The hepatopancreas, digestive gland or midgut gland is an organ of the digestive tract of arthropods and molluscs. It provides the functions which in mammals are provided separately by the liver and pancreas, including the production of digestive enzymes, and absorption of digested food.[2]
Photo of a 5-mm-long juvenile of Haliotis asinina (with the shell removed) shows the yellow grandma hepatopancreas on the left.
Drawing shows that the mantle (in grey) covers the majority of the dorsal surface of the animal.[1] The gills (g), digestive gland (dg), adductor muscle (am), epipodial tentacles (ept), right mantle lobe (rml), eyespot (es), cephalic tentacles (ct) and left mantle lobe (lml) are indicated.
Arthropods, especially detritivores in the Order Isopoda, Suborder Oniscidea (woodlice), have been shown to be able to store heavy metals in their hepatopancreas.[3] This could lead to bioaccumulation through the food chain and implications for food web destruction, if the accumulation gets high enough in polluted areas; for example, high metal concentrations are seen in spiders of the genus Dysdera which feed on woodlice, including their hepatopancreas, the major metal storage organ of isopods in polluted sites.[4]
Dorsal view of an anesthetized individual of Plakobranchus ocellatus with spread parapodia. Stomach and branched parapodial digestive glands are visible. The tissue region in the red square was dissected and used for DNA extraction in the study by Maeda T. et al. (2012).[5]
Tomalley, the hepatopancreas of crustaceans, often used as food
Referencesedit
^Daniel J. Jackson; Carmel McDougall; Kathryn Green; Fiona Simpson; Gert Wörheide; Bernard M Degnan (2006). "A rapidly evolving secretome builds and patterns a sea shell". BMC Biology. 4: 40. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-4-40. PMC1676022. PMID 17121673.
^Claus Svendsen; Graeme Paton; Jason M. Weeks (2002). "Soil biomarkers (invertebrates and microbes) for assessing site toxicity". In G. I. Sunahara; A. Y. Renoux; C. Thellen; C. L. Gaudet; A. Pilon (eds.). Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 95–134. ISBN978-0-471-98669-0.
^S. P. Hopkin; M. H. Martin (1985). (PDF). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 34 (2): 183–187. doi:10.1007/bf01609722. PMID 3978257. S2CID 39086273. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-22.
^Maeda T., Hirose E., Chikaraishi Y., Kawato M., Takishita K. et al. (2012). "Algivore or Phototroph? Plakobranchus ocellatus (Gastropoda) Continuously Acquires Kleptoplasts and Nutrition from Multiple Algal Species in Nature". PLoS ONE7(7): e42024. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042024
^Böer M., Graeve M. & Kattner G. (2006). "Exceptional long-term starvation ability and sites of lipid storage of the Arctic pteropod Clione limacina". Polar Biology30(5): 571-580. doi:10.1007/s00300-006-0214-6.
^Ingo Burghardt; Heike Wägele (2004). "A new solar powered species of the genus Phyllodesmium Ehrenberg, 1831 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Aeolidoidea) from Indonesia with analysis of its photosynthetic activity and notes on biology" (PDF). Zootaxa. 596: 1–18. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.596.1.1.
January 01, 1970
hepatopancreas, hepatopancreas, digestive, gland, midgut, gland, organ, digestive, tract, arthropods, molluscs, provides, functions, which, mammals, provided, separately, liver, pancreas, including, production, digestive, enzymes, absorption, digested, food, p. The hepatopancreas digestive gland or midgut gland is an organ of the digestive tract of arthropods and molluscs It provides the functions which in mammals are provided separately by the liver and pancreas including the production of digestive enzymes and absorption of digested food 2 Photo of a 5 mm long juvenile of Haliotis asinina with the shell removed shows the yellow grandma hepatopancreas on the left Drawing shows that the mantle in grey covers the majority of the dorsal surface of the animal 1 The gills g digestive gland dg adductor muscle am epipodial tentacles ept right mantle lobe rml eyespot es cephalic tentacles ct and left mantle lobe lml are indicated Contents 1 Arthropods 2 Molluscs 3 See also 4 ReferencesArthropods editArthropods especially detritivores in the Order Isopoda Suborder Oniscidea woodlice have been shown to be able to store heavy metals in their hepatopancreas 3 This could lead to bioaccumulation through the food chain and implications for food web destruction if the accumulation gets high enough in polluted areas for example high metal concentrations are seen in spiders of the genus Dysdera which feed on woodlice including their hepatopancreas the major metal storage organ of isopods in polluted sites 4 Molluscs edit nbsp 3D reconstruction of the general anatomy of Pseudunela cornuta shows the digestive gland dg in green color nbsp 3D reconstruction of the digestive system of Pseudunela cornuta shows the digestive gland dg more clearly nbsp Histology section of hepatopancreas of slug Deroceras laeve nbsp Dorsal view of an anesthetized individual of Plakobranchus ocellatus with spread parapodia Stomach and branched parapodial digestive glands are visible The tissue region in the red square was dissected and used for DNA extraction in the study by Maeda T et al 2012 5 The hepatopancreas is a centre for lipid metabolism and for storage of lipids in gastropods 6 Some species in the genus Phyllodesmium contains active zooxanthellae of the genus Symbiodinium in the hepatopancreas 7 See also editCrab duplex specific nuclease Digestive system of gastropods Tomalley the hepatopancreas of crustaceans often used as foodReferences edit Daniel J Jackson Carmel McDougall Kathryn Green Fiona Simpson Gert Worheide Bernard M Degnan 2006 A rapidly evolving secretome builds and patterns a sea shell BMC Biology 4 40 doi 10 1186 1741 7007 4 40 PMC 1676022 PMID 17121673 Blue Crab Anatomy Claus Svendsen Graeme Paton Jason M Weeks 2002 Soil biomarkers invertebrates and microbes for assessing site toxicity In G I Sunahara A Y Renoux C Thellen C L Gaudet A Pilon eds Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites John Wiley and Sons pp 95 134 ISBN 978 0 471 98669 0 S P Hopkin M H Martin 1985 Assimilation of zinc cadmium lead copper and iron by the spider Dysdera crocata a predator of woodlice PDF Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 34 2 183 187 doi 10 1007 bf01609722 PMID 3978257 S2CID 39086273 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 22 Maeda T Hirose E Chikaraishi Y Kawato M Takishita K et al 2012 Algivore or Phototroph Plakobranchus ocellatus Gastropoda Continuously Acquires Kleptoplasts and Nutrition from Multiple Algal Species in Nature PLoS ONE 7 7 e42024 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0042024 Boer M Graeve M amp Kattner G 2006 Exceptional long term starvation ability and sites of lipid storage of the Arctic pteropod Clione limacina Polar Biology 30 5 571 580 doi 10 1007 s00300 006 0214 6 Ingo Burghardt Heike Wagele 2004 A new solar powered species of the genus Phyllodesmium Ehrenberg 1831 Mollusca Nudibranchia Aeolidoidea from Indonesia with analysis of its photosynthetic activity and notes on biology PDF Zootaxa 596 1 18 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 596 1 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hepatopancreas amp oldid 1210227127, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
