With ancestry in Guangshan County (光山縣), Henan, she was born Deng Wenshu (鄧文淑) in Nanning, Guangxi. Growing up in a poverty-stricken family, her father died when she was at a young age and her single mother taught and practiced medicine. Deng studied at Beiyang Women's Normal School.[1] Deng participated as a team leader in the May Fourth Movement, where she met Zhou Enlai in 1919. They married on 8 August 1925 in Guangzhou. Deng joined the Communist Youth League of China (CYL) in 1924 and became a member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1925.[2] After the White Terror massacres in 1927, Deng worked underground in Shanghai for five years.
When the People's Republic of China was founded, Deng Yingchao was elected to the National Women's first to the third vice chairman, honorary chairman of the Fourth; Chinese People's Conseil national children's vice chairman. Since the Eighth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Deng Yingchao has been a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, but has never held a government position. It was not until the death of her husband Zhou Enlai in 1976 that she returned to the political arena of the Communist Party. In December of that year, at the third meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourth National People's Congress, she was added as the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
Soon thereafter, Deng Yingchao used her early contacts and contacts with the Kuomintang, as well as her network and reputation in the United Front work, to fully take charge of the work of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in Taiwan, and concurrently served as the leader of the newly established " Leading Group of the Central Committee for Taiwan Work ". In 1982, she served as Honorary Chairwoman of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries. From June 1983 to March 1988, she served as Chairwoman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Zhou Bingde, niece of Zhou Enlai with Yingchao, who is sitting in a wheelchair (1992)
In 1987, she served as Honorary Chairwoman of China Population Welfare Foundation. On the same year, when party hard-liners ousted the party's General Secretary, Hu Yaobang, in a campaign against "bourgeois liberalism," it published a 25-year-old speech by Deng. In June 1989, during the Tiananmen Square protests, she supported the leadership's decision to violently suppress the protests.[6]
In October 1990, she resigned as honorary president of the Chinese Nursing Association, due to poor health. In 1991 she served as Honorary Chairwoman of China Society for People's Friendships Studies.
Political positions
Deng promoted the abolition of foot binding imposed on women.
During the Land Reform Movement, Deng emphasized the need to mobilize peasant women to further the agrarian revolution.[7] In a 1947 policy meeting on land reform, she stated that "women function as great mobilizers when they speak bitterness."[8]
Personal life
Deng and Zhou had no children of their own. However, they adopted several orphans of "revolutionary martyrs", including Li Peng, who later became the Premier of the People's Republic of China.
After retiring, Deng Yingchao's body gradually weakened; especially in 1990, she was admitted to the hospital five times because of colds and pneumonia; in August 1991, she began to suffer from renal failure and became unconscious for several times.[9]
At 6:55 am on July 11, 1992, Deng Yingchao died in Beijing Hospital at the age of 88. After cremation, her ashes were scattered in the same place where Zhou Enlai's ashes had been scattered. The official Party evaluation of her is "a great proletarian revolutionary, politician, famous social activist, staunch Marxist, outstanding leader of the party and the country, pioneer of the Chinese women's movement, and highly respected chairman of the Sixth CPPCC"[10]。
There is a memorial hall dedicated to her and her husband in Tianjin (天津周恩來鄧穎超紀念館).
References
^Lv Bicheng: Newspaper Woman, Educator and Buddhist 2015-05-23 at the Wayback Machine, Frank Zhao, 13 January 2014, Women of China, retrieved 11 April 2014
^Mengjia, Yuan. "Reliving the Life Stories of Deng Yingchao and Premier Zhou". Women of China. All-China Women's Federation. Retrieved 4 August 2020.[dead link]
^Long, Simon (12 July 1992). "Obituary: Deng Yingchao". The Independent. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
^Snow, Edgar (1968). Red Star over China. New York: Grove Press. pp. 500–501. ISBN978-0-8021-5093-6.
^ [Deng Yingchao]. 新华网. Archived from the original on 2008-03-21.
^"Deng Yingchao, a Party Leader And Widow of Zhou, Dies at 88". The New York Times. 12 July 1992. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
deng, yingchao, this, chinese, name, family, name, deng, simplified, chinese, 邓颖超, traditional, chinese, 鄧穎超, pinyin, dèng, yǐngchāo, february, 1904, july, 1992, chairwoman, chinese, people, political, consultative, conference, from, 1983, 1988, member, chines. In this Chinese name the family name is Deng Deng Yingchao simplified Chinese 邓颖超 traditional Chinese 鄧穎超 pinyin Deng Yǐngchao 4 February 1904 11 July 1992 was the Chairwoman of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference from 1983 to 1988 a member of the Chinese Communist Party and the wife of the first Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai Deng YingchaoDeng Yingchao as pictured in The Most Recent Biographies of Chinese Dignitaries4th Chairman of the Chinese People s Political Consultative ConferenceIn office 18 June 1983 8 April 1988Preceded byDeng XiaopingSucceeded byLi XiannianSecond Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline InspectionIn office 22 December 1978 11 September 1982Preceded byPost establishedSucceeded byHuang KechengPersonal detailsBorn 1904 02 04 4 February 1904Nanning Guangxi Qing EmpireDied11 July 1992 1992 07 11 aged 88 Beijing People s Republic of ChinaNationalityChinesePolitical partyChinese Communist PartySpouseZhou Enlai m 1925 d 1976 wbr ChildrenSun Weishi adopted daughter Contents 1 Early life 2 Chinese Civil War 3 People s Republic of China 4 Political positions 5 Personal life 6 Death and legacy 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksEarly life Edit Yingchao in her youthWith ancestry in Guangshan County 光山縣 Henan she was born Deng Wenshu 鄧文淑 in Nanning Guangxi Growing up in a poverty stricken family her father died when she was at a young age and her single mother taught and practiced medicine Deng studied at Beiyang Women s Normal School 1 Deng participated as a team leader in the May Fourth Movement where she met Zhou Enlai in 1919 They married on 8 August 1925 in Guangzhou Deng joined the Communist Youth League of China CYL in 1924 and became a member of the Chinese Communist Party CCP in 1925 2 After the White Terror massacres in 1927 Deng worked underground in Shanghai for five years Chinese Civil War Edit Zhou Enlai and YingchaoDeng was one of the few women to survive the Long March 3 However during the Long March she developed pulmonary tuberculosis 4 Chinese premier Zhou Enlai right Yingchao left and adopted daughter Sun WeishiAfter the victory of the Anti Japanese War Deng Yingchao as the only female representative of the Chinese Communist Party attended the first Political Consultative Conference in Chongqing In 1946 she was elected as a council member of the International Democratic Women s Federation In March 1947 she has served as a member of the Rear Working Committee of the CCP Central Committee and acting secretary of the Women s Committee of the CCP Central Committee In June 1949 she was elected as a member of the Preparatory Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference and became a member of the drafting group of the Common Program Later entrusted by Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai she personally went to Shanghai and invited Soong Ching Ling to Beijing to participate in the preparation of the Central People s Government of the People s Republic of China People s Republic of China Edit Yingchao center with Deng Xiaoping left and Soong Ching ling right When the People s Republic of China was founded Deng Yingchao was elected to the National Women s first to the third vice chairman honorary chairman of the Fourth Chinese People s Conseil national children s vice chairman Since the Eighth National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party Deng Yingchao has been a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party but has never held a government position It was not until the death of her husband Zhou Enlai in 1976 that she returned to the political arena of the Communist Party In December of that year at the third meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourth National People s Congress she was added as the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People s Congress In March 1978 after being re elected as the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People s Congress Deng Yingchao served as the second secretary of the newly restored CCP Central Commission for Disciplinary Inspection at the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party that year Co opted as a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee Soon thereafter Deng Yingchao used her early contacts and contacts with the Kuomintang as well as her network and reputation in the United Front work to fully take charge of the work of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in Taiwan and concurrently served as the leader of the newly established Leading Group of the Central Committee for Taiwan Work In 1982 she served as Honorary Chairwoman of the Chinese People s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries From June 1983 to March 1988 she served as Chairwoman of the National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference Zhou Bingde niece of Zhou Enlai with Yingchao who is sitting in a wheelchair 1992 In September 1985 Deng Yingchao voluntarily applied for resignation as a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and in April 1988 after the expiration of the term of the chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference she resigned and recuperated 5 In 1987 she served as Honorary Chairwoman of China Population Welfare Foundation On the same year when party hard liners ousted the party s General Secretary Hu Yaobang in a campaign against bourgeois liberalism it published a 25 year old speech by Deng In June 1989 during the Tiananmen Square protests she supported the leadership s decision to violently suppress the protests 6 In October 1990 she resigned as honorary president of the Chinese Nursing Association due to poor health In 1991 she served as Honorary Chairwoman of China Society for People s Friendships Studies Political positions EditDeng promoted the abolition of foot binding imposed on women During the Land Reform Movement Deng emphasized the need to mobilize peasant women to further the agrarian revolution 7 In a 1947 policy meeting on land reform she stated that women function as great mobilizers when they speak bitterness 8 Personal life EditDeng and Zhou had no children of their own However they adopted several orphans of revolutionary martyrs including Li Peng who later became the Premier of the People s Republic of China Death and legacy Edit Statue of Zhou and Deng in the Memorial to Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao in Tianjin After retiring Deng Yingchao s body gradually weakened especially in 1990 she was admitted to the hospital five times because of colds and pneumonia in August 1991 she began to suffer from renal failure and became unconscious for several times 9 At 6 55 am on July 11 1992 Deng Yingchao died in Beijing Hospital at the age of 88 After cremation her ashes were scattered in the same place where Zhou Enlai s ashes had been scattered The official Party evaluation of her is a great proletarian revolutionary politician famous social activist staunch Marxist outstanding leader of the party and the country pioneer of the Chinese women s movement and highly respected chairman of the Sixth CPPCC 10 There is a memorial hall dedicated to her and her husband in Tianjin 天津周恩來鄧穎超紀念館 References Edit Lv Bicheng Newspaper Woman Educator and Buddhist Archived 2015 05 23 at the Wayback Machine Frank Zhao 13 January 2014 Women of China retrieved 11 April 2014 Mengjia Yuan Reliving the Life Stories of Deng Yingchao and Premier Zhou Women of China All China Women s Federation Retrieved 4 August 2020 dead link Long Simon 12 July 1992 Obituary Deng Yingchao The Independent Retrieved 4 August 2020 Snow Edgar 1968 Red Star over China New York Grove Press pp 500 501 ISBN 978 0 8021 5093 6 邓颖超 Deng Yingchao 新华网 Archived from the original on 2008 03 21 Deng Yingchao a Party Leader And Widow of Zhou Dies at 88 The New York Times 12 July 1992 Retrieved August 6 2020 DeMare Brian James 2019 Land wars the story of China s agrarian revolution Stanford California Stanford University Press p 62 ISBN 978 1 5036 0849 8 OCLC 1048940018 DeMare Brian James 2019 Land wars the story of China s agrarian revolution Stanford California Stanford University Press pp 62 63 ISBN 978 1 5036 0849 8 OCLC 1048940018 赵炜 邓颖超临终前说的最后俩字竟是 李鹏 邓颖超同志光辉战斗的一生 人民网 Archived from the original on 2020 04 28 Retrieved 2020 08 03 Further reading Editde Haan Francisca 2023 The Palgrave Handbook of Communist Women Activists around the World London Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978 3 031 13126 4 External links EditDeng Yingchao a painting and a b w photo Exterior of the Memorial HallHonorary titlesPreceded byNone Wife of the Premier of the People s Republic of China1949 1976 Succeeded byHan ZhijunPolitical officesPreceded byDeng Xiaoping Chairman of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference1983 1988 Succeeded byLi Xiannian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Deng Yingchao amp oldid 1154548216, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
