Donetsk Republic (movement)
The Social Movement "Donetsk Republic" (Russian: Общественное движение «Донецкая республика», romanized: Obshchestvennoye dvizheniye «Donetskaya respublika»; ODDR) is a pro-Russian separatist political movement operating in the Donetsk region of Ukraine. Before its annexation, the movement's goal was the creation of a "federation of sovereign Donetsk", which would include seven regions of eastern and southern Ukraine.[5][6] The group was banned in 2007, but this ban was marginal until the 2014 Donbas war. In 2014, it founded the Donetsk People's Republic, which Ukraine's government deems a terrorist organization.[7] The movement won the 2014 Donbas general elections with 68.53% of the vote and 68 seats,[8] which were condemned as illegitimate and a violation of the Minsk ceasefire agreements between Ukraine, Russia, and the OSCE.[8]
Social Movement "Donetsk Republic" Общественное движение «Донецкая республика» | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | ODDR |
| Chairman | Denis Pushilin |
| Founders | Alexander Tsurkan Andrei Purgin Oleg Frolov |
| Founded | 9 December 2005 |
| Banned | 12 November 2007 (in Ukraine) |
| Preceded by | International Movement of Donbass |
| Headquarters | Universitetskaya 19, Donetsk |
| Youth wing | Young Republic, Zakharovtsy |
| Paramilitary wing | Donbas People's Militia |
| Membership (2022) | 247,720 (claimed)[1] |
| Ideology | Russian nationalism[2] Donbas separatism[3] Social conservatism[2] Anti-Ukrainian sentiment[4] |
| Political position | Big tent |
| Colours | DNR Flag colours: Black Blue Red |
| Federation Council (Russia) | 2 / 178 |
| People's Council (DPR) | 74 / 100 |
| Party flag | |
| Website | |
| oddr | |
History edit
Before the Russo-Ukrainian War edit
The organization was established on 6 December 2005 as a city organization by Andrei Purguin, Alexander Tsurkan, and Oleh Frolov and on 9 December 2005 with support of Hennadiy Prytkov as a regional organization. The main goal of the organization was to grant the eastern regions of Ukraine a special status.[9] It claimed to fight the "orange plague" of President Viktor Yushchenko.[9] Their goal was to create a Federal Republic of Donetsk in Southeast Ukraine.[10] According to a map they published in 2006, this Federal Republic of Donetsk would comprise the Ukrainian Oblasts Kharkiv Oblast, Luhansk Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Zaporizhia Oblast and Kherson Oblast.[10]
Prior to the spring of 2014, the organization drew little support and remained on the margins of local politics. [11] Its pre-2014 rallies were averagely attended by about 30–50 people.[9] From 17 to 22 November 2006, its activists were conducting protests in Donetsk and were gathering signatures on creation of the Donetsk Republic.[12] Their activities were not supported by the prime minister, Viktor Yanukovych.[13] At the beginning of 2007, representatives of the organization conducted number of activities in various cities of eastern Ukraine propagating the idea of separatism and federalization of the country.[14]
Russo-Ukrainian War edit
In 2014, the organization founded the Donetsk People's Republic, which Ukraine's government deems a terrorist organization.[7]
The group's leader, Andrei Purgin, was arrested by the Security Service of Ukraine during the 2014 pro-Russian unrest.[5][6]
The movement won the 2014 Donbas general elections with 68.53% of the vote and 68 seats.[8] The Communist Party of the Donetsk People's Republic participates in the Donetsk Republic's parliamentary group.[15] In the election campaign prior to these elections only the candidate of Donetsk Republic, Alexander Zakharchenko, used billboards.[16] This resulted to the only visible campaign advertising in Donetsk being in support of Zakharchenko.[17]
In the days and weeks prior until the postponement of the DNR October 2015 local elections (to 21 February 2016[18]) 90% of the (campaign) advertising was done by Donetsk Republic.[19]
Electoral results edit
Head edit
| Election | Candidate | First round | Second round | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| 2014 | Alexander Zakharchenko | 775,340 | 78.93% | Elected | ||
| 2018 | Denis Pushilin | 60.86% | Elected | |||
People's Council edit
| Election | Party leader | Performance | Rank | Government | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ± pp | Seats | +/– | ||||
| 2014 | Andrei Purgin | 662,752 | 68.35% | New | 68 / 100 | New | 1st | Supermajority |
| 2018 | Denis Pushilin | 72.38% | 4.03 | 74 / 100 | 6 | 1st | Supermajority | |
References edit
- ^ "НАС: 247720". oddr.info.
- ^ a b http://oddr.info/o-nas/ О нас
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018). . Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 31 July 2022. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ^ https://studopedia.ru/24_63060_tablitsa-politicheskie-partii-i-obshchestvennie-dvizheniya-v-dnr.html Таблица. Политические партии и общественные движения в ДНР.
- ^ a b SBU detained the leader of Donetsk Republic. Espreso. 19 March 2014
- ^ a b Court banned the organization Donetsk Republic 30 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Ura-Inform. 12 November 2007
- ^ a b "Ukraine's prosecutor general classifies self-declared Donetsk and Luhansk republics as terrorist organizations". Kyiv Post. 16 May 2014.
- ^ a b c "Донецькі бойовики за ніч порахували голоси: "переміг" Захарченко".
- ^ a b c (in Russian) Small bio of Andrei Purgin on Politrada
- ^ a b (in Russian) What's "New Russia" and how to be, Ukrayinska Pravda (15 August 2014)
- ^ Gerard Toal (2017). Near Abroad: Putin, the West and the Contest Over Ukraine and the Caucasus. Oxford University Press. p. 243. ISBN 978-0-19025-330-1.
- ^ Signature collection for the independent Donetsk Republic. Russia-3.
- ^ UNIAN: Yanukovych against the Donetsk Republic 12 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Donetsk Republic. 23 November 2006
- ^ Donetsk Republic presented Ukraine as united but divided 30 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Ura-Inform. 10 January 2007
- ^ Список депутатов Народного Совета ДНР созыва 2014 года [List of deputies of the People's Council of the People's Democratic Republic of 2014] (in Russian). 14 November 2014. Archived from the original on 18 November 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ^ "Donetsk People's Republic campaign reveals shambolic tendencies". Financial Times. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
- ^ "Rebel-Backed Elections to Cement Status Quo in Ukraine". The New York Times. 2 November 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
- ^ Pro-Russian rebels in Ukraine postpone disputed elections, Reuters (6 October 2015)
, The Washington Post (6 October 2015) - ^ (in Ukrainian) Donbas postpones elections, Gazeta.ru (5 October 2015)
External links edit
- official website
- . New Region. 14 September 2006.