This is a list of Directors, appointed by the Dutch West India Company, of the 17th century Dutch province of New Netherland (Nieuw-Nederland in Dutch) in North America. Only the last, Peter Stuyvesant, held the title of Director General. As the colony grew, citizens advisory boards – known as the Twelve Men, Eight Men, and Nine Men – exerted more influence on the director and thus affairs of province.
There were New Netherland settlements in what later became the US states of New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, with short-lived outposts in areas of today's Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania. The capital, New Amsterdam, became the city of New York when the New Netherlanders provisionally ceded control of the colony to the English, who renamed the city and the rest of the province in June 1665.
During the restitution to Dutch rule from August 1673 to November 1674, when New Netherland was under the jurisdiction of the City of Amsterdam, the first Dutch governor, Anthony Colve, was appointed.
In 1673, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, the Dutch were able to recapture New Amsterdam (renamed "New York" by the British) under AdmiralCornelis Evertsen the Youngest and Captain Anthony Colve.[6] Evertsen renamed the city "New Orange."[7] Evertsen returned to the Netherlands in July 1674, and was accused of disobeying his orders. Evertsen had been instructed not to retake New Amsterdam but instead to conquer the British colonies of Saint Helena and Cayenne (now French Guiana).[8] In 1674, the Dutch were compelled to relinquish New Amsterdam to the British under the terms of the Second Treaty of Westminster.[9][10]
Colve's authority was brief, starting with the taking of New York, but ended on 10 November 1674 to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Westminster, which restored the colony to the English. News did not reach the New World of the treaty's terms until late in the year. The new English governor Edmund Andros only arrived in November 1674.
^Burrows, Edwin G., and Wallace, Mike. Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), xivff.
^Merwick, Donna. The Shame and the Sorrow: Dutch-Amerindian Encounters in New Netherland Early American Series. (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006).
^"Journal of New Netherland 1647. Written in the Years 1641, 1642, 1643, 1644, 1645, and 1646". World Digital Library. 1641–1647. Retrieved 2013-08-01.
^ abShorto, Russell. The Island at the Center of the World: The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony that Shaped America. (New York City: Vintage Books, 2004).
^Otto, Paul. The Dutch-Munsee Encounter in America: The Struggle for Sovereignty in the Hudson Valley. (Oxford/New York: Berghahn Books, 2006), 152; and Kraft, Herbert C. The Lenape: Archaeology, History, and Ethnography. (Newark, New Jersey: New Jersey Historical Society, 1986), 241.
^Roosevelt, Theodore. "IV. New Amsterdam becomes New York The Beginning of English Rule. 1664–1674," in New York: A Sketch of the City's Social, Political, and Commercial Progress from the First Dutch Settlement to Recent Times. (New York: Charles Scribner & Sons, 1906).
^Barrevald, Dirk J. From New Amsterdam to New York: The Founding of New York by the Dutch in July 1625. (Lincoln, Nebraska: Writers Club Press, 2001), 248.
^Shomette, Donald G. and Haslach, Robert D. Raid on America: The Dutch Naval Campaign of 1672–1674. (Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1988), 73, 139–151; De Waard, Cornelis. De Zeeuwsche expeditie naar de West onder Cornelis Evertsen den Jonge, 1672–1674. (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1928). (in Dutch)
^Westdorp, Martina. "Behouden of opgeven? Het lot van de nederlandse kolonie Nieuw-Nederland na de herovering op de Engelsen in 1673" 2008-06-30 at the Wayback Machine in De wereld van Peter Stuyvesant (in Dutch). Retrieved 21 March 2013.
^Prak, Maarten. The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century: The Golden Age. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 116.
October 28, 2023
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This is a list of Directors appointed by the Dutch West India Company of the 17th century Dutch province of New Netherland Nieuw Nederland in Dutch in North America Only the last Peter Stuyvesant held the title of Director General As the colony grew citizens advisory boards known as the Twelve Men Eight Men and Nine Men exerted more influence on the director and thus affairs of province There were New Netherland settlements in what later became the US states of New York New Jersey and Delaware with short lived outposts in areas of today s Connecticut Rhode Island and Pennsylvania The capital New Amsterdam became the city of New York when the New Netherlanders provisionally ceded control of the colony to the English who renamed the city and the rest of the province in June 1665 During the restitution to Dutch rule from August 1673 to November 1674 when New Netherland was under the jurisdiction of the City of Amsterdam the first Dutch governor Anthony Colve was appointed Contents 1 List of directors 1 1 From 1624 1664 1 2 Restoration of the colony 1673 1674 2 See also 3 ReferencesList of directors editFrom 1624 1664 edit Portrait Director or Director General Took office Left office NotesCornelius Jacobsen May fl 1600s 1624 1625 Explored Delaware Bay New York Bay Hudson River Established base at Nut Island Noten Eylant and outposts including Fort Nassau on Delaware River Cape May was named in his honor Willem Verhulst or van der Hulst fl 1600s 1625 1626 Initiated construction of Fort Amsterdam on southern tip of Manhattan Island and Fort Wilhelmus on the Delaware River Unpopular with the colonists he was quickly replaced Adrian Jorisszen Tienpoint was his deputy nbsp Peter Minuit 1580 1638 1626 1631 Purchased the island of Manhattan from Native Americans on May 24 1626 for 60 Dutch guilders worth of goods 1 Sebastiaen Jansen Krol 1595 1674 1632 1633 nbsp Wouter van Twiller 1606 1654 1633 1638 Previously a Dutch West India Company warehouse clerk used family connections to the Rensselaer family to gain appointment purchased Nut Island Noten Eylant later called Governor s Island from Canarsee tribe for two axeheads a string of beads and iron nails Lost the colony s claim of the Connecticut River valley to New England settlers Pushed back encroaching Virginia settlers who tried to settle Delaware River valleyWillem Kieft 1597 1647 1638 1647 Attempted to drive out Lenape tribe Attacks on Pavonia and Corlears Hook led to Kieft s War 2 Fired by the Dutch West India Company in 1647 3 Died at sea near Swansea Wales on September 27 1647 while returning to Amsterdam aboard the Princess Amelia 4 nbsp Peter Stuyvesant c 1612 1672 1647 1664 Authorized charter for Communipaw and Bergen now Jersey City in 1660 New Amsterdam Pavonia and other settlements attacked by the Susquehannocks during the brief Peach Tree War 1655 4 obtained victory the Esopus Wars against the Lenape and Esopus tribes 5 Surrendered New Netherland to the British Also the Director of Curacao 1642 1664 Restoration of the colony 1673 1674 edit In 1673 during the Third Anglo Dutch War the Dutch were able to recapture New Amsterdam renamed New York by the British under Admiral Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest and Captain Anthony Colve 6 Evertsen renamed the city New Orange 7 Evertsen returned to the Netherlands in July 1674 and was accused of disobeying his orders Evertsen had been instructed not to retake New Amsterdam but instead to conquer the British colonies of Saint Helena and Cayenne now French Guiana 8 In 1674 the Dutch were compelled to relinquish New Amsterdam to the British under the terms of the Second Treaty of Westminster 9 10 Portrait Governor Took office Left office NotesAnthony Colve 1644 1693 1673 1674 Colve s authority was brief starting with the taking of New York but ended on 10 November 1674 to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Westminster which restored the colony to the English News did not reach the New World of the treaty s terms until late in the year The new English governor Edmund Andros only arrived in November 1674 See also editJoris Andringa Johan Bjornsson Printz List of colonial governors of Delaware List of colonial governors of New Jersey List of colonial governors of New York Dutch colonization of the Americas List of mayors of New York City History of New York City New Amsterdam judicial systemReferences edit Burrows Edwin G and Wallace Mike Gotham A History of New York City to 1898 Oxford Oxford University Press 1998 xivff Merwick Donna The Shame and the Sorrow Dutch Amerindian Encounters in New Netherland Early American Series Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press 2006 Journal of New Netherland 1647 Written in the Years 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 and 1646 World Digital Library 1641 1647 Retrieved 2013 08 01 a b Shorto Russell The Island at the Center of the World The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony that Shaped America New York City Vintage Books 2004 Otto Paul The Dutch Munsee Encounter in America The Struggle for Sovereignty in the Hudson Valley Oxford New York Berghahn Books 2006 152 and Kraft Herbert C The Lenape Archaeology History and Ethnography Newark New Jersey New Jersey Historical Society 1986 241 Roosevelt Theodore IV New Amsterdam becomes New York The Beginning of English Rule 1664 1674 in New York A Sketch of the City s Social Political and Commercial Progress from the First Dutch Settlement to Recent Times New York Charles Scribner amp Sons 1906 Barrevald Dirk J From New Amsterdam to New York The Founding of New York by the Dutch in July 1625 Lincoln Nebraska Writers Club Press 2001 248 Shomette Donald G and Haslach Robert D Raid on America The Dutch Naval Campaign of 1672 1674 Columbia South Carolina University of South Carolina Press 1988 73 139 151 De Waard Cornelis De Zeeuwsche expeditie naar de West onder Cornelis Evertsen den Jonge 1672 1674 The Hague Nijhoff 1928 in Dutch Westdorp Martina Behouden of opgeven Het lot van de nederlandse kolonie Nieuw Nederland na de herovering op de Engelsen in 1673 Archived 2008 06 30 at the Wayback Machine in De wereld van Peter Stuyvesant in Dutch Retrieved 21 March 2013 Prak Maarten The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century The Golden Age Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2005 116 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Directors of New Netherland amp oldid 1171377128, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
