The dikaryon is a nuclear feature that is unique to certain fungi. (The green alga Derbesia had been long considered an exception,[1] until the heterokaryotic hypothesis was challenged by later studies.[2]) Compatible cell-types can fuse cytoplasms (plasmogamy). When this occurs, the two nuclei of two cells pair off and cohabit without fusing (karyogamy). This can be maintained for all the cells of the hyphae by synchronously dividing so that pairs are passed to newer cells. In the Ascomycota this attribute is most often found in the ascogenous hyphae and ascocarp while the bulk of the mycelium remains monokaryotic. In the Basidiomycota this is the dominant phase, with most Basidiomycota monokaryons weakly growing and short-lived.
Dikaryons shown in a Basidiomycete mitosis cycle
The formation of a dikaryon is a plesiomorphic character for the subkingdom Dikarya, which consists of the Basidiomycota and the Ascomycota. The formation of croziers in the Ascomycota and of clamp connections in the Basidiomycota facilitates maintenance of the dikaryons. However, some fungi in each of these phyla have evolved other methods for maintaining the dikaryons, and therefore neither croziers nor clamp connections are ubiquitous in either phylum.
^van den Hoek, C., D.G. Mann, and H.M. Jahns 1995. Algae: an introduction to phycology, p. 430. Cambridge University Press (623 pp).
^Lee, S. H.; T. A. Motomura; T. Ichimura (1998). "Karyogamy follows plasmogamy in the life cycle of Derbesia tenuissima (Chlorophyta)". Phycologia. 37 (5): 330–333. doi:10.2216/i0031-8884-37-5-330.1.
dikaryon, dikaryon, nuclear, feature, that, unique, certain, fungi, green, alga, derbesia, been, long, considered, exception, until, heterokaryotic, hypothesis, challenged, later, studies, compatible, cell, types, fuse, cytoplasms, plasmogamy, when, this, occu. The dikaryon is a nuclear feature that is unique to certain fungi The green alga Derbesia had been long considered an exception 1 until the heterokaryotic hypothesis was challenged by later studies 2 Compatible cell types can fuse cytoplasms plasmogamy When this occurs the two nuclei of two cells pair off and cohabit without fusing karyogamy This can be maintained for all the cells of the hyphae by synchronously dividing so that pairs are passed to newer cells In the Ascomycota this attribute is most often found in the ascogenous hyphae and ascocarp while the bulk of the mycelium remains monokaryotic In the Basidiomycota this is the dominant phase with most Basidiomycota monokaryons weakly growing and short lived Dikaryons shown in a Basidiomycete mitosis cycleThe formation of a dikaryon is a plesiomorphic character for the subkingdom Dikarya which consists of the Basidiomycota and the Ascomycota The formation of croziers in the Ascomycota and of clamp connections in the Basidiomycota facilitates maintenance of the dikaryons However some fungi in each of these phyla have evolved other methods for maintaining the dikaryons and therefore neither croziers nor clamp connections are ubiquitous in either phylum Contents 1 Etymology 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksEtymology editThe name dikaryon comes from the Greek di di meaning two and karyon karyon meaning nut referring to the cell nucleus See also edit nbsp Fungi portalBinucleated cells as a pathological state Heterokaryon Multinucleated cells SyncytiumReferences edit van den Hoek C D G Mann and H M Jahns 1995 Algae an introduction to phycology p 430 Cambridge University Press 623 pp Lee S H T A Motomura T Ichimura 1998 Karyogamy follows plasmogamy in the life cycle of Derbesia tenuissima Chlorophyta Phycologia 37 5 330 333 doi 10 2216 i0031 8884 37 5 330 1 External links editFungi Online Page Formation of Dikaryons 1 nbsp This mycology related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dikaryon amp oldid 1166757213, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
