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Delphinus

January 01, 1970

This article is about the constellation. For other uses, see Delphinus (disambiguation).

Delphinus (Pronounced /dɛlˈfaɪnəs/ or /ˈdɛlfɪnəs/) is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, close to the celestial equator. Its name is the Latin version for the Greek word for dolphin (δελφίς). It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union. It is one of the smaller constellations, ranked 69th in size. Delphinus' five brightest stars form a distinctive asterism symbolizing a dolphin with four stars representing the body and one the tail. It is bordered (clockwise from north) by Vulpecula, Sagitta, Aquila, Aquarius, Equuleus and Pegasus.

Delphinus
Constellation
AbbreviationDel
GenitiveDelphini
Pronunciation/dɛlˈfaɪnəs/ Delfínus, genitive /dɛlˈfaɪnaɪ/
Symbolismdolphin
Right ascension20h 14m 14.1594s to 21h 08m 59.6073s[1]
Declination+2.4021468° to +20.9399471°[1]
QuadrantNQ4
Area189 sq. deg. (69th)
Main stars5
Bayer/Flamsteed
stars		19
Stars with planets5
Stars brighter than 3.00m0
Stars within 10.00 pc (32.62 ly)2
Brightest starRotanev (β Del) (3.63m)
Messier objects0
Meteor showersNone
Bordering
constellations		Vulpecula
Sagitta
Aquila
Aquarius
Equuleus
Pegasus
Visible at latitudes between +90° and −69°.
Best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of September.

Delphinus is a faint constellation with only two stars brighter than an apparent magnitude of 4, Beta Delphini (Rotanev) at magnitude 3.6 and Alpha Delphini (Sualocin) at magnitude 3.8.

Mythology edit

 
Delphinus is depicted on the left of this card from Urania's Mirror (1825)

Delphinus is associated with two stories from Greek mythology.

According to myth, the first Greek god Poseidon wanted to marry Amphitrite, a beautiful nereid. However, wanting to protect her virginity, she fled to the Atlas mountains. Her suitor then sent out several searchers, among them a certain Delphinus. Delphinus accidentally stumbled upon her and was able to persuade Amphitrite to accept Poseidon's wooing. Out of gratitude the god placed the image of a dolphin among the stars.[2]

The second story tells of the Greek poet Arion of Lesbos (7th century BC), who was saved by a dolphin.[3] He was a court musician at the palace of Periander, ruler of Corinth. Arion had amassed a fortune during his travels to Sicily and Italy. On his way home from Tarentum his wealth caused the crew of his ship to conspire against him. Threatened with death, Arion asked to be granted a last wish which the crew granted: he wanted to sing a dirge.[4] This he did, and while doing so, flung himself into the sea. There, he was rescued by a dolphin which had been charmed by Arion's music. The dolphin carried Arion to the coast of Greece and left.[5]

In non-Western astronomy edit

In Chinese astronomy, the stars of Delphinus are located within the Black Tortoise of the North (北方玄武, Běi Fāng Xuán Wǔ).[6]

In Polynesia, two cultures recognized Delphinus as a constellation. In Pukapuka, it was called Te Toloa and in the Tuamotus, it was called Te Uru-o-tiki.[7]

In Hindu astrology, the Delphinus corresponds to the Nakshatra, or lunar mansion, of Dhanishta.

Characteristics edit

Delphinus is bordered by Vulpecula to the north, Sagitta to the northwest, Aquila to the west and southwest, Aquarius to the southeast, Equuleus to the east and Pegasus to the east.[1] Covering 188.5 square degrees, corresponding to 0.457% of the sky, it ranks 69th of the 88 constellations in size.[8] The three-letter abbreviation for the constellation, as adopted by the IAU in 1922, is "Del".[9] The official constellation boundaries, as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a polygon of 14 segments. In the equatorial coordinate system, the right ascension coordinates of these borders lie between 20h 14m 14.1594s and 21h 08m 59.6073s, while the declination coordinates are between +2.4021468° and +20.9399471°.[1] The whole constellation is visible to observers north of latitude 69°S.[8][a]

Features edit

 
The constellation Delphinus as it can be seen by the naked eye
 
Contrast and color enhanced photograph of Delphinus

Stars edit

See also: List of stars in Delphinus

Delphinus has two stars above fourth (apparent) magnitude; its brightest star is of magnitude 3.6. The main asterism in Delphinus is Job's Coffin, nearly a 45°-apex lozenge or diamond of the four brightest stars: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta Delphini. Delphinus is in a rich Milky Way star field. Alpha and Beta Delphini have 19th century names Sualocin and Rotanev, read backwards: Nicolaus Venator, the Latinized name of a Palermo Observatory director, Niccolò Cacciatore (d. 1841).[3]

Alpha Delphini is a blue-white hued main sequence star of magnitude 3.8,[10] 241 light-years from Earth. It is a spectroscopic binary.[11] It is officially named Sualocin.[12][13] The star has an absolute magnitude of -0.4.[14]

Beta Delphini is officially called Rotanev.[12] It was found to be a binary star in 1873.[15] The gap between its close binary stars is visible from large amateur telescopes. To the unaided eye, it appears to be a white star of magnitude 3.6.[16][15] It has a period of 27 years and is 97 light-years from Earth.

Gamma Delphini is a celebrated binary star among amateur astronomers. The primary is orange-gold of magnitude 4.3; the secondary is a light yellow star of magnitude 5.1. The pair form a true binary with an estimated orbital period of over 3,000 years. 125 light-years away, the two components are visible in a small amateur telescope.[3] The secondary, also described as green, is 10 arcseconds from the primary. Struve 2725, called the "Ghost Double", is a pair that appears similar but dimmer. Its components of magnitudes 7.6 and 8.4 are separated by 6 arcseconds and are 15 arcminutes from Gamma Delphini itself.[5] An unconfirmed exoplanet with a minimum mass of 0.7 Jupiter masses may orbit one of the stars.[17][18]

Delta Delphini is a type A-type star[19] of magnitude 4.43.[20] It is a spectroscopic binary, and both stars are Delta Scuti variables.[21]

Epsilon Delphini, Deneb Dulfim (lit. "tail [of the] Dolphin"), or Aldulfin, is a star of stellar class B6 III.[22] Its magnitude is variable at around 4.03.[23][24]

Zeta Delphini, an A3Va[25] main-sequence star of magnitude 4.6, was in 2014 discovered to have a brown dwarf orbiting around it. Zeta Delphini B has a mass of 50±15 MJ.[25]

Animation fading-in of Aquila, Delphinus, Sagitta, and the summer Milky Way as seen in Dark-sky preserve Westhavelland

Rho Aquilae at magnitude 4.94[26] is at about 150 light-years away.[26] Due to its proper motion it has been in the (round-figure parameter) bounds of the constellation since 1992.[27] It is an A-type main sequence star with a lower metallicity than the Sun.[28]

HR Delphini was a nova that brightened to magnitude 3.5 in December 1967.[29] It took an unusually long time for the nova to reach peak brightness which indicate that it barely satisfied the conditions for a thermonuclear runaway.[30] Another nova by the name V339 Delphini was detected in 2013; it peaked at magnitude 4.3 and was the first nova observed to produce lithium.[31][32][33][34]

Musica, also known by its Flamsteed designation 18 Delphini, is one of the five stars with known planets located in Delphinus. It has a spectral type of G6 III.[35] Arion, the planet, is a very dense and massive planet with a mass at least 10.3 times greater than Jupiter.[36] Arion was part of the first NameExoWorlds contest where the public got the opportunity to suggest names for exoplanets and their host stars.[37]

Deep-sky objects edit

Its rich Milky Way star field means many modestly deep-sky objects. NGC 6891 is a planetary nebula of magnitude 10.5; another is NGC 6905 or the Blue Flash Nebula. The Blue Flash Nebula shows broad emission lines. The central star in NGC 6905 has a spectral of WO2, meaning it is rich in oxygen.[38]

NGC 6934 is a globular cluster of magnitude 9.75. It is about 52,000 light-years away from the Solar System.[39] It is in the Shapley-Sawyer Concentration Class VIII[40] and is thought to share a common origin with another globular cluster in Boötes.[41] It has an intermediate metallicity for a globular cluster,[42] but as of 2018 it has been poorly studied.[43] At a distance of about 137,000 light-years,[41] the globular cluster NGC 7006 is at the outer reaches of the galaxy. It is also fairly dim at magnitude 11.5 and is in Class I.[40]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ While parts of the constellation rise above the horizon to observers between 69°S and 87°S, stars within a few degrees of the horizon are practically unobservable.[8]

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d "Delphinus, Constellation Boundary". The Constellations. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  2. ^ Pseudo-Hyginus. "HYGINUS, ASTRONOMICA 2.1-17". Theoi Classical Texts Library. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c Ridpath & Tirion 2017, pp. 140–141.
  4. ^ Herodotus, Histories I.23-24;
    also Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae XVI.19; Plutarch, Conv. sept. sap. 160–62; Shakespeare, Twelfth Night (Act I, Sc 2, line 16)
  5. ^ a b Schaaf, Fred (September 2012). "The Celestial Dolphin". Sky and Telescope. 124 (3): 47. Bibcode:2012S&T...124c..47S.
  6. ^ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 4 日
  7. ^ Makemson 1941, p. 283.
  8. ^ a b c Ridpath, Ian. "Constellations: Andromeda–Indus". Star Tales. Self-published. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  9. ^ Russell, Henry Norris (1922). "The New International Symbols for the Constellations". Popular Astronomy. 30: 469. Bibcode:1922PA.....30..469R.
  10. ^ Oja, T. (1991). "UBV photometry of stars whose positions are accurately known. VI". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 89: 415. Bibcode:1991A&AS...89..415O.
  11. ^ Malkov, O. Yu.; Tamazian, V. S.; Docobo, J. A.; Chulkov, D. A. (2012). "Dynamical masses of a selected sample of orbital binaries". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 546: A69. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A..69M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219774.
  12. ^ a b Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006). A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations (2nd rev. ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Pub. ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7.
  13. ^ "Naming Stars". IAU.org. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  14. ^ Jaschek, C.; Gomez, A. E. (1998). "The absolute magnitude of the early type MK standards from HIPPARCOS parallaxes". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 330: 619. Bibcode:1998A&A...330..619J.
  15. ^ a b Burnham, Robert (1978), Burnham's celestial handbook: an observer's guide to the universe beyond the Solar System, Dover Books on Astronomy, vol. 2 (2nd ed.), Courier Dover Publications, p. 820, ISBN 0-486-23568-8
  16. ^ Davidson, James W. Jr.; et al. (November 2009), "A Photometric Analysis of Seventeen Binary Stars Using Speckle Imaging", The Astronomical Journal, 138 (5): 1354–1364, Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1354D, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/5/1354, S2CID 122194357
  17. ^ Irwin, A. W.; et al. (1999), Hearnshaw, J. B.; Scarfe, C. D. (eds.), "A Program for the Analysis of Long-Period Binaries: The Case of γ Delphini", Precise Stellar Radial Velocities. IAU Colloquium 170, ASP Conference Series #185, vol. 185, p. 297, Bibcode:1999ASPC..185..297I, ISBN 1-58381-011-0
  18. ^ Wittemeyer; et al. (2006). "Detection Limits from the McDonald Observatory Planet Search Program". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (1): 177–188. arXiv:astro-ph/0604171. Bibcode:2006AJ....132..177W. doi:10.1086/504942. S2CID 16755455.
  19. ^ Gray, R. O.; Napier, M. G.; Winkler, L. I. (April 2001), "The Physical Basis of Luminosity Classification in the Late A-, F-, and Early G-Type Stars. I. Precise Spectral Types for 372 Stars", The Astronomical Journal, 121 (4): 2148–2158, Bibcode:2001AJ....121.2148G, doi:10.1086/319956.
  20. ^ Chang, S.-W.; et al. (2013), "Statistical Properties of Galactic δ Scuti Stars: Revisited", The Astronomical Journal, 145 (5): 132, arXiv:1303.1031, Bibcode:2013AJ....145..132C, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/145/5/132, S2CID 118900730.
  21. ^ Liakos, Alexios; Niarchos, Panagiotis (February 2017), "Catalogue and properties of δ Scuti stars in binaries", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 465 (1): 1181–1200, arXiv:1611.00200, Bibcode:2017MNRAS.465.1181L, doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2756.
  22. ^ Lesh, Janet Rountree (December 1968), "The Kinematics of the Gould Belt: an Expanding Group?", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 17: 371, Bibcode:1968ApJS...17..371L, doi:10.1086/190179.
  23. ^ Samus, N. N.; et al. (January 2017), "General Catalogue of Variable Stars", Astronomy Reports, GCVS 5.1, 61 (1): 80–88, Bibcode:2017ARep...61...80S, doi:10.1134/S1063772917010085, S2CID 125853869.
  24. ^ Crawford, D. L.; et al. (1971), "Four-color, H-beta, and UBV photometry for bright B-type stars in the northern hemisphere", The Astronomical Journal, 76: 1058, Bibcode:1971AJ.....76.1058C, doi:10.1086/111220.
  25. ^ a b De Rosa, R. J.; Patience, J.; Ward-Duong, K.; Vigan, A.; Marois, C.; Song, I.; Macintosh, B.; Graham, J. R.; Doyon, R.; Bessell, M. S.; Lai, O.; McCarthy, D. W.; Kulesa, C. (December 2014). "The VAST Survey - IV. A wide brown dwarf companion to the A3V star ζ Delphini". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 445 (4): 3694. arXiv:1410.0005. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.445.3694D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2018. ISSN 0035-8711.
  26. ^ a b Wielen, R.; et al. (1999), "Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions", Veroeffentlichungen des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts Heidelberg, 35 (35), Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg: 1, Bibcode:1999VeARI..35....1W.
  27. ^ Patrick Moore (29 June 2013). The Observer's Year: 366 Nights of the Universe. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 132–. ISBN 978-1-4471-3613-2.
  28. ^ Anders, F.; Khalatyan, A.; Chiappini, C.; Queiroz, A. B.; Santiago, B. X.; Jordi, C.; Girardi, L.; Brown, A. G. A.; Matijevic, G.; Monari, G.; Cantat-Gaudin, T.; Weiler, M.; Khan, S.; Miglio, A.; Carrillo, I.; Romero-Gómez, M.; Minchev, I.; de Jong, R. S.; Antoja, T.; Ramos, P.; Steinmetz, M.; Enke, H. (1 August 2019), "Photo-astrometric distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for Gaia DR2 stars brighter than G = 18", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 628: A94, arXiv:1904.11302, Bibcode:2019A&A...628A..94A, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935765, ISSN 0004-6361, S2CID 131780028.
  29. ^ Isles, J. E. (1974). "HR Delphini (Nova 1967) in 1967 - 71". Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 85: 54–58. Bibcode:1974JBAA...85...54I.
  30. ^ Friedjung, M (17 March 1992). "The unusual nature of nova HR Delphini 1967". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 262 (262): 487. Bibcode:1992A&A...262..487F. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  31. ^ Tajitsu, Akito; Sadakane, Kozo; Naito, Hiroyuki; Arai, Akira; Aoki, Wako (18 February 2015). "Explosive lithium production in the classical nova V339 Del (Nova Delphini 2013)". Nature. 518 (7539): 381–384. arXiv:1502.05598. Bibcode:2015Natur.518..381T. doi:10.1038/nature14161. PMID 25693569. S2CID 205242345.
  32. ^ King, Bob (August 14, 2013). "Bright New Nova In Delphinus — You can See it Tonight With Binoculars". Universe Today (initial designation PNV J20233073+2046041). Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  33. ^ Guido, Ernesto; Ruocco, Nello; Howes, Nick (August 15, 2013). "Possible Bright Nova in Delphinus". Associazione Friulana di Astronomia e Meteorologia. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  34. ^ Masi, Gianluca (August 15, 2013). "Nova Delphini 2013 (formerly PNV J20233073+2046041): images, spectra and maps". Gianluca Masi - Virtual Telescope Project. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  35. ^ Opolski, A. (1957). "The spectrophotometric parallaxes of 42 visual binaries". Arkiv för Astronomi. 2: 55. Bibcode:1957ArA.....2...55O.
  36. ^ Sato, Bun’ei; Izumiura, Hideyuki; Toyota, Eri; Kambe, Eiji; Ikoma, Masahiro; Omiya, Masashi; Masuda, Seiji; Takeda, Yoichi; Murata, Daisuke; Itoh, Yoichi; Ando, Hiroyasu; Yoshida, Michitoshi; Kokubo, Eiichiro; Ida, Shigeru (25 June 2008). "Planetary Companions around Three Intermediate-Mass G and K Giants: 18 Delphini, ξ Aquilae, and HD 81688". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 60 (3): 539–550. arXiv:0802.2590. Bibcode:2008PASJ...60..539S. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.3.539. ISSN 0004-6264.
  37. ^ "International Astronomical Union | IAU". www.iau.org. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  38. ^ Gómez-González, V M A.; Rubio, G.; Toalá, J. A.; Guerrero, M. A.; Sabin, L.; Todt, H.; Gómez-Llanos, V.; Ramos-Larios, G.; Mayya, Y. D. (2022). "Planetary nebulae with Wolf–Rayet-type central stars – III. A detailed view of NGC 6905 and its central star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 509: 974–989. arXiv:2110.09551. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab3042.
  39. ^ Dinescu, Dana I.; et al. (October 2001). "Orbits of Globular Clusters in the Outer Galaxy: NGC 7006". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (4): 1916–1927. arXiv:astro-ph/0106259. Bibcode:2001AJ....122.1916D. doi:10.1086/323094. S2CID 1232455.
  40. ^ a b Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B. (August 1927), "A Classification of Globular Clusters", Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, 849 (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
  41. ^ a b Hessels, J. W. T.; et al. (November 2007), "A 1.4 GHz Arecibo Survey for Pulsars in Globular Clusters", The Astrophysical Journal, 670 (1): 363–378, arXiv:0707.1602, Bibcode:2007ApJ...670..363H, doi:10.1086/521780, S2CID 16914232.
  42. ^ Kaluzny, J.; et al. (March 2001). "Image-Subtraction Photometry of Variable Stars in the Field of the Globular Cluster NGC 6934". The Astronomical Journal. 121 (3): 1533–1550. arXiv:astro-ph/0010303. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.1533K. doi:10.1086/319411. S2CID 14431121.
  43. ^ Marino, A. F.; et al. (June 2018). "Metallicity Variations in the Type II Globular Cluster NGC 6934". The Astrophysical Journal. 859 (2): 20. arXiv:1804.04158. Bibcode:2018ApJ...859...81M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aabdea. S2CID 119461759. 81.

References edit

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Delphinus (constellation).
  • The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Delphinus
  • The clickable Delphinus
  • Star Tales – Delphinus
  • Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (medieval and early modern images of Delphinus)


January 01, 1970
delphinus, this, article, about, constellation, other, uses, disambiguation, pronounced, small, constellation, northern, celestial, hemisphere, close, celestial, equator, name, latin, version, greek, word, dolphin, δελφίς, constellations, listed, century, astr. This article is about the constellation For other uses see Delphinus disambiguation Delphinus Pronounced d ɛ l ˈ f aɪ n e s or ˈ d ɛ l f ɪ n e s is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere close to the celestial equator Its name is the Latin version for the Greek word for dolphin delfis It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union It is one of the smaller constellations ranked 69th in size Delphinus five brightest stars form a distinctive asterism symbolizing a dolphin with four stars representing the body and one the tail It is bordered clockwise from north by Vulpecula Sagitta Aquila Aquarius Equuleus and Pegasus DelphinusConstellationList of stars in DelphinusAbbreviationDelGenitiveDelphiniPronunciation d ɛ l ˈ f aɪ n e s Delfinus genitive d ɛ l ˈ f aɪ n aɪ SymbolismdolphinRight ascension20h 14m 14 1594s to 21h 08m 59 6073s 1 Declination 2 4021468 to 20 9399471 1 QuadrantNQ4Area189 sq deg 69th Main stars5Bayer Flamsteedstars19Stars with planets5Stars brighter than 3 00m0Stars within 10 00 pc 32 62 ly 2Brightest starRotanev b Del 3 63m Messier objects0Meteor showersNoneBorderingconstellationsVulpeculaSagittaAquilaAquariusEquuleusPegasusVisible at latitudes between 90 and 69 Best visible at 21 00 9 p m during the month of September Delphinus is a faint constellation with only two stars brighter than an apparent magnitude of 4 Beta Delphini Rotanev at magnitude 3 6 and Alpha Delphini Sualocin at magnitude 3 8 Contents 1 Mythology 1 1 In non Western astronomy 2 Characteristics 3 Features 3 1 Stars 3 2 Deep sky objects 4 See also 5 Notes 6 Citations 7 References 8 External linksMythology edit nbsp Delphinus is depicted on the left of this card from Urania s Mirror 1825 Delphinus is associated with two stories from Greek mythology According to myth the first Greek god Poseidon wanted to marry Amphitrite a beautiful nereid However wanting to protect her virginity she fled to the Atlas mountains Her suitor then sent out several searchers among them a certain Delphinus Delphinus accidentally stumbled upon her and was able to persuade Amphitrite to accept Poseidon s wooing Out of gratitude the god placed the image of a dolphin among the stars 2 The second story tells of the Greek poet Arion of Lesbos 7th century BC who was saved by a dolphin 3 He was a court musician at the palace of Periander ruler of Corinth Arion had amassed a fortune during his travels to Sicily and Italy On his way home from Tarentum his wealth caused the crew of his ship to conspire against him Threatened with death Arion asked to be granted a last wish which the crew granted he wanted to sing a dirge 4 This he did and while doing so flung himself into the sea There he was rescued by a dolphin which had been charmed by Arion s music The dolphin carried Arion to the coast of Greece and left 5 In non Western astronomy edit In Chinese astronomy the stars of Delphinus are located within the Black Tortoise of the North 北方玄武 Bei Fang Xuan Wǔ 6 In Polynesia two cultures recognized Delphinus as a constellation In Pukapuka it was called Te Toloa and in the Tuamotus it was called Te Uru o tiki 7 In Hindu astrology the Delphinus corresponds to the Nakshatra or lunar mansion of Dhanishta Characteristics editDelphinus is bordered by Vulpecula to the north Sagitta to the northwest Aquila to the west and southwest Aquarius to the southeast Equuleus to the east and Pegasus to the east 1 Covering 188 5 square degrees corresponding to 0 457 of the sky it ranks 69th of the 88 constellations in size 8 The three letter abbreviation for the constellation as adopted by the IAU in 1922 is Del 9 The official constellation boundaries as set by Eugene Delporte in 1930 are defined by a polygon of 14 segments In the equatorial coordinate system the right ascension coordinates of these borders lie between 20h 14m 14 1594s and 21h 08m 59 6073s while the declination coordinates are between 2 4021468 and 20 9399471 1 The whole constellation is visible to observers north of latitude 69 S 8 a Features edit nbsp The constellation Delphinus as it can be seen by the naked eye nbsp Contrast and color enhanced photograph of Delphinus Stars edit See also List of stars in Delphinus Delphinus has two stars above fourth apparent magnitude its brightest star is of magnitude 3 6 The main asterism in Delphinus is Job s Coffin nearly a 45 apex lozenge or diamond of the four brightest stars Alpha Beta Gamma and Delta Delphini Delphinus is in a rich Milky Way star field Alpha and Beta Delphini have 19th century names Sualocin and Rotanev read backwards Nicolaus Venator the Latinized name of a Palermo Observatory director Niccolo Cacciatore d 1841 3 Alpha Delphini is a blue white hued main sequence star of magnitude 3 8 10 241 light years from Earth It is a spectroscopic binary 11 It is officially named Sualocin 12 13 The star has an absolute magnitude of 0 4 14 Beta Delphini is officially called Rotanev 12 It was found to be a binary star in 1873 15 The gap between its close binary stars is visible from large amateur telescopes To the unaided eye it appears to be a white star of magnitude 3 6 16 15 It has a period of 27 years and is 97 light years from Earth Gamma Delphini is a celebrated binary star among amateur astronomers The primary is orange gold of magnitude 4 3 the secondary is a light yellow star of magnitude 5 1 The pair form a true binary with an estimated orbital period of over 3 000 years 125 light years away the two components are visible in a small amateur telescope 3 The secondary also described as green is 10 arcseconds from the primary Struve 2725 called the Ghost Double is a pair that appears similar but dimmer Its components of magnitudes 7 6 and 8 4 are separated by 6 arcseconds and are 15 arcminutes from Gamma Delphini itself 5 An unconfirmed exoplanet with a minimum mass of 0 7 Jupiter masses may orbit one of the stars 17 18 Delta Delphini is a type A type star 19 of magnitude 4 43 20 It is a spectroscopic binary and both stars are Delta Scuti variables 21 Epsilon Delphini Deneb Dulfim lit tail of the Dolphin or Aldulfin is a star of stellar class B6 III 22 Its magnitude is variable at around 4 03 23 24 Zeta Delphini an A3Va 25 main sequence star of magnitude 4 6 was in 2014 discovered to have a brown dwarf orbiting around it Zeta Delphini B has a mass of 50 15 MJ 25 source source source source source source source source Animation fading in of Aquila Delphinus Sagitta and the summer Milky Way as seen in Dark sky preserve Westhavelland Rho Aquilae at magnitude 4 94 26 is at about 150 light years away 26 Due to its proper motion it has been in the round figure parameter bounds of the constellation since 1992 27 It is an A type main sequence star with a lower metallicity than the Sun 28 HR Delphini was a nova that brightened to magnitude 3 5 in December 1967 29 It took an unusually long time for the nova to reach peak brightness which indicate that it barely satisfied the conditions for a thermonuclear runaway 30 Another nova by the name V339 Delphini was detected in 2013 it peaked at magnitude 4 3 and was the first nova observed to produce lithium 31 32 33 34 Musica also known by its Flamsteed designation 18 Delphini is one of the five stars with known planets located in Delphinus It has a spectral type of G6 III 35 Arion the planet is a very dense and massive planet with a mass at least 10 3 times greater than Jupiter 36 Arion was part of the first NameExoWorlds contest where the public got the opportunity to suggest names for exoplanets and their host stars 37 Deep sky objects edit Its rich Milky Way star field means many modestly deep sky objects NGC 6891 is a planetary nebula of magnitude 10 5 another is NGC 6905 or the Blue Flash Nebula The Blue Flash Nebula shows broad emission lines The central star in NGC 6905 has a spectral of WO2 meaning it is rich in oxygen 38 NGC 6934 is a globular cluster of magnitude 9 75 It is about 52 000 light years away from the Solar System 39 It is in the Shapley Sawyer Concentration Class VIII 40 and is thought to share a common origin with another globular cluster in Bootes 41 It has an intermediate metallicity for a globular cluster 42 but as of 2018 it has been poorly studied 43 At a distance of about 137 000 light years 41 the globular cluster NGC 7006 is at the outer reaches of the galaxy It is also fairly dim at magnitude 11 5 and is in Class I 40 See also editDelphinus Chinese astronomy Notes edit While parts of the constellation rise above the horizon to observers between 69 S and 87 S stars within a few degrees of the horizon are practically unobservable 8 Citations edit a b c d Delphinus Constellation Boundary The Constellations International Astronomical Union Retrieved 15 July 2020 Pseudo Hyginus HYGINUS ASTRONOMICA 2 1 17 Theoi Classical Texts Library Retrieved June 26 2017 a b c Ridpath amp Tirion 2017 pp 140 141 Herodotus Histories I 23 24 also Aulus Gellius Noctes Atticae XVI 19 Plutarch Conv sept sap 160 62 Shakespeare Twelfth Night Act I Sc 2 line 16 a b Schaaf Fred September 2012 The Celestial Dolphin Sky and Telescope 124 3 47 Bibcode 2012S amp T 124c 47S in Chinese AEEA Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 4 日 Makemson 1941 p 283 a b c Ridpath Ian Constellations Andromeda Indus Star Tales Self published Retrieved 4 March 2016 Russell Henry Norris 1922 The New International Symbols for the Constellations Popular Astronomy 30 469 Bibcode 1922PA 30 469R Oja T 1991 UBV photometry of stars whose positions are accurately known VI Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 89 415 Bibcode 1991A amp AS 89 415O Malkov O Yu Tamazian V S Docobo J A Chulkov D A 2012 Dynamical masses of a selected sample of orbital binaries Astronomy amp Astrophysics 546 A69 Bibcode 2012A amp A 546A 69M doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201219774 a b Kunitzsch Paul Smart Tim 2006 A Dictionary of Modern star Names A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations 2nd rev ed Cambridge Massachusetts Sky Pub ISBN 978 1 931559 44 7 Naming Stars IAU org Retrieved 16 December 2017 Jaschek C Gomez A E 1998 The absolute magnitude of the early type MK standards from HIPPARCOS parallaxes Astronomy and Astrophysics 330 619 Bibcode 1998A amp A 330 619J a b Burnham Robert 1978 Burnham s celestial handbook an observer s guide to the universe beyond the Solar System Dover Books on Astronomy vol 2 2nd ed Courier Dover Publications p 820 ISBN 0 486 23568 8 Davidson James W Jr et al November 2009 A Photometric Analysis of Seventeen Binary Stars Using Speckle Imaging The Astronomical Journal 138 5 1354 1364 Bibcode 2009AJ 138 1354D doi 10 1088 0004 6256 138 5 1354 S2CID 122194357 Irwin A W et al 1999 Hearnshaw J B Scarfe C D eds A Program for the Analysis of Long Period Binaries The Case of g Delphini Precise Stellar Radial Velocities IAU Colloquium 170 ASP Conference Series 185 vol 185 p 297 Bibcode 1999ASPC 185 297I ISBN 1 58381 011 0 Wittemeyer et al 2006 Detection Limits from the McDonald Observatory Planet Search Program The Astronomical Journal 132 1 177 188 arXiv astro ph 0604171 Bibcode 2006AJ 132 177W doi 10 1086 504942 S2CID 16755455 Gray R O Napier M G Winkler L I April 2001 The Physical Basis of Luminosity Classification in the Late A F and Early G Type Stars I Precise Spectral Types for 372 Stars The Astronomical Journal 121 4 2148 2158 Bibcode 2001AJ 121 2148G doi 10 1086 319956 Chang S W et al 2013 Statistical Properties of Galactic d Scuti Stars Revisited The Astronomical Journal 145 5 132 arXiv 1303 1031 Bibcode 2013AJ 145 132C doi 10 1088 0004 6256 145 5 132 S2CID 118900730 Liakos Alexios Niarchos Panagiotis February 2017 Catalogue and properties of d Scuti stars in binaries Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 465 1 1181 1200 arXiv 1611 00200 Bibcode 2017MNRAS 465 1181L doi 10 1093 mnras stw2756 Lesh Janet Rountree December 1968 The Kinematics of the Gould Belt an Expanding Group Astrophysical Journal Supplement 17 371 Bibcode 1968ApJS 17 371L doi 10 1086 190179 Samus N N et al January 2017 General Catalogue of Variable Stars Astronomy Reports GCVS 5 1 61 1 80 88 Bibcode 2017ARep 61 80S doi 10 1134 S1063772917010085 S2CID 125853869 Crawford D L et al 1971 Four color H beta and UBV photometry for bright B type stars in the northern hemisphere The Astronomical Journal 76 1058 Bibcode 1971AJ 76 1058C doi 10 1086 111220 a b De Rosa R J Patience J Ward Duong K Vigan A Marois C Song I Macintosh B Graham J R Doyon R Bessell M S Lai O McCarthy D W Kulesa C December 2014 The VAST Survey IV A wide brown dwarf companion to the A3V star z Delphini Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 445 4 3694 arXiv 1410 0005 Bibcode 2014MNRAS 445 3694D doi 10 1093 mnras stu2018 ISSN 0035 8711 a b Wielen R et al 1999 Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars FK6 Part I Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions Veroeffentlichungen des Astronomischen Rechen Instituts Heidelberg 35 35 Astronomisches Rechen Institut Heidelberg 1 Bibcode 1999VeARI 35 1W Patrick Moore 29 June 2013 The Observer s Year 366 Nights of the Universe Springer Science amp Business Media pp 132 ISBN 978 1 4471 3613 2 Anders F Khalatyan A Chiappini C Queiroz A B Santiago B X Jordi C Girardi L Brown A G A Matijevic G Monari G Cantat Gaudin T Weiler M Khan S Miglio A Carrillo I Romero Gomez M Minchev I de Jong R S Antoja T Ramos P Steinmetz M Enke H 1 August 2019 Photo astrometric distances extinctions and astrophysical parameters for Gaia DR2 stars brighter than G 18 Astronomy and Astrophysics 628 A94 arXiv 1904 11302 Bibcode 2019A amp A 628A 94A doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201935765 ISSN 0004 6361 S2CID 131780028 Isles J E 1974 HR Delphini Nova 1967 in 1967 71 Journal of the British Astronomical Association 85 54 58 Bibcode 1974JBAA 85 54I Friedjung M 17 March 1992 The unusual nature of nova HR Delphini 1967 Astronomy amp Astrophysics 262 262 487 Bibcode 1992A amp A 262 487F Retrieved 19 July 2020 Tajitsu Akito Sadakane Kozo Naito Hiroyuki Arai Akira Aoki Wako 18 February 2015 Explosive lithium production in the classical nova V339 Del Nova Delphini 2013 Nature 518 7539 381 384 arXiv 1502 05598 Bibcode 2015Natur 518 381T doi 10 1038 nature14161 PMID 25693569 S2CID 205242345 King Bob August 14 2013 Bright New Nova In Delphinus You can See it Tonight With Binoculars Universe Today initial designation PNV J20233073 2046041 Retrieved August 15 2013 Guido Ernesto Ruocco Nello Howes Nick August 15 2013 Possible Bright Nova in Delphinus Associazione Friulana di Astronomia e Meteorologia Retrieved August 15 2013 Masi Gianluca August 15 2013 Nova Delphini 2013 formerly PNV J20233073 2046041 images spectra and maps Gianluca Masi Virtual Telescope Project Retrieved August 15 2013 Opolski A 1957 The spectrophotometric parallaxes of 42 visual binaries Arkiv for Astronomi 2 55 Bibcode 1957ArA 2 55O Sato Bun ei Izumiura Hideyuki Toyota Eri Kambe Eiji Ikoma Masahiro Omiya Masashi Masuda Seiji Takeda Yoichi Murata Daisuke Itoh Yoichi Ando Hiroyasu Yoshida Michitoshi Kokubo Eiichiro Ida Shigeru 25 June 2008 Planetary Companions around Three Intermediate Mass G and K Giants 18 Delphini 3 Aquilae and HD 81688 Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 60 3 539 550 arXiv 0802 2590 Bibcode 2008PASJ 60 539S doi 10 1093 pasj 60 3 539 ISSN 0004 6264 International Astronomical Union IAU www iau org Retrieved 19 July 2020 Gomez Gonzalez V M A Rubio G Toala J A Guerrero M A Sabin L Todt H Gomez Llanos V Ramos Larios G Mayya Y D 2022 Planetary nebulae with Wolf Rayet type central stars III A detailed view of NGC 6905 and its central star Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509 974 989 arXiv 2110 09551 doi 10 1093 mnras stab3042 Dinescu Dana I et al October 2001 Orbits of Globular Clusters in the Outer Galaxy NGC 7006 The Astronomical Journal 122 4 1916 1927 arXiv astro ph 0106259 Bibcode 2001AJ 122 1916D doi 10 1086 323094 S2CID 1232455 a b Shapley Harlow Sawyer Helen B August 1927 A Classification of Globular Clusters Harvard College Observatory Bulletin 849 849 11 14 Bibcode 1927BHarO 849 11S a b Hessels J W T et al November 2007 A 1 4 GHz Arecibo Survey for Pulsars in Globular Clusters The Astrophysical Journal 670 1 363 378 arXiv 0707 1602 Bibcode 2007ApJ 670 363H doi 10 1086 521780 S2CID 16914232 Kaluzny J et al March 2001 Image Subtraction Photometry of Variable Stars in the Field of the Globular Cluster NGC 6934 The Astronomical Journal 121 3 1533 1550 arXiv astro ph 0010303 Bibcode 2001AJ 121 1533K doi 10 1086 319411 S2CID 14431121 Marino A F et al June 2018 Metallicity Variations in the Type II Globular Cluster NGC 6934 The Astrophysical Journal 859 2 20 arXiv 1804 04158 Bibcode 2018ApJ 859 81M doi 10 3847 1538 4357 aabdea S2CID 119461759 81 References editMakemson Maud Worcester 1941 The Morning Star Rises an account of Polynesian astronomy Yale University Press Bibcode 1941msra book M Ridpath Ian Tirion Wil 2017 Stars and planets guide London Collins ISBN 978 0 00 823927 5 Princeton University Press Princeton ISBN 978 0 691 17788 5 University of Wisconsin Delphinus Archived 2016 03 07 at the Wayback MachineExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Delphinus constellation The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations Delphinus The clickable Delphinus Star Tales Delphinus Warburg Institute Iconographic Database medieval and early modern images of Delphinus Portals nbsp Astronomy nbsp Stars nbsp Spaceflight nbsp Outer space nbsp Solar System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Delphinus amp oldid 1222045589, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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