Dong Haichuan (13 October 1797 or 1813 – 25 October 1882) is regarded as a skillful martial artist and is widely credited to be the founder of Baguazhang.[1] Most, if not all, existing schools of Baguazhang place Dong Haichuan at the beginning of their lineage. Some traditional teachers in China do not regard Dong as the founder, though, but merely as the first identified transmitter of Baguazhang knowledge to the wider public. In their opinion, prior to Dong, Baguazhang teaching was conducted behind closed doors from one Taoist to another within the Taoist sect.[2][3] There are no historical evidence of practicing Baguazhang among the Taoists prior to the modern era, however.
董海川 Dong Haichuan
Born
(1797-10-13)October 13, 1797 or (1813-10-13)October 13, 1813 Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu, Wen'an, Hebei, China
Died
October 25, 1882(1882-10-25) (aged 85) or October 25, 1882(1882-10-25) (aged 69) Beijing, China
He was born on 13 October 1797 or 1813 in Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu Township, Wen'an County, Hebei Province, China. As a child and young man he intensely trained in the martial arts of his village. The arts were probably Shaolin-based and may have included Bafanshan (a possible precursor to Fanziquan), Hongquan, Xingmenquan, and Jingangquan. These were the arts being taught in and around Dong's village at this time.[4] Alternatively, Dong is sometimes said to have learned and practiced Erlangquan, Luohanquan,[5] or other arts.
His family is thought to have been so poor, at some point around 1853, Dong left Hebei Province to seek work elsewhere. By many accounts he is described as spending his youth travelling, penniless, and often getting in trouble. But he, even by his own claims, continued to study martial arts intensely during his travels. Where, by whom, and what he was taught, varies depending on the source. But it is generally accepted that, during this time, Dong studied Taoist training methods that included some kind of circle walking practice. He synthesized his previous experience with his village arts, what he had learned in his travels, and his Taoist studies to create a unique art originally called Zhuanzhang (Turning Palms). Zhuanzhang in later years became called Baguazhang.
Around 1864 Dong arrived in Beijing and was hired as a servant at the residence of the Prince Su. Later Prince Su gave him the job of tax collector. Dong and his top student Yin Fu went to Mongolia to collect taxes, where he spent ten years. Upon his return he left the prince's employ and began to teach publicly, giving up all other occupations to fully devote himself to developing and teaching Baguazhang.
The nature of what he taught is generally disputed. Some believe that he consistently taught only the first three of eight palms (Single Change Palm, Double Change Palm and Smooth Body Palm) and that he would vary the last five depending on the individuals' previous martial arts experience. Others believe that he taught considerably more material. It was also in his public teaching period that the art was given the name Baguazhang (Eight tri-gram palm). Baguazhang became popular in Beijing and surrounding areas.[6]
In his later years he was poor and lived with Yin Fu's student Ma Gui. Ma owned a lumber yard and Dong lived on the premises. He died on 25 October 1882 in Beijing.
By the late 19th century, Baguazhang had become a well-known fighting style in Beijing and northern China, and Dong Haichuan and his students became famous. This gave rise to many fictitious stories and written pulp novels which were adopted as fact.
^. webcitation.org. Archived from the original on 21 October 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
External linksedit
by Frank Allen & Clarence Lu
April 09, 2024
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In this Chinese name the family name is Dong Dong Haichuan 13 October 1797 or 1813 25 October 1882 is regarded as a skillful martial artist and is widely credited to be the founder of Baguazhang 1 Most if not all existing schools of Baguazhang place Dong Haichuan at the beginning of their lineage Some traditional teachers in China do not regard Dong as the founder though but merely as the first identified transmitter of Baguazhang knowledge to the wider public In their opinion prior to Dong Baguazhang teaching was conducted behind closed doors from one Taoist to another within the Taoist sect 2 3 There are no historical evidence of practicing Baguazhang among the Taoists prior to the modern era however 董海川Dong HaichuanBorn 1797 10 13 October 13 1797or 1813 10 13 October 13 1813Zhu village Ju Jia Wu Wen an Hebei ChinaDiedOctober 25 1882 1882 10 25 aged 85 or October 25 1882 1882 10 25 aged 69 Beijing ChinaNationalityChineseStyleLuohanquanErlangquanFanziquan unconfirmed Hongquan unconfirmed Xingmenquan unconfirmed Jingangquan unconfirmed RankFounder of BaguazhangNotable studentsYin Fu 尹福 Ma Gui 马贵 Cheng Tinghua 程廷华 Liang Zhenpu 梁振蒲 Dong HaichuanChinese董海川TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinDǒng Hǎichuan Contents 1 Biography 2 Students 3 Bibliography 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksBiography editHe was born on 13 October 1797 or 1813 in Zhu village Ju Jia Wu Township Wen an County Hebei Province China As a child and young man he intensely trained in the martial arts of his village The arts were probably Shaolin based and may have included Bafanshan a possible precursor to Fanziquan Hongquan Xingmenquan and Jingangquan These were the arts being taught in and around Dong s village at this time 4 Alternatively Dong is sometimes said to have learned and practiced Erlangquan Luohanquan 5 or other arts His family is thought to have been so poor at some point around 1853 Dong left Hebei Province to seek work elsewhere By many accounts he is described as spending his youth travelling penniless and often getting in trouble But he even by his own claims continued to study martial arts intensely during his travels Where by whom and what he was taught varies depending on the source But it is generally accepted that during this time Dong studied Taoist training methods that included some kind of circle walking practice He synthesized his previous experience with his village arts what he had learned in his travels and his Taoist studies to create a unique art originally called Zhuanzhang Turning Palms Zhuanzhang in later years became called Baguazhang Around 1864 Dong arrived in Beijing and was hired as a servant at the residence of the Prince Su Later Prince Su gave him the job of tax collector Dong and his top student Yin Fu went to Mongolia to collect taxes where he spent ten years Upon his return he left the prince s employ and began to teach publicly giving up all other occupations to fully devote himself to developing and teaching Baguazhang The nature of what he taught is generally disputed Some believe that he consistently taught only the first three of eight palms Single Change Palm Double Change Palm and Smooth Body Palm and that he would vary the last five depending on the individuals previous martial arts experience Others believe that he taught considerably more material It was also in his public teaching period that the art was given the name Baguazhang Eight tri gram palm Baguazhang became popular in Beijing and surrounding areas 6 In his later years he was poor and lived with Yin Fu s student Ma Gui Ma owned a lumber yard and Dong lived on the premises He died on 25 October 1882 in Beijing By the late 19th century Baguazhang had become a well known fighting style in Beijing and northern China and Dong Haichuan and his students became famous This gave rise to many fictitious stories and written pulp novels which were adopted as fact Students editDong taught Baguazhang to several highly regarded martial artists notably Fu Zhensong Yin Fu Ma Gui Cheng Tinghua and Liang Zhenpu Some of these students names are recorded on his grave 7 Bibliography editSmith Robert W Chinese Boxing ISBN 1 55643 085 X Liang Shou Yu Yang Jwing Ming Wu Wen Ching Baguazhang Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications pp 36 38 ISBN 0 940871 30 0 Smith Robert W Pittman Allen Pa Kua Eight Trigram Boxing pp 19 22 ISBN 0 8048 1618 2See also editBaguazhang Neijia Neigong Neijin Chinese martial arts Liang Zhenpu Li Ziming Sui YunjiangReferences edit Nine Dragon Baguazhang Archived 20 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Liang Shou yu Yang Jwing Ming Wu Wen Ching Baguazhang Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications 1996 Frank Allen Tina Chunna Zhang The Whirling Circles of Ba Gua Zhang The Art and Legends of the Eight Trigram Palm 2007 The Pa Kua Chang Journal 3 1 High View Publications and B amp R Endeavors LLC a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Guangxi Wang 2012 Chinese Kung Fu Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 05 211 8664 3 Cardinal Baguazhang Eight Diagram Palms Shadow Boxing Sonshi October 2009 00 05 38 Ottawa Chinese Martial Arts webcitation org Archived from the original on 21 October 2009 Retrieved 13 March 2016 External links editThe Yin and Yang of Ba Gua Zhang The Legends of Thin Yin and Spectacles Cheng by Frank Allen amp Clarence Lu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dong Haichuan amp oldid 1094169000, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
