadway shuttered, culminating in the 1980s.[citation needed]

The Broadway theaters saw much use as Spanish-language movie houses during this time, beginning with the conversion of the Million Dollar Theater in the 1950s to a Spanish-language theater.[17]

Recent years edit

 
The Wilshire Grand Center in DTLA is the tallest building in the U.S. west of the Mississippi River at (1,099 feet or 335 meters). It is also the tallest building in the state of California.
 
Griffith Observatory overlooking DTLA.
 
Union Station.
 
The Last Bookstore, which was founded in 2005.

In the early 2000s, the neighborhood became popular with Artists and Creatives due to low rent, open loft space, and many vacancies. In mid-2013, downtown was noted as "a neighborhood with an increasingly hip and well-heeled residential population".[18]

Because of the downtown area's office market's migration west to Bunker Hill and the Financial District, many historic office buildings have been left intact, which is simply used for storage or remaining empty during recent decades. In 1999, the Los Angeles City Council passed an adaptive reuse ordinance, making it easier for developers to convert outmoded, vacant office and commercial buildings into renovated lofts and luxury apartment and condo complexes.

As of early 2009, 14,561 residential units[19] have been created under the adaptive reuse ordinance, leading to an increase in the residential population. With 28,878 residents in 2006,[20] 39,537 in 2008,[21] and over 60,000 in 2017,[22] Downtown Los Angeles is seeing new life and investment.[23]

  • Crypto.com Arena, which opened in 1999, has contributed immensely to the revitalization plans, adding 250 events and nearly 4 million visitors per year to the neighborhood.[24] Since the opening of the Staples Center, the adjacent L.A. Live complex was completed, which includes the Microsoft Theatre and the Grammy Museum.
  • Los Angeles Metro Rail, a rail transit network centered on the downtown area, facilitates access to the city center, especially from the congested West Side.
  • Real estate developers and investors planned a $1.8 billion revitalization project along Grand Avenue, which included the development of Grand Park, a large city park,[25] and the construction of major city landmarks, including the Frank Gehry-designed Walt Disney Concert Hall and contemporary art museum The Broad, which opened in 2015.
  • On August 7, 2007, the Los Angeles City Council approved sweeping changes in zoning and development rules for the downtown area.[26] Strongly advocated by Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, the changes allow larger and denser developments downtown; developers who reserve 15% of their units for low-income residents are now exempt from some open-space requirements and can make their buildings 35% larger than current zoning codes allow.[26]
  • In 2009 Bottega Louie opened on the first floor of the historic Brockman Building on Grand Avenue and Seventh Street. It contributed to the revitalization of DTLA by creating Restaurant Row, which has since brought numerous new restaurants and retail shops to the area.[27] In 2012, the upper 11 floors of the Brockman Building were bought with the intention of being sold as luxury lofts.[28]
  • In October 2015, an outdoor lifestyle center, The Bloc Los Angeles, replaced the old enclosed Macy's Plaza.[citation needed]
  • Several labels of Warner Music moved into the Los Angeles Arts District in 2019 where the company had purchased a former Ford Motor Company assembly plant.[29]
  • Broadway retail is transitioning from a broad mix of stores catering mostly to Hispanic immigrants and a burgeoning sneaker and streetwear retail cluster has emerged from 4th to 9th streets: Sneaker Row.[30]
  • Oceanside Plaza has planned to open in 2020, but was later changed to unknown date due to financial problems and costs.[31]

Multiple Olympic and Paralympic events will be held in DTLA during the 2028 Summer Olympics and Paralympics.[32][33]

After six years of construction, the new Sixth Street Viaduct opened on July 9, 2022 at a cost of $588-million. This new bridge replaced a 1932 viaduct of the same name which was demolished in 2016 due to a fact that it would collapse if there were a major earthquake, and alkali-silica reaction – colloquially known as “concrete cancer.” Pedestrian and bicycle access points link to other projects such as 12 acres of new park space below the viaduct.[34]

Shopping Malls edit

Shopping centers include FIGat7th,[35] and The Bloc Los Angeles, an open-air shopping area.[36] Others include Japanese Village Plaza in Little Tokyo, City National Plaza, the Homer Laughlin Building, and the Los Angeles Mall.[37][38]

Geography edit

 
A view of the DTLA skyline.

Downtown Los Angeles is flanked by Echo Park to the north and northwest, Chinatown to the northeast, Boyle Heights to the east, Vernon to the south, Historic South Central and University Park to the southwest, and Pico-Union and Westlake to the west.[39][40][41]

Downtown is bounded on the northeast by Cesar Chavez Avenue, on the east by the Los Angeles River, on the south by the Los Angeles city line with Vernon, on the southwest by East Washington Boulevard and on the west by the 110 Freeway or Beaudry Avenue, including the entire Four Level Interchange with the 101 Freeway.[40][41]

Districts edit

The neighborhood includes these districts:

Climate edit

Climate data for Los Angeles (USC, Downtown), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1877–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 95
(35) 		95
(35) 		99
(37) 		106
(41) 		103
(39) 		112
(44) 		109
(43) 		106
(41) 		113
(45) 		108
(42) 		100
(38) 		92
(33) 		113
(45)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 83.0
(28.3) 		82.8
(28.2) 		85.8
(29.9) 		90.1
(32.3) 		88.9
(31.6) 		89.1
(31.7) 		93.5
(34.2) 		95.2
(35.1) 		99.4
(37.4) 		95.7
(35.4) 		88.9
(31.6) 		81.0
(27.2) 		101.5
(38.6)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 68.0
(20.0) 		68.0
(20.0) 		69.9
(21.1) 		72.4
(22.4) 		73.7
(23.2) 		77.2
(25.1) 		82.0
(27.8) 		84.0
(28.9) 		83.0
(28.3) 		78.6
(25.9) 		72.9
(22.7) 		67.4
(19.7) 		74.8
(23.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 58.4
(14.7) 		59.0
(15.0) 		61.1
(16.2) 		63.6
(17.6) 		65.9
(18.8) 		69.3
(20.7) 		73.3
(22.9) 		74.7
(23.7) 		73.6
(23.1) 		69.3
(20.7) 		63.0
(17.2) 		57.8
(14.3) 		65.8
(18.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 48.9
(9.4) 		50.0
(10.0) 		52.4
(11.3) 		54.8
(12.7) 		58.1
(14.5) 		61.4
(16.3) 		64.7
(18.2) 		65.4
(18.6) 		64.2
(17.9) 		59.9
(15.5) 		53.1
(11.7) 		48.2
(9.0) 		56.8
(13.8)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 41.4
(5.2) 		42.9
(6.1) 		45.4
(7.4) 		48.9
(9.4) 		53.5
(11.9) 		57.4
(14.1) 		61.1
(16.2) 		61.7
(16.5) 		59.1
(15.1) 		53.7
(12.1) 		45.4
(7.4) 		40.5
(4.7) 		39.2
(4.0)
Record low °F (°C) 28
(−2) 		28
(−2) 		31
(−1) 		36
(2) 		40
(4) 		46
(8) 		49
(9) 		49
(9) 		44
(7) 		40
(4) 		34
(1) 		30
(−1) 		28
(−2)
Average rainfall inches (mm) 3.29
(84) 		3.64
(92) 		2.23
(57) 		0.69
(18) 		0.32
(8.1) 		0.09
(2.3) 		0.02
(0.51) 		0.00
(0.00) 		0.13
(3.3) 		0.58
(15) 		0.78
(20) 		2.48
(63) 		14.25
(362)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 in) 6.1 6.3 5.1 2.8 1.9 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.4 2.2 2.8 5.5 34.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 225.3 222.5 267.0 303.5 276.2 275.8 364.1 349.5 278.5 255.1 217.3 219.4 3,254.2
Percent possible sunshine 71 72 72 78 64 64 83 84 75 73 70 71 73
Source: NOAA (sun 1961–1977)[43][44][45][46]

Population edit

 
DTLA at dusk.
 
DTLA with Dodger Stadium in the foreground.
 
The Orpheum Theatre, 2007.
 
St Vincent Court in 2017. European-style decorations date to 1957.

The 2000 U.S. census found that just 27,849 residents lived in the 5.84 square miles of downtown—or 4,770 people per square mile, among the lowest densities for the city of Los Angeles but about average for the county. The Southern California Association of Governments estimates that downtown's daytime population is 207,440.[47] The population increased to 34,811 by 2008, according to city estimates. By the end of 2019, the population of the district had grown to 85,000 residents, and 7,956 residential units were under construction.[48] The median age for residents was 39, considered old for the city and the county.[40]

Downtown Los Angeles is almost evenly balanced among the four major racial and ethnic groups—Asian Americans (23%), African Americans (22%), Latinos (25%) and non-Hispanic whites (26%)—according to an analysis of 2010 census data made by Loyola Marymount University researchers.[49]

A study of the 2000 census showed that downtown was the second–most diverse neighborhood in Los Angeles, its diversity index being 0.743, outrated only by Mid-Wilshire.[50] The ethnic breakdown in 2000 was Latinos, 36.7%; blacks, 22.3%; Asians, 21.3%; whites, 16.2%, and others, 3.5%. Mexico (44.7%) and Korea (17%) were the most common places of birth for the 41.9% of the residents who were born abroad, about the same ratio as in the city as a whole.[40]

The median household income in 2008 dollars was $15,003, considered low for both the city and the county. The percentage of households earning $20,000 or less (57.4%) was the highest in Los Angeles County, followed by University Park (56.6%) and Chinatown (53.6%). The average household size of 1.6 people was relatively low. Renters occupied 93.4% of the housing units, and home or apartment owners the rest.[40][51]

In 2000, there were 2,400 military veterans living downtown, or 9.7% of the population, considered a high rate for the city but average for the county overall.[40]

In 2010, census data concluded that 40,227 people lived in Downtown Los Angeles.[52]

In 2013, a study by Downtown Center Business Improvement District showed that of the 52,400 people resided in Downtown Los Angeles. The demographic breakdown was 52.7% Caucasian, 20.1% Asian, 17.0% Latino, and 6.2% African-American; 52.9% female, 47.1% male; and 74.8% of residents were between the ages of 23–44. The median age for residents was 34. The median household income was $98,700. The median household size was 1.8. In terms of educational attainment, 80.1% of residents had completed at least 4 years of college. The study was a self-selecting sample of 8,841 respondents across the DTLA area. It was not a "census" but rather a comprehensive survey of Downtown LA consumers.[53]

An additional study by the Downtown Center Business Improvement District showed that by 2017 the population has reached 67,324.[54] In early 2020 the population was estimated to have exceeded 80,000 at the end of 2019.[55]

Public transportation edit

Local and regional service edit

 
Current Los Angeles Metro Rail map showing rail and rapid transit lines.

Downtown Los Angeles is the center of the region's growing rail transit system, with six commuter lines operated by Metrolink, as well as six urban rail transit lines and local and regional bus service operated by Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro).

Major Metro stations in the district include Union Station, Civic Center/Grand Park station, Pershing Square station, 7th Street/Metro Center station, Pico station, Little Tokyo/Arts District station, Historic Broadway station, and Grand Avenue Arts/Bunker Hill station.

 
Union Station main passenger concourse.

Amtrak edit

Amtrak operates intercity passenger train service on five routes through Los Angeles Union Station: the Coast Starlight, Pacific Surfliner, Southwest Chief, Sunset Limited, and Texas Eagle.

Greyhound edit

Greyhound Lines operates a major bus terminal in Downtown Los Angeles at the intersection of Seventh and Alameda streets.[61]

Service to Los Angeles International Airport edit

Los Angeles World Airports operates a direct shuttle, LAX FlyAway Bus,[62] every 30–60 minutes between Union Station and Los Angeles International Airport.[63]

Transit expansion edit

 
Metro A Line light rail at Union Station.

Parks and open space edit

 
Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels located adjacent to Los Angeles City Hall.
 
Pershing Square.

Downtown Los Angeles is home to several public parks, plazas, gardens and other open space:

Several future park proposals for the district make use of public-private partnerships between developers and the city of Los Angeles, including a public park at the proposed Nikkei Center development in Little Tokyo;[71] a 1-acre (4,000 m2) park at the Medallion development in the Historic Core; and a pocket park at the Wilshire Grand Hotel replacement project, currently under construction.[72]

Additionally, the city recently completed a new park located on the 400 block of South Spring Street in the Historic Core neighborhood.[73]

Skyline edit

Main article: List of tallest buildings in Los Angeles
 
The modern skyline of Los Angeles resulted from the termination of severe height restrictions in 1957.
 
Ritz-Carlton Hotel, with distinctive street lamps in foreground, 2012.

Despite its relative decentralization and comparatively new high-rises (until 1958, the city did not permit any structures taller than the 27-story City Hall building[74]), Los Angeles has one of the largest skylines in the United States, and its development has continued in recent years.

The skyline has seen rapid growth due to improvements in seismic design standards, which has made certain building types highly earthquake-resistant. Many of the new skyscrapers contain a housing or hotel component.

Some current and upcoming examples of skyscraper construction include:

  • 705 Ninth Street, a 35-story residential tower, was completed in 2009.[75]
  • 717 Olympic, a 26-story residential tower, was completed in mid-2008.[76]
  • 888 Olive, a 32-story apartment tower by Vancouver-based Omni Group, opened in 2015.[77]
  • Concerto, a 28-story residential tower, was completed in early 2009. A second phase (Tower II) is currently under construction.
  • The Grand Avenue Project, designed by architect Frank Gehry, is a multi-phase project on four parcels. It includes a 39-story hotel tower at the corner of First Street and Grand Avenue and a civic park.[78][79][80]
  • L.A. Live, a multi-phased dining, entertainment and hotel development that includes a Ritz-Carlton and JW Marriott Hotel hybrid as well as Ritz-Carlton-branded condominiums, was completed in February 2010.[81]
  • Marriott International completed a 24-story Courtyard and Residence Inn tower near L.A. Live, which opened in July 2014, and plans to build a 20+ story Renaissance hotel to open in 2016.[82][83]
  • Metropolis, a mixed-use four-tower project (60, 50, 38, and 19 stories) at Francisco and Ninth streets, is currently under construction.[84]
  • South, a three-tower complex called Elleven, Luma, and Evo, spans the block from 11th Street and Grand Avenue to 12th Street and Grand Avenue, and was completed in phases ending in early 2009.
  • The Wilshire Grand Tower redevelopment, a 900-room hotel and office project built in 2017, is the tallest tower west of the Mississippi River, at 1,100 feet (340 m).[85]
  • Figueroa Centre, a 975-foot residential and hotel tower proposed across from The Original Pantry restaurant on the Figueroa Corridor. The tower proposed will become the third tallest building in Los Angeles when completed.
  • Angels Landing, a proposed super tall tower at 1020 ft. Currently in the funding stage. Approved by the city council in 2017.

Building height limits: 1904–1957 edit

 
The Eastern Columbia Building: the Entrance to the Historic Core and the "Jewel of Downtown".

The first height limit ordinance in Los Angeles was enacted following the completion of the 13-story Continental Building, located at the southeast corner of Fourth and Spring streets. The purpose of the height limit was to limit the density of the city. There was great hostility to skyscrapers in many cities in these years, mainly due to the congestion they could bring to the streets, and height limit ordinances were a common way of dealing with the problem. In 1911, the city passed an updated height limit ordinance, establishing a specific limit of 150 feet (46 m). Exceptions were granted for decorative towers such as those later built on the Eastern Columbia Building and United Artists Theatre, as well as the now-demolished Richfield Tower.[86]

The 1911 ordinance was repealed in 1957. The first private building to exceed the old limit was the 18-story United California Bank Building, located at the southeast corner of Sixth and Spring streets.[citation needed]

Flat Roof Ordinance edit

The pattern of buildings in Los Angeles to feature these "flat roofs" was the result of a 1974 fire ordinance which required all tall buildings in the city to include rooftop helipads in response to the devastating 1974 Joelma Fire in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in which helicopters were used to effect rescues from the flat rooftop of the building.[87] The Wilshire Grand Center was the first building granted an exception by the Los Angeles City Fire Department in 2014. However, as the building was under construction, L.A. City Council removed the flat roof ordinance as of 2015.[88]

Government and infrastructure edit

 
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Los Angeles Branch. This building is now loft apartments.

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Central Health Center in Downtown Los Angeles.[89]

The Southern California Liaison of the California Department of Education has its office in the Ronald Reagan State Building in Downtown Los Angeles.[90]

The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Los Angeles Branch is located in Downtown Los Angeles.[91]

Economy edit

DTLA is a node in the tech economy that extends beyond Silicon Beach. A venture capital firm counted 78 tech-oriented firms in DTLA in 2015. This included mobile apps, hardware, digital media and clean-tech companies plus co-working spaces, start-up incubators, and other related businesses.[92]

The Arts District has become a popular spot for companies seeking out something different from typical modern offices. The central location is accessible from various parts of the Los Angeles Basin. The cultural life has also made the area attractive to young tech employees.[92] Two Bit Circus is the only amusement park located in the area.[93][94]

Anschutz Entertainment Group has its corporate headquarters in Downtown Los Angeles.[95] BYD Company, a Chinese technology firm, has its North American headquarters in Downtown Los Angeles.[96]

The Last Bookstore is an independent bookstore that was called California’s largest new and used bookstore by Conde Nast Traveler in 2019.[97] Cathay Bank has its headquarters in the Los Angeles Chinatown.[98]

Education edit

 
Colburn School on Grand Boulevard.
 
Ramon C. Cortines High School for the Visual and Performing Arts.

Downtown residents aged 25 and older holding a four-year degree amounted to 17.9% of the population in 2000, about average in the city and the county, but there was a high percentage of residents with less than a high school diploma.[40]

These are the elementary or secondary schools within the neighborhood's boundaries:[99]

The Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising is at 800 S. Hope St.,[41][100] and the Colburn School for music and the performing arts is at 200 S. Grand Ave.[101]

Emergency services edit

Hospitals edit

Dignity Health-California Hospital Medical Center is located in the South Park district of Downtown LA at 1401 S. Grand Ave. Dignity Health-California Hospital Medical Center is known[citation needed] for its wide range of medical services, from women's health and maternal child to orthopedics and cardiology. The hospital also operates the only Level II Trauma Center in Downtown Los Angeles, and its emergency room treats over 70,000 patients each year. The hospital's neighbors include Staples Center, L.A. Live, Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising and the Fashion District.[citation needed]

Fire services edit

The Los Angeles Fire Department operates the following fire stations in Downtown Los Angeles:

  • Station 3 (Civic Center/Bunker Hill)[102]
  • Station 4 (Little Tokyo/Chinatown/Union Station/Olvera Street)[103]
  • Station 9 (Central City/Skid Row)[104]
  • Station 10 (Convention Center area)[105]

Police services edit

 
Los Angeles City Hall.

The Los Angeles Police Department operates the Central area Community Police Station in Downtown Los Angeles.[106]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Karlamangla, Soumya (January 19, 2015). "IN AN EMERGING DOWNTOWN, 'DTLA' MAKES STRONG INITIAL IMPRESSION"[dead link]. Los Angeles Times.
  2. ^ "Elevations and Distances". US Geological Survey. April 29, 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  3. ^ "Downtown". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 31, 2020.
  4. ^ . Downtown Center Business Improvement District. Archived from the original on October 27, 2015. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  5. ^ Greene, Sean; Curwen, Thomas. "Mapping the Tongva villages of L.A.'s past". LA Times. from the original on June 20, 2019.
  6. ^ Los Angeles Union Station Run-through Tracks Project: Environmental Impact Statement. United States. Federal Railroad Administration. 2004. pp. 34–35.
  7. ^ FATHER CRESPI IN LOS ANGELES, USC July 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Guinn, James Miller (1902). Historical and biographical record of southern California: containing a history of southern California from its earliest settlement to the opening year of the twentieth century. Chapman pub. co. p. 50. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
  9. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  10. ^ "Los Angeles Fifty Years Ago". Los Angeles Times. November 15, 1931.
  11. ^ Newmark, Harris. Sixty Years in Southern California. p. 318. in 1853…from the street now known as Macy throughout the business part of the city, and as far south as First Street.
  12. ^ Downtown History, Downtown Center Business Improvement District August 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ . 2000. Archived from the original on May 3, 2010.
  14. ^ Rasmussen, Cecilia (June 11, 2000). . Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016.
  15. ^ "Salvatore Cartaino Scarpitta, Los Angeles Stock Exchange, bas reliefs". Publicartinla.com. October 29, 1929. from the original on November 6, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2009.
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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Downtown Los Angeles.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Los Angeles/Downtown.
  • Central City Association of Los Angeles
  • Downtown Los Angeles Art Walk, a California public benefit company
  • Downtown Los Angeles crime map and statistics
  • USC Dornslife Downtown Walking Tour
  • Image of Downtown Los Angeles and Glendale Freeway seen from Eagle Rock, California, 1984. Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles.
  • DowntownLA, Downtown Center Business Improvement District

Videos edit

  • Downtown Los Angeles For Free (Almost) on YouTube

December 16, 2023
downtown, angeles, dtla, contains, central, business, district, angeles, addition, contains, diverse, residential, area, some, people, covers, 2013, study, found, that, district, home, over, jobs, also, part, central, angeles, neighborhoodclockwise, from, skyl. Downtown Los Angeles DTLA contains the central business district of Los Angeles In addition it contains a diverse residential area of some 85 000 people and covers 5 84 sq mi 15 1 km2 3 A 2013 study found that the district is home to over 500 000 jobs 4 It is also part of Central Los Angeles Downtown Los AngelesNeighborhoodClockwise from top Skyline from the southwest the Arts District City Hall the Jewelry District and the Financial District in 2001Nicknames Downtown L A DTLA 1 Downtown Freeway map of the Los Angeles area showing Downtown LADowntown map as delineated by the Los Angeles TimesCoordinates 34 03 N 118 15 W 34 05 N 118 25 W 34 05 118 25Country United States of AmericaStateCaliforniaCountyLos AngelesCityLos AngelesDowntown neighborhoodsList Arts DistrictBroadway Theater and Commercial DistrictBunker HillCivic CenterFashion DistrictFinancial DistrictFlower DistrictGallery RowHistoric CoreJewelry DistrictLittle TokyoOld Bank DistrictSkid RowSouth ParkToy DistrictArea Total5 84 sq mi 15 1 km2 Elevation 2 305 ft 93 m Population Estimate 2020 85 000Downtown Los Angeles is divided into neighborhoods and districts some overlapping Most districts are named for the activities concentrated there now or historically e g the Arts Civic Center Fashion Banking Theater Toy and Jewelry districts It is the hub for the city s urban rail transit system plus the Pacific Surfliner and Metrolink commuter rail system for Southern California Banks department stores and movie palaces at one time drew residents and visitors of all socioeconomic classes downtown but the area declined economically especially after the 1950s It remained an important center in the Civic Center of government business on Bunker Hill of banking and along Broadway of retail and entertainment for Hispanic Angelenos especially immigrants Now Downtown has been experiencing a renaissance that started in the early 2000s The Crypto com Arena anchors downtown s south end and along Broadway pre war buildings are being restored for new uses such as luxury condos co working spaces and high end retail Contents 1 History 1 1 Spanish and Mexican era 1 2 Victorian era Downtown 1 3 Downtown s golden age 1 4 Decline and redevelopment 1 5 Recent years 2 Shopping Malls 3 Geography 3 1 Districts 3 2 Climate 4 Population 5 Public transportation 5 1 Local and regional service 5 2 Amtrak 5 3 Greyhound 5 4 Service to Los Angeles International Airport 5 5 Transit expansion 6 Parks and open space 7 Skyline 7 1 Building height limits 1904 1957 7 2 Flat Roof Ordinance 8 Government and infrastructure 9 Economy 10 Education 11 Emergency services 11 1 Hospitals 11 2 Fire services 11 3 Police services 12 See also 13 References 14 External links 14 1 VideosHistory editSee also History of Los Angeles The Tongva village of Yaanga was located in what is now downtown Los Angeles possibly near or underneath where the Bella Union Hotel was located now Fletcher Bowron Square 5 6 Spanish and Mexican era edit Main article Pueblo de Los Angeles Father Juan Crespi a Spanish Franciscan missionary charged with exploring sites for Catholic missions in California noted in 1769 that the region had all the requisites for a large settlement 7 On September 4 1781 Los Angeles was founded by a group of settlers who trekked north from present day Mexico Like most urban centers in the Spanish Empire the town grew in a grid like street pattern around a central plaza which faced the first church The area passed to American control in 1847 8 and the small town grew to 11 000 by 1880 9 The business district was centered along Main Street between the Plaza and First Street 10 11 Victorian era Downtown edit nbsp 1894 drawing of the Victorian era business district now the eastern half of the Civic Center district nbsp Looking northeast on Spring Street from First Street 1880s Asher Hamburger s Peoples Store at the center Towers of the Baker Block are visible in the distance Main article Victorian Downtown Los Angeles Land speculation increased in the 1880s which saw the population of the city explode from 11 000 in 1880 to nearly 100 000 by 1896 12 Infrastructure enhancements and the laying of a street grid eventually brought development south of the Plaza Victorian Downtown Los Angeles in the 1800s and 1890s along Main Spring and Broadway south to Third Street all of which were razed to make way for today s Civic Center After 1900 larger buildings were constructed along Broadway and Spring from Third to Ninth streets in what is now called the Historic Core Downtown s golden age edit By 1920 the city s private and municipal rail lines were the most far flung and most comprehensive in the world in mileage even besting that of New York City By this time a steady influx of residents and aggressive land developers had transformed the city into a large metropolitan area with DTLA at its center Rail lines connected four counties with over 1 100 miles 1 800 km of track 13 During the early part of the 20th century banking institutions clustered around South Spring Street forming the Spring Street Financial District Sometimes referred to as the Wall Street of the West 14 the district held corporate headquarters for financial institutions including Bank of America Farmers and Merchants Bank the Crocker National Bank California Bank amp Trust and International Savings amp Exchange Bank The Los Angeles Stock Exchange was also located on the corridor from 1929 until 1986 before moving into a new building across the Harbor 110 Freeway 15 Commercial growth brought with it hotel construction during this time period several grand hotels the Alexandria 1906 the Rosslyn 1911 and the Biltmore 1923 were erected and also the need for venues to entertain the growing population of Los Angeles Broadway became the nightlife shopping and entertainment district of the city with over a dozen theater and movie palaces built before 1932 Department stores most that had grown from local dry goods businesses moved from Spring and Main streets around Temple and 1st to much larger stores along Broadway including The Broadway Hamburger s which became May Co Robinson s Bullock s Coulter s Desmond s Silverwoods Harris amp Frank and the Fifth Street Store Walker s serving a variety of socioeconomic groups from across the city and suburbs All but Coulter s would in the 1920s 1950s launch branches dotting shopping centers across a growing Southern California Numerous specialty stores also flourished including those in the jewelry business which gave rise to the Downtown Jewelry District Among these early jewelers included the Laykin Diamond Company later becoming Laykin et Cie 8 and Harry Winston amp Co both of which found their beginnings in the Hotel Alexandria at Fifth and Spring streets The Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal Union Station opened in May 1939 unifying passenger service among various local regional and long distance passenger trains It was built on a grand scale and would be one of the last of the great railway stations built in the United States citation needed Decline and redevelopment edit nbsp Angels Flight November 2008 Following World War II suburbanization the development of the Los Angeles freeway network and increased automobile ownership led to decreased investment downtown Many corporate headquarters slowly dispersed to new suburbs or fell to mergers and acquisitions As early as the 1920s once stately Victorian mansions on Bunker Hill were dilapidated serving as rooming houses for 20 000 working class Angelenos 16 From about 1930 onward numerous more than 100 year old buildings in the Plaza area were demolished to make way for street level parking lots the high demand for parking making this more profitable than any other options allowing preservation The drastic loss of local downtown residents further reduced the viability of streetfront pedestrian oriented businesses For middle and upper income Angelenos downtown became a drive in drive out destination citation needed In an effort to combat blight and lure businesses back downtown the city s Community Redevelopment Agency undertook the Bunker Hill Redevelopment Project in 1955 a massive clearance project that leveled homes and cleared land for future commercial skyscraper development This period saw the clearing and upzoning of the entire neighborhood as well as the shuttering of the Angels Flight funicular railway in 1969 Angels Flight resumed operation in 1996 for a period of five years shutting down once again after a fatal accident in 2001 On March 15 2010 the railway once again opened for passenger service following extensive upgrades to brake and safety systems citation needed With Class A office space becoming available on Bunker Hill many of DTLA s remaining financial corporations moved to the newer buildings leaving the former Spring Street Financial District devoid of tenants above ground floor Following the corporate headquarters moving six blocks west the large department stores on Broadway shuttered culminating in the 1980s citation needed The Broadway theaters saw much use as Spanish language movie houses during this time beginning with the conversion of the Million Dollar Theater in the 1950s to a Spanish language theater 17 Recent years edit nbsp The Wilshire Grand Center in DTLA is the tallest building in the U S west of the Mississippi River at 1 099 feet or 335 meters It is also the tallest building in the state of California nbsp Griffith Observatory overlooking DTLA nbsp Union Station nbsp The Last Bookstore which was founded in 2005 In the early 2000s the neighborhood became popular with Artists and Creatives due to low rent open loft space and many vacancies In mid 2013 downtown was noted as a neighborhood with an increasingly hip and well heeled residential population 18 Because of the downtown area s office market s migration west to Bunker Hill and the Financial District many historic office buildings have been left intact which is simply used for storage or remaining empty during recent decades In 1999 the Los Angeles City Council passed an adaptive reuse ordinance making it easier for developers to convert outmoded vacant office and commercial buildings into renovated lofts and luxury apartment and condo complexes As of early 2009 14 561 residential units 19 have been created under the adaptive reuse ordinance leading to an increase in the residential population With 28 878 residents in 2006 20 39 537 in 2008 21 and over 60 000 in 2017 22 Downtown Los Angeles is seeing new life and investment 23 Crypto com Arena which opened in 1999 has contributed immensely to the revitalization plans adding 250 events and nearly 4 million visitors per year to the neighborhood 24 Since the opening of the Staples Center the adjacent L A Live complex was completed which includes the Microsoft Theatre and the Grammy Museum Los Angeles Metro Rail a rail transit network centered on the downtown area facilitates access to the city center especially from the congested West Side Real estate developers and investors planned a 1 8 billion revitalization project along Grand Avenue which included the development of Grand Park a large city park 25 and the construction of major city landmarks including the Frank Gehry designed Walt Disney Concert Hall and contemporary art museum The Broad which opened in 2015 On August 7 2007 the Los Angeles City Council approved sweeping changes in zoning and development rules for the downtown area 26 Strongly advocated by Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa the changes allow larger and denser developments downtown developers who reserve 15 of their units for low income residents are now exempt from some open space requirements and can make their buildings 35 larger than current zoning codes allow 26 In 2009 Bottega Louie opened on the first floor of the historic Brockman Building on Grand Avenue and Seventh Street It contributed to the revitalization of DTLA by creating Restaurant Row which has since brought numerous new restaurants and retail shops to the area 27 In 2012 the upper 11 floors of the Brockman Building were bought with the intention of being sold as luxury lofts 28 In October 2015 an outdoor lifestyle center The Bloc Los Angeles replaced the old enclosed Macy s Plaza citation needed Several labels of Warner Music moved into the Los Angeles Arts District in 2019 where the company had purchased a former Ford Motor Company assembly plant 29 Broadway retail is transitioning from a broad mix of stores catering mostly to Hispanic immigrants and a burgeoning sneaker and streetwear retail cluster has emerged from 4th to 9th streets Sneaker Row 30 Oceanside Plaza has planned to open in 2020 but was later changed to unknown date due to financial problems and costs 31 Multiple Olympic and Paralympic events will be held in DTLA during the 2028 Summer Olympics and Paralympics 32 33 After six years of construction the new Sixth Street Viaduct opened on July 9 2022 at a cost of 588 million This new bridge replaced a 1932 viaduct of the same name which was demolished in 2016 due to a fact that it would collapse if there were a major earthquake and alkali silica reaction colloquially known as concrete cancer Pedestrian and bicycle access points link to other projects such as 12 acres of new park space below the viaduct 34 Shopping Malls editShopping centers include FIGat7th 35 and The Bloc Los Angeles an open air shopping area 36 Others include Japanese Village Plaza in Little Tokyo City National Plaza the Homer Laughlin Building and the Los Angeles Mall 37 38 Geography edit nbsp A view of the DTLA skyline Downtown Los Angeles is flanked by Echo Park to the north and northwest Chinatown to the northeast Boyle Heights to the east Vernon to the south Historic South Central and University Park to the southwest and Pico Union and Westlake to the west 39 40 41 Downtown is bounded on the northeast by Cesar Chavez Avenue on the east by the Los Angeles River on the south by the Los Angeles city line with Vernon on the southwest by East Washington Boulevard and on the west by the 110 Freeway or Beaudry Avenue including the entire Four Level Interchange with the 101 Freeway 40 41 Districts edit The neighborhood includes these districts Arts District 42 Bunker Hill 40 Civic Center 40 built on the razed site of the Central Business District during the 1880s 1890s Fashion District 40 Financial District Flower District Gallery Row Historic Core contains the Broadway Theater District Spring Street Financial District and Old Bank District 40 Industrial District 40 Jewelry District 40 Little Tokyo 40 Skid Row 40 South Park 40 Toy District Wholesale District or Warehouse District Climate edit Climate data for Los Angeles USC Downtown 1991 2020 normals extremes 1877 presentMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high F C 95 35 95 35 99 37 106 41 103 39 112 44 109 43 106 41 113 45 108 42 100 38 92 33 113 45 Mean maximum F C 83 0 28 3 82 8 28 2 85 8 29 9 90 1 32 3 88 9 31 6 89 1 31 7 93 5 34 2 95 2 35 1 99 4 37 4 95 7 35 4 88 9 31 6 81 0 27 2 101 5 38 6 Mean daily maximum F C 68 0 20 0 68 0 20 0 69 9 21 1 72 4 22 4 73 7 23 2 77 2 25 1 82 0 27 8 84 0 28 9 83 0 28 3 78 6 25 9 72 9 22 7 67 4 19 7 74 8 23 8 Daily mean F C 58 4 14 7 59 0 15 0 61 1 16 2 63 6 17 6 65 9 18 8 69 3 20 7 73 3 22 9 74 7 23 7 73 6 23 1 69 3 20 7 63 0 17 2 57 8 14 3 65 8 18 8 Mean daily minimum F C 48 9 9 4 50 0 10 0 52 4 11 3 54 8 12 7 58 1 14 5 61 4 16 3 64 7 18 2 65 4 18 6 64 2 17 9 59 9 15 5 53 1 11 7 48 2 9 0 56 8 13 8 Mean minimum F C 41 4 5 2 42 9 6 1 45 4 7 4 48 9 9 4 53 5 11 9 57 4 14 1 61 1 16 2 61 7 16 5 59 1 15 1 53 7 12 1 45 4 7 4 40 5 4 7 39 2 4 0 Record low F C 28 2 28 2 31 1 36 2 40 4 46 8 49 9 49 9 44 7 40 4 34 1 30 1 28 2 Average rainfall inches mm 3 29 84 3 64 92 2 23 57 0 69 18 0 32 8 1 0 09 2 3 0 02 0 51 0 00 0 00 0 13 3 3 0 58 15 0 78 20 2 48 63 14 25 362 Average rainy days 0 01 in 6 1 6 3 5 1 2 8 1 9 0 5 0 4 0 1 0 4 2 2 2 8 5 5 34 1Mean monthly sunshine hours 225 3 222 5 267 0 303 5 276 2 275 8 364 1 349 5 278 5 255 1 217 3 219 4 3 254 2Percent possible sunshine 71 72 72 78 64 64 83 84 75 73 70 71 73Source NOAA sun 1961 1977 43 44 45 46 Population edit nbsp DTLA at dusk nbsp DTLA with Dodger Stadium in the foreground nbsp The Orpheum Theatre 2007 nbsp St Vincent Court in 2017 European style decorations date to 1957 The 2000 U S census found that just 27 849 residents lived in the 5 84 square miles of downtown or 4 770 people per square mile among the lowest densities for the city of Los Angeles but about average for the county The Southern California Association of Governments estimates that downtown s daytime population is 207 440 47 The population increased to 34 811 by 2008 according to city estimates By the end of 2019 the population of the district had grown to 85 000 residents and 7 956 residential units were under construction 48 The median age for residents was 39 considered old for the city and the county 40 Downtown Los Angeles is almost evenly balanced among the four major racial and ethnic groups Asian Americans 23 African Americans 22 Latinos 25 and non Hispanic whites 26 according to an analysis of 2010 census data made by Loyola Marymount University researchers 49 A study of the 2000 census showed that downtown was the second most diverse neighborhood in Los Angeles its diversity index being 0 743 outrated only by Mid Wilshire 50 The ethnic breakdown in 2000 was Latinos 36 7 blacks 22 3 Asians 21 3 whites 16 2 and others 3 5 Mexico 44 7 and Korea 17 were the most common places of birth for the 41 9 of the residents who were born abroad about the same ratio as in the city as a whole 40 The median household income in 2008 dollars was 15 003 considered low for both the city and the county The percentage of households earning 20 000 or less 57 4 was the highest in Los Angeles County followed by University Park 56 6 and Chinatown 53 6 The average household size of 1 6 people was relatively low Renters occupied 93 4 of the housing units and home or apartment owners the rest 40 51 In 2000 there were 2 400 military veterans living downtown or 9 7 of the population considered a high rate for the city but average for the county overall 40 In 2010 census data concluded that 40 227 people lived in Downtown Los Angeles 52 In 2013 a study by Downtown Center Business Improvement District showed that of the 52 400 people resided in Downtown Los Angeles The demographic breakdown was 52 7 Caucasian 20 1 Asian 17 0 Latino and 6 2 African American 52 9 female 47 1 male and 74 8 of residents were between the ages of 23 44 The median age for residents was 34 The median household income was 98 700 The median household size was 1 8 In terms of educational attainment 80 1 of residents had completed at least 4 years of college The study was a self selecting sample of 8 841 respondents across the DTLA area It was not a census but rather a comprehensive survey of Downtown LA consumers 53 An additional study by the Downtown Center Business Improvement District showed that by 2017 the population has reached 67 324 54 In early 2020 the population was estimated to have exceeded 80 000 at the end of 2019 55 Public transportation editLocal and regional service edit nbsp Current Los Angeles Metro Rail map showing rail and rapid transit lines Downtown Los Angeles is the center of the region s growing rail transit system with six commuter lines operated by Metrolink as well as six urban rail transit lines and local and regional bus service operated by Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority Metro Major Metro stations in the district include Union Station Civic Center Grand Park station Pershing Square station 7th Street Metro Center station Pico station Little Tokyo Arts District station Historic Broadway station and Grand Avenue Arts Bunker Hill station The Los Angeles Metro Rail system has four rail lines that serve Downtown Los Angeles the A Line B Line D Line and E Line In late 2009 the Metro J Line bus rapid transit project opened replacing two unconnected bus rapid transit lines with through service at street level through the downtown area In 2006 a portion of the Metro Red Line now the B Line was rebranded by Metro as the Metro Purple Line now the D Line a heavy rail subway line which runs from Union Station to Wilshire Western station in Koreatown A westward extension of the line to Westwood is currently under construction Metro operates an extensive bus network 56 including Metro Local Metro Express commuter lines and Metro Rapid 57 buses with signal priority and limited stops Los Angeles Department of Transportation operates seven local DASH shuttle lines downtown on weekdays Lines A B C D E and F 58 Weekend service is operated on lines DD Downtown Discovery E and F 59 The Regional Connector Transit Corridor connected the A E and L Lines between the Little Tokyo Arts District and 7th Street Metro Center stations which opened on June 16 2023 This had the A and E Lines take over different parts of the L Line which was promptly discontinued 60 nbsp Union Station main passenger concourse Amtrak edit Amtrak operates intercity passenger train service on five routes through Los Angeles Union Station the Coast Starlight Pacific Surfliner Southwest Chief Sunset Limited and Texas Eagle Greyhound edit Greyhound Lines operates a major bus terminal in Downtown Los Angeles at the intersection of Seventh and Alameda streets 61 Service to Los Angeles International Airport edit Los Angeles World Airports operates a direct shuttle LAX FlyAway Bus 62 every 30 60 minutes between Union Station and Los Angeles International Airport 63 Transit expansion edit nbsp Metro A Line light rail at Union Station The Metro E Line was built in two phases and completed in 2016 The first phase of the project connected 7th Street Metro Center Station downtown with Culver City via the former Pacific Electric Railway Santa Monica Air Line right of way The second phase extended the line to Santa Monica 64 The E Line shares tracks with the Metro A Line north of Washington Boulevard and shares the Pico Station 7th Street Metro Center Station Grand Avenue Arts Bunker Hill station Historic Broadway station and Little Tokyo Arts District station with the A Line Union Station is set to be a major stop on the under construction California High Speed Rail system though it will not be a part of the project s Initial Operating Segment 65 The project would connect Northern and Southern California via the San Joaquin Valley with service averaging 220 miles per hour 350 km h 66 67 Work is planned to bring streetcar style trolley service to Downtown Los Angeles via Broadway connecting the L A Live development with the Grand Avenue cultural corridor and Bunker Hill 68 69 Parks and open space edit nbsp Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels located adjacent to Los Angeles City Hall nbsp Pershing Square Downtown Los Angeles is home to several public parks plazas gardens and other open space Los Angeles Plaza Olvera Street El Pueblo de Los Angeles Historical Monument Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels meditation garden and olive garden park Biddy Mason Park Grand Park Maguire Gardens Pershing Square Los Angeles City Hall South Lawn Los Angeles Police Department s Police Administration Building 70 South Lawn Los Angeles State Historic Park Union Station gardens Walt Disney Concert Hall Community Park The Water Court at California Plaza an outdoor performance and dining space with water features fountains shaded seating areas and an amphitheater Japanese Garden and plaza at the Little Tokyo Cultural and Community Center Plaza Japanese Garden at the Kyoto Grand Hotel and Gardens Garden at Bank of America PlazaSeveral future park proposals for the district make use of public private partnerships between developers and the city of Los Angeles including a public park at the proposed Nikkei Center development in Little Tokyo 71 a 1 acre 4 000 m2 park at the Medallion development in the Historic Core and a pocket park at the Wilshire Grand Hotel replacement project currently under construction 72 Additionally the city recently completed a new park located on the 400 block of South Spring Street in the Historic Core neighborhood 73 Skyline editMain article List of tallest buildings in Los Angeles nbsp The modern skyline of Los Angeles resulted from the termination of severe height restrictions in 1957 nbsp Ritz Carlton Hotel with distinctive street lamps in foreground 2012 Despite its relative decentralization and comparatively new high rises until 1958 the city did not permit any structures taller than the 27 story City Hall building 74 Los Angeles has one of the largest skylines in the United States and its development has continued in recent years The skyline has seen rapid growth due to improvements in seismic design standards which has made certain building types highly earthquake resistant Many of the new skyscrapers contain a housing or hotel component Some current and upcoming examples of skyscraper construction include 705 Ninth Street a 35 story residential tower was completed in 2009 75 717 Olympic a 26 story residential tower was completed in mid 2008 76 888 Olive a 32 story apartment tower by Vancouver based Omni Group opened in 2015 77 Concerto a 28 story residential tower was completed in early 2009 A second phase Tower II is currently under construction The Grand Avenue Project designed by architect Frank Gehry is a multi phase project on four parcels It includes a 39 story hotel tower at the corner of First Street and Grand Avenue and a civic park 78 79 80 L A Live a multi phased dining entertainment and hotel development that includes a Ritz Carlton and JW Marriott Hotel hybrid as well as Ritz Carlton branded condominiums was completed in February 2010 81 Marriott International completed a 24 story Courtyard and Residence Inn tower near L A Live which opened in July 2014 and plans to build a 20 story Renaissance hotel to open in 2016 82 83 Metropolis a mixed use four tower project 60 50 38 and 19 stories at Francisco and Ninth streets is currently under construction 84 South a three tower complex called Elleven Luma and Evo spans the block from 11th Street and Grand Avenue to 12th Street and Grand Avenue and was completed in phases ending in early 2009 The Wilshire Grand Tower redevelopment a 900 room hotel and office project built in 2017 is the tallest tower west of the Mississippi River at 1 100 feet 340 m 85 Figueroa Centre a 975 foot residential and hotel tower proposed across from The Original Pantry restaurant on the Figueroa Corridor The tower proposed will become the third tallest building in Los Angeles when completed Angels Landing a proposed super tall tower at 1020 ft Currently in the funding stage Approved by the city council in 2017 Building height limits 1904 1957 edit nbsp The Eastern Columbia Building the Entrance to the Historic Core and the Jewel of Downtown The first height limit ordinance in Los Angeles was enacted following the completion of the 13 story Continental Building located at the southeast corner of Fourth and Spring streets The purpose of the height limit was to limit the density of the city There was great hostility to skyscrapers in many cities in these years mainly due to the congestion they could bring to the streets and height limit ordinances were a common way of dealing with the problem In 1911 the city passed an updated height limit ordinance establishing a specific limit of 150 feet 46 m Exceptions were granted for decorative towers such as those later built on the Eastern Columbia Building and United Artists Theatre as well as the now demolished Richfield Tower 86 The 1911 ordinance was repealed in 1957 The first private building to exceed the old limit was the 18 story United California Bank Building located at the southeast corner of Sixth and Spring streets citation needed Flat Roof Ordinance edit The pattern of buildings in Los Angeles to feature these flat roofs was the result of a 1974 fire ordinance which required all tall buildings in the city to include rooftop helipads in response to the devastating 1974 Joelma Fire in Sao Paulo Brazil in which helicopters were used to effect rescues from the flat rooftop of the building 87 The Wilshire Grand Center was the first building granted an exception by the Los Angeles City Fire Department in 2014 However as the building was under construction L A City Council removed the flat roof ordinance as of 2015 88 Government and infrastructure edit nbsp Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Los Angeles Branch This building is now loft apartments The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Central Health Center in Downtown Los Angeles 89 The Southern California Liaison of the California Department of Education has its office in the Ronald Reagan State Building in Downtown Los Angeles 90 The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Los Angeles Branch is located in Downtown Los Angeles 91 Economy editDTLA is a node in the tech economy that extends beyond Silicon Beach A venture capital firm counted 78 tech oriented firms in DTLA in 2015 This included mobile apps hardware digital media and clean tech companies plus co working spaces start up incubators and other related businesses 92 The Arts District has become a popular spot for companies seeking out something different from typical modern offices The central location is accessible from various parts of the Los Angeles Basin The cultural life has also made the area attractive to young tech employees 92 Two Bit Circus is the only amusement park located in the area 93 94 Anschutz Entertainment Group has its corporate headquarters in Downtown Los Angeles 95 BYD Company a Chinese technology firm has its North American headquarters in Downtown Los Angeles 96 The Last Bookstore is an independent bookstore that was called California s largest new and used bookstore by Conde Nast Traveler in 2019 97 Cathay Bank has its headquarters in the Los Angeles Chinatown 98 Education edit nbsp Colburn School on Grand Boulevard nbsp Ramon C Cortines High School for the Visual and Performing Arts Downtown residents aged 25 and older holding a four year degree amounted to 17 9 of the population in 2000 about average in the city and the county but there was a high percentage of residents with less than a high school diploma 40 These are the elementary or secondary schools within the neighborhood s boundaries 99 Ramon C Cortines School of Visual and Performing Arts LAUSD high school 450 N Grand Ave Downtown Business High School LAUSD alternative 1081 W Temple St California Academy for Liberal Studies Early College High School LAUSD charter 700 Wilshire Blvd Alliance Dr Olga Mohan High School LAUSD charter 644 W 17th St Abram Friedman Occupational School LAUSD adult education 1646 S Olive St Metropolitan Continuation School LAUSD 727 S Wilson St Para Los Ninos Middle School LAUSD charter 1617 E Seventh St Jardin de la Infancia LAUSD charter elementary 307 E Seventh St Saint Malachy Catholic Elementary School private 1200 E 81st St Tri C Community Day School LAUSD 716 E 14th St City of Angels School LAUSD alternative school 1449 S San Pedro St formerly Central High School 41 San Pedro Street Elementary School LAUSD 1635 S San Pedro St Saint Turibius Elementary School private 1524 Essex St American University Preparatory School private 345 S Figueroa St The Fashion Institute of Design amp Merchandising is at 800 S Hope St 41 100 and the Colburn School for music and the performing arts is at 200 S Grand Ave 101 Emergency services editHospitals edit Dignity Health California Hospital Medical Center is located in the South Park district of Downtown LA at 1401 S Grand Ave Dignity Health California Hospital Medical Center is known citation needed for its wide range of medical services from women s health and maternal child to orthopedics and cardiology The hospital also operates the only Level II Trauma Center in Downtown Los Angeles and its emergency room treats over 70 000 patients each year The hospital s neighbors include Staples Center L A Live Fashion Institute of Design amp Merchandising and the Fashion District citation needed Fire services edit The Los Angeles Fire Department operates the following fire stations in Downtown Los Angeles Station 3 Civic Center Bunker Hill 102 Station 4 Little Tokyo Chinatown Union Station Olvera Street 103 Station 9 Central City Skid Row 104 Station 10 Convention Center area 105 Police services edit nbsp Los Angeles City Hall The Los Angeles Police Department operates the Central area Community Police Station in Downtown Los Angeles 106 See also edit nbsp Los Angeles portal nbsp California portal nbsp United States portalCentral Business District Los Angeles 1880 1899 LAMP Community List of tallest buildings in Los Angeles Los Angeles Downtown NewsReferences edit Karlamangla Soumya January 19 2015 IN AN EMERGING DOWNTOWN DTLA MAKES STRONG INITIAL IMPRESSION dead link Los Angeles Times Elevations and Distances US Geological Survey April 29 2005 Retrieved February 10 2015 Downtown Los Angeles Times Retrieved May 31 2020 Downtown LA Demographic Study 2013 Downtown Center Business Improvement District Archived from the original on October 27 2015 Retrieved February 3 2018 Greene Sean Curwen Thomas Mapping the Tongva villages of L A s past LA Times Archived from the original on June 20 2019 Los Angeles Union Station Run through Tracks Project Environmental Impact Statement United States Federal Railroad Administration 2004 pp 34 35 FATHER CRESPI IN LOS ANGELES USC Archived July 7 2009 at the Wayback Machine Guinn James Miller 1902 Historical and biographical record of southern California containing a history of southern California from its earliest settlement to the opening year of the twentieth century Chapman pub co p 50 Retrieved September 30 2011 Census of Population and Housing Census gov Retrieved June 4 2016 Los Angeles Fifty Years Ago Los Angeles Times November 15 1931 Newmark Harris Sixty Years in Southern California p 318 in 1853 from the street now known as Macy throughout the business part of the city and as far south as First Street Downtown History Downtown Center Business Improvement District Archived August 4 2009 at the Wayback Machine Pacific Electric Subway 2000 Archived from the original on May 3 2010 Rasmussen Cecilia June 11 2000 Wall Street of the West Had Its Peaks Crashes Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on March 5 2016 Salvatore Cartaino Scarpitta Los Angeles Stock Exchange bas reliefs Publicartinla com October 29 1929 Archived from the original on November 6 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 The Bunker Hill Story Welfare Redevelopment and Housing Crisis in Postwar Los Angeles Archived from the original on August 2 2019 Retrieved May 9 2020 Last Remaining Seats Laconservancy org Archived from the original on September 27 2011 Retrieved June 13 2009 Pierson David July 31 2013 Whole Foods to Open Downtown L A Store in 2015 Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on September 16 2013 Retrieved February 20 2020 Downtown Los Angeles Housing Information First Quarter 2009 PDF Downtown Center Business Improvement District Archived from the original PDF on July 19 2011 Retrieved June 9 2009 Cara Mia DiMassa Downtown L A has gained people but lost jobs report says Archived 2007 05 08 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times February 21 2007 1 Archived February 27 2012 at the Wayback Machine DowntownLA com demographic study Scott Beyer Downtown L A Is America s Most Colorful Neighborhood Archived 2019 09 04 at the Wayback Machine Forbes April 28 2017 Ordinance brings new life into downtown L A s Main Street Los Angeles Times June 11 2009 Archived from the original on June 14 2009 Retrieved February 20 2020 Facilities STAPLES Center AEG Worldwide Archived from the original on August 28 2008 Retrieved June 13 2009 Glaister Dan May 27 2005 Downtown looks up Dan Glaister reports on ambitious plans to create a brighter better and shinier heart of LA The Guardian London Guardian News and Media Archived from the original on August 29 2013 Retrieved July 19 2012 a b Sharon Bernstein and David Pierson L A moves toward more N Y style downtown Archived 2008 10 07 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times August 8 2007 Regardie Jon February 18 2011 The Downtowners of Distinction Los Angeles Downtown News Retrieved March 26 2016 Vincent Roger April 16 2012 New owners turning Brockman Building into apartments Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on October 26 2018 Retrieved February 20 2020 Vincent Roger April 7 2019 Warner Music turns former Ford assembly plant into Arts District music factory Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on April 8 2019 Retrieved April 8 2019 Must Reads Downtown L A s latest retail renaissance Broadway s burgeoning Sneaker Row Los Angeles Times December 8 2018 Archived from the original on May 20 2019 Retrieved May 15 2019 Construction restarting at Oceanwide Plaza as debt soars to 98 6M Curbed LA La curbed com March 21 2019 Retrieved October 30 2019 Assets PDF la24 prod s3 amazonaws com Archived PDF from the original on October 12 2016 Retrieved August 26 2017 Marino Vivian March 5 2019 Revitalization Projects Reawaken Downtown Los Angeles The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 5 2019 Retrieved March 5 2019 New Sixth Street Viaduct to open on July 9 Urbanize LA June 16 2022 Retrieved June 16 2022 Chang Andrea Vincent Roger November 4 2010 Move to downtown L A site right on Target Los Angeles Times The Bloc Discover Los Angeles www discoverlosangeles com Retrieved June 17 2022 Downtown LA Malls and Shopping Centers latourist com Retrieved September 27 2022 Discover the Best Shopping Centers in Los Angeles Discover Los Angeles www discoverlosangeles com Retrieved September 27 2022 2 Archived January 14 2011 at the Wayback Machine Central L A Mapping L A Los Angeles Times a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p 3 Archived May 16 2013 at the Wayback Machine Downtown Mapping L A Los Angeles Times a b c d The Thomas Guide 2006 pages 634 and 674 2012 2013 Official Visitors Map Archived May 27 2013 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Tourism amp Convention Board 2012 NowData NOAA Online Weather Data National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved July 18 2020 Summary of Monthly Normals 1991 2020 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved May 11 2021 Station Name CA LOS ANGELES DWTN USC CAMPUS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved July 18 2020 LOS ANGELES WBO CA Climate Normals National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved October 20 2013 Downtown Mapping L A Archived from the original on November 25 2016 Retrieved November 25 2016 Wowtapka Dawn November 26 2013 In Downtown LA a Housing Revival The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on January 23 2015 Retrieved July 13 2014 Trounson Rebecca April 12 2012 A multicultural moment Downtown L A s population evenly split Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on April 14 2012 Retrieved April 13 2012 4 Archived June 23 2013 at the Wayback Machine Diversity Mapping L A Los Angeles Times 5 Archived July 10 2013 at the Wayback Machine 20 000 or less Mapping L A Los Angeles Times Census Data by Neighborhood Council data lacity org City of Los Angeles Retrieved June 1 2020 Downtown LA Demographic Study 2013 PDF Downtown Center Business Improvement District Archived from the original PDF on August 7 2015 Retrieved July 16 2015 Downtown LA Market Report Second Quarter 2017 PDF Downtown Center Business Improvement District Archived from the original PDF on September 12 2017 Retrieved September 12 2017 Downtown LA Market Report Fourth Quarter 2019 Year End Report PDF Downtown Center Business Improvement District 2019 Archived from the original PDF on February 16 2020 Metro Maps Metro net Archived from the original on May 26 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 Metro Rapid Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority Archived from the original on February 26 2010 Retrieved June 13 2009 DASH Schedule Archived June 1 2009 at the Wayback Machine LADOT DASH Weekend Schedule Archived June 15 2009 at the Wayback Machine LADOT Nolan Conan June 16 2023 Need a ride Metro to open its Regional Connector system Los Angeles Retrieved June 16 2023 Locations California Greyhound com Archived from the original on July 7 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 LAX Official Site Traffic and Ground Transportation FlyAway Bus Fly LAX FlyAway Bus Los Angeles World Airports LAX FlyAway Los Angeles World Airports Archived from the original on May 22 2013 Retrieved May 24 2013 6 Archived May 24 2009 at the Wayback Machine Joe Biden says California high speed rail looking good for federal money Archived 2011 02 20 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times Why High Speed Trains Cahighspeedrail ca gov Archived from the original on April 29 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 California high speed rail Wobbling on its tracks The Economist April 1 2014 Archived from the original on October 2 2015 Retrieved September 25 2015 Streetcar Bringing Back Broadway Archived from the original on June 3 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 Progress Bringing Back Broadway Archived from the original on May 20 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 Green Emily May 23 2009 LAPD green landscaping at the new police headquarters Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on May 29 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 Little Tokyo looks to get back its vibes with new development The Japan Times Online October 10 2008 Archived from the original on October 13 2008 Retrieved June 13 2009 carllehmanpi com April 3 2009 Los Angeles Downtown News and Information LA Downtown News Online gt Archives gt News gt Korean Air Plans 1 Billion Downtown Project Downtownnews com Retrieved June 13 2009 Curbed LA Shiny Downtown Tower Is Out New Park Is In La curbed com January 14 2009 Archived from the original on January 24 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 LA City Hall Student Reader StudentReader com October 24 2012 Archived from the original on April 24 2012 Retrieved November 21 2012 MerueloMaddux MerueloMaddux Archived from the original on January 6 2010 Retrieved June 13 2009 UDR Apartments 717 Olympic UDR com Archived from the original on July 4 2009 Retrieved May 9 2020 Vaillancourt Richard Guzman Jon Regardie and Ryan May 23 2013 The Development Scene The Latest Info on 88 Downtown Projects Archived from the original on August 12 2013 Retrieved August 26 2013 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link The Grand Archived April 15 2009 at the Wayback Machine Thegrandla com Retrieved on July 29 2013 L A Now The Los Angeles Times February 10 2009 Archived from the original on February 14 2009 Retrieved June 8 2009 Surprise Grand Avenue Project Files for Construction Permits August 11 2017 Archived from the original on August 11 2017 Retrieved August 11 2017 L A Live L A Live Archived from the original on April 30 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 Rosenfeld Kelly April 30 2013 L A Live to Get New Renaissance Hotel www travelagewest com TravelAge West Archived from the original on August 26 2013 Vincent Roger March 7 2013 Marriott doubles down on high rise hotels in L A Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on July 26 2017 Retrieved February 20 2020 China s Greenland Buys Stake in Los Angeles Project Bloomberg Archived from the original on January 23 2015 Retrieved March 6 2017 Amid slump one part of downtown remains hot Los Angeles Times April 7 2009 Archived from the original on April 11 2009 Retrieved June 13 2009 The Latest On AXS Archived from the original on June 27 2007 Retrieved May 9 2020 Rosenberg Jeremy January 16 2012 Laws That Shaped L A Why is the Los Angeles Skyline So Bland Archived February 23 2016 at the Wayback Machine KCET Glick Kudler Adrian February 7 2013 New Wilshire Grand Will Be the West Coast s Tallest Tower CURBED Los Angeles Central Health Center Archived 2010 05 27 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Retrieved on March 18 2010 Southern California Liaison Archived 2009 12 25 at the Wayback Machine California Department of Education Retrieved on December 23 2009 FRBSF Branches Archived 2011 09 25 at the Wayback Machine Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Retrieved on March 30 2010 a b Chang Andrea March 7 2015 Tech scene takes hold in revitalized downtown L A Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on September 17 2019 Retrieved February 20 2020 Martens Todd July 23 2018 Two Bit Circus will bring an indoor game focused theme park to downtown Los Angeles Los Angeles Times Retrieved November 20 2023 Axon Samuel August 22 2018 Inside Two Bit Circus LA s new VR and arcade amusement park Ars Technica Retrieved November 20 2023 Anschutz Entertainment Group Archived July 7 2006 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on November 9 2009 Contact Us Archived February 22 2015 at the Wayback Machine BYD Company Retrieved on June 17 2015 BYD North America Headquarters Add 1800 S Figueroa Street Los Angeles CA90015 USA The Last Bookstore Our Review Conde Nast Retrieved January 23 2019 2014 Annual Report 2014 Archive Cathay Bank Retrieved on March 27 2016 p 18 Corporate Headquarter 777 N Broadway Los Angeles CA 90012 7 Archived May 1 2013 at the Wayback Machine Downtown Schools Mapping L A Los Angeles Times Mapping L A Los Angeles Times Contact Us Archived from the original on May 1 2013 Retrieved May 24 2013 Colburn School website Station 3 Station 4 Station 9 Station 10 Central Community Police Station official website of THE LOS ANGELES POLICE DEPARTMENT Lapdonline org Archived from the original on June 15 2010 Retrieved June 13 2009 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Downtown Los Angeles nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Los Angeles Downtown Central City Association of Los Angeles Blogdowntown community site Downtown Los Angeles Art Walk a California public benefit company Downtown Los Angeles neighborhood guide Downtown Los Angeles crime map and statistics USC Dornslife Downtown Walking Tour Image of Downtown Los Angeles and Glendale Freeway seen from Eagle Rock California 1984 Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive Collection 1429 UCLA Library Special Collections Charles E Young Research Library University of California Los Angeles DowntownLA Downtown Center Business Improvement DistrictVideos edit Downtown Los Angeles For Free Almost on YouTube Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Downtown Los Angeles amp oldid 1189917037, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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