Deaths of United States federal judges in active service
Deaths of United States federal judges in active service have profound political and procedural effects. Due to their implications for the political composition of the courts on which they serve, they can result in unexpected political conflicts regarding appointments to fill those seats. Such incidences can also disrupt the operations of the court with respect to active cases assigned to the deceased judge, and with opinions written by the deceased judge but not yet distributed. Historically, the rate of judges dying in active service was highest in the early days of the country, but declined sharply as lifespans increased, and as various legislation was introduced first allowing retiring judges to collect a pension, and later allowing judges to transition from active service to senior status, continuing to do judicial work in a semi-retired state.
Background edit
While Article Three of the United States Constitution provides that "Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour", thereby securing lifetime appointments, in practice a substantial majority of federal judges have resigned, retired, or otherwise left active service prior to their death.[1] In Federalist No. 79, Alexander Hamilton, advocating for lifetime judicial appointments rather than a set retirement age, suggested that the people should "consider how few there are who outlive the season of intellectual vigor, and how improbable it is that any considerable portion of the bench, whether more or less numerous, should be in such a situation at the same time".[2] A majority of federal judges who died in office in the 18th and 19th centuries died before reaching the age of 65, with several dying in their 30s. As one source has noted, "given what we now know about health and ageing, it must have been uncommon then for old age to impact adversely on the performance of a federal judge's official duties. However, as the epidemiological transition took root, and as life expectancy in the United States lengthened, early death provided a dwindling solution to age-related declined in mental capacity. Instead, the judicial system had to place greater reliance on the discretion of federal judges to retire at an appropriate point in their careers".[3] Concerns about the capacity of aging judges were often dealt with informally; for example, Supreme Court Justice George Shiras Jr. recounted having once been part of a committee "sent to suggest to an aged judge that he had remained in service too long".[4]
The Judiciary Act of 1869 allowed judges to receive a pension upon retirement, and beginning in 1919, the retirement of judges from active duty was further facilitated by legislation creating senior status, in which a judge could retire from full-time service while continuing to receive full pay for engaging in a lighter amount of work.[5] Historically, judges have often sought to time their retirement from the bench so that their replacement can be named by a president of the same political party; the death of a judge in office therefore presents a situation where this timing is out of the judge's control.[1]
Political consequences edit
Due to the unpredictability of such circumstances, deaths of judges in active service are more likely to lead to judicial appointment controversies (where one party resists the confirmation of a judge appointed by a president of the other party); such deaths occasionally change the structure of the court itself, as legislators may seek to avoid changing the balance of a particular court by abolishing the seat vacated by the death. These issues have most widely been reported in the popular media with respect to justices of the Supreme Court of the United States,[6][7][8] but have also been reported with respect to judges of lower courts.[9][10]
At the district court level, for example, Republicans were able to scuttle of the nomination by Democrat Jimmy Carter of recess appointment Walter Heen to replace Republican Gerald Ford-appointee Dick Yin Wong on the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii. Wong had died in 1978, and Republicans argued that there had always been Republican representation in the District. The seat was ultimately filled by Republican Ronald Reagan, who appointed Harold Fong.[10]
Logistical consequences edit
Judges preparing to retire generally wind down the active cases over which they are presiding, or make preparations for the reassignment of these cases to other judges. Unlike planned retirements, deaths of judges can disrupt these active cases, necessitating redistribution of the court's docket to accommodate the handling of previously scheduled proceedings. The Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, in particular, provide for the reassignment of cases where the presiding judge has died during a criminal trial.[11]
In 2019, the Supreme Court ruled that where a judge serving on a panel died after voting on the outcome of a case, but before the decision was announced, the vote of the deceased judge could no longer be counted. The Court noted that "[f]ederal judges are appointed for life, not for eternity".[12] Traditionally, law clerks of the deceased judge may be reassigned to other judges on the same court, or may be held over in chambers to work for the successor appointed to replace the deceased judge, although there is no legal requirement or guarantee that they be retained.[13] Legislation provides for a survivor's annuity to benefit the widow, widower or minor child of a judge who dies while in service, which may be purchased via a deduction of 2.2% to 3.5% from the retirement benefit.[14]
Lists edit
The following are lists of United States Article Three federal judges who died while in active service from 1789 to the present day.[15] In some cases, judges have been appointed to one court, and then reassigned by operation of law to another court when the original court is subdivided, merged, or otherwise reconfigured. In other cases, judges initially appointed to one court have later been elevated to a higher court. This list indicates only the placement of the judge at the time of their death. For judges nominated by different presidents to different judicial offices, the list indicates only the last president to successfully nominate them to a judicial office.
1789–1869 edit
98 United States federal judges died in office between the establishment of the federal judiciary with the Judiciary Act of 1789 and the enactment of the Judiciary Act of 1869, which provided for pensions for retiring federal judges, making it easier for them to depart the bench before death.
Judge | Appointing president | Court | Date of birth | Confirmation date | Date of death and age | Successor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
William Drayton Sr. | Washington | D.S.C. | March 21, 1732 | February 10, 1790 | May 18, 1790 | (aged 58)Thomas Bee |
David Brearley | Washington | D.N.J. | June 11, 1745 | September 26, 1789 | August 16, 1790 | (aged 45)Robert Morris |
John Stokes | Washington | D.N.C. | March 20, 1756 | August 3, 1790 | October 12, 1790 | (aged 34)John Sitgreaves |
Francis Hopkinson | Washington | D. Penn. | September 21, 1737 | September 26, 1789 | May 9, 1791 | (aged 53)William Lewis |
John Sullivan | Washington | D.N.H. | February 17, 1740 | September 26, 1789 | January 23, 1795 | (aged 54)John Pickering |
Henry Marchant | Washington | D.R.I. | April 9, 1741 | July 3, 1790 | August 30, 1796 | (aged 55)Benjamin Bourne |
James Wilson | Washington | Sup. Ct. | September 14, 1742 | September 29, 1789 | August 21, 1798 | (aged 55)Bushrod Washington |
William Paca | Washington | D. Md. | October 31, 1740 | February 10, 1790 | October 13, 1799 | (aged 58)James Winchester |
James Iredell | Washington | Sup. Ct. | October 5, 1751 | February 10, 1790 | October 20, 1799 | (aged 48)Alfred Moore |
John Sitgreaves | Washington | D.N.C. | 1757 | December 20, 1790 | February 13, 1801 | (aged 43–44)Henry Potter |
John Lowell | J. Adams | 1st Cir. | June 17, 1743 | February 20, 1801 | May 6, 1802 | (aged 58)Seat abolished |
John Sloss Hobart | J. Adams | D.N.Y. | May 6, 1738 | April 12, 1798 | February 4, 1805 | (aged 66)Matthias B. Tallmadge |
Richard Law | Washington | D. Conn. | March 7, 1733 | September 26, 1789 | January 26, 1806 | (aged 72)Pierpont Edwards |
James Winchester | J. Adams | D. Md. | September 13, 1772 | December 10, 1799 | April 5, 1806 | (aged 33)James Houston |
William Paterson | Washington | Sup. Ct. | December 24, 1745 | March 4, 1793 | September 9, 1806 | (aged 60)Henry Livingston |
Allen Bowie Duckett | Jefferson | D.C. Cir. | 1775 | March 17, 1806 | July 19, 1809 | (aged 33–34)Buckner Thruston |
William Cushing | Washington | Sup. Ct. | March 1, 1732 | September 27, 1789 | September 13, 1810 | (aged 78)Joseph Story |
Cyrus Griffin | Washington | D. Va. | July 16, 1748 | February 10, 1790 | December 14, 1810 | (aged 62)John Tyler Sr. |
Samuel Chase | Washington | Sup. Ct. | April 17, 1741 | January 27, 1796 | June 19, 1811 | (aged 70)Gabriel Duvall |
Thomas Bee | Washington | D.S.C. | 1739 | June 14, 1790 | February 18, 1812 | (aged 72–73)John Drayton |
Gunning Bedford Jr. | Washington | D. Del. | 1747 | September 26, 1789 | March 30, 1812 | (aged 64–65)John Fisher |
David L. Barnes | Jefferson | D.R.I. | January 28, 1760 | January 26, 1802 | November 3, 1812 | (aged 52)David Howell |
John Tyler Sr. | Madison | D. Va. | February 28, 1747 | January 7, 1811 | January 6, 1813 | (aged 65)St. George Tucker |
Nicholas Battalle Fitzhugh | Jefferson | D.C. Cir. | May 10, 1764 | November 25, 1803 | December 31, 1814 | (aged 50)James Sewall Morsell |
Robert Morris | Washington | D.N.J. | 1745 | December 20, 1790 | June 2, 1815 | (aged 69–70)William Sanford Pennington |
Harry Innes | Washington | D. Ky. | January 4, 1752 | September 26, 1789 | September 20, 1816 | (aged 64)Robert Trimble |
James Houston | Jefferson | D. Md. | October 10, 1767 | April 21, 1806 | June 8, 1819 | (aged 51)Theodorick Bland |
Dominic Augustin Hall | Madison | D. La. | January 1, 1765 | June 1, 1813 | December 19, 1820 | (aged 55)John Dick |
John Drayton | Madison | D.S.C. | June 22, 1766 | May 7, 1812 | November 27, 1822 | (aged 56)Thomas Lee |
Henry Brockholst Livingston | Jefferson | Sup. Ct. | November 25, 1757 | January 16, 1807 | March 18, 1823 | (aged 65)Smith Thompson |
William Bayard Shields | Monroe | D. Miss. | 1780 | April 20, 1818 | April 18, 1823 | (aged 42–43)Peter Randolph |
Jonathan Hoge Walker | Monroe | W.D. Pa. | July 20, 1754 | April 20, 1818 | March 23, 1824 | (aged 69)William Wilkins |
John G. Jackson | Monroe | W.D. Va. | September 22, 1777 | February 24, 1819 | March 28, 1825 | (aged 47)Philip C. Pendleton |
Roger Skinner | Monroe | N.D.N.Y. | June 1, 1773 | January 5, 1820 | August 19, 1825 | (aged 52)Alfred Conkling |
Thomas Todd | Jefferson | Sup. Ct. | January 23, 1765 | March 3, 1807 | February 7, 1826 | (aged 61)Robert Trimble |
William P. Van Ness | Madison | S.D.N.Y. | February 13, 1778 | May 27, 1812 | September 6, 1826 | (aged 48)Samuel Betts |
Richard Peters | Washington | E.D. Pa. | June 22, 1744 | April 20, 1818 | August 22, 1828 | (aged 84)Joseph Hopkinson |
Charles Willing Byrd | Jefferson | D. Ohio | July 26, 1770 | March 3, 1803 | August 25, 1828 | (aged 58)William Creighton Jr. |
Robert Trimble | J. Q. Adams | Sup. Ct. | November 17, 1776 | May 9, 1826 | August 25, 1828 | (aged 51)John McLean |
Thomas B. Robertson | Monroe | W.D. La. E.D. La. | February 27, 1779 | May 26, 1824 | October 5, 1828 | (aged 49)Samuel Hadden Harper |
John S. Sherburne | Jefferson | D.N.H. | 1757 | March 26, 1804 | August 2, 1830 | (aged 72–73)Matthew Harvey |
George Hay | J. Q. Adams | E.D. Va. | December 17, 1765 | March 31, 1826 | September 21, 1830 | (aged 64)Philip P. Barbour |
John Wilson Campbell | Jackson | D. Ohio | February 23, 1782 | March 7, 1829 | September 24, 1833 | (aged 51)Benjamin Tappan |
John Boyle | J. Q. Adams | D. Ky. | October 28, 1774 | January 28, 1834 | January 28, 1834 | (aged 59)Thomas Bell Monroe |
William Johnson | Jefferson | Sup. Ct. | December 27, 1771 | May 7, 1804 | August 4, 1834 | (aged 62)James M. Wayne |
John Marshall | Adams | Sup. Ct. | September 24, 1755 | February 4, 1801 | July 6, 1835 | (aged 79)Roger B. Taney |
Benjamin Parke | Monroe | D. Ind. | September 2, 1777 | March 6, 1817 | July 12, 1835 | (aged 57)Jesse Lynch Holman |
William Bristol | J. Q. Adams | D. Conn. | June 2, 1779 | May 22, 1826 | March 7, 1836 | (aged 56)Andrew T. Judson |
James H. Peck | Monroe | D. Mo. | January 12, 1790 | April 5, 1822 | April 29, 1836 | (aged 46)Robert William Wells |
Samuel Hadden Harper | Jackson | W.D. La. E.D. La. | 1783 | March 7, 1829 | July 19, 1837 | (aged 53–54)Philip Kissick Lawrence |
Alexander Caldwell | J. Q. Adams | W.D. Va. | July 20, 1754 | January 3, 1826 | April 8, 1839 | (aged 64)Isaac S. Pennybacker |
Jeremiah La Touche Cuyler | Monroe | D. Ga. | June 4, 1768 | January 10, 1822 | May 7, 1839 | (aged 70)John Cochran Nicoll |
Thomas Lee | Monroe | D.S.C. | December 1, 1769 | February 17, 1823 | October 24, 1839 | (aged 69)Robert Budd Gilchrist |
William Rossell | J. Q. Adams | D.N.J. | November 12, 1770 | December 19, 1826 | June 20, 1840 | (aged 79)Mahlon Dickerson |
Joseph Hopkinson | J. Q. Adams | E.D. Pa. | November 12, 1770 | February 23, 1829 | January 15, 1842 | (aged 71)Archibald Randall |
Jesse Lynch Holman | Jackson | D. Ind. | October 24, 1784 | March 29, 1836 | March 14, 1842 | (aged 57)Elisha Mills Huntington |
Smith Thompson | Monroe | Sup. Ct. | January 17, 1768 | December 9, 1823 | December 18, 1843 | (aged 75)Samuel Nelson |
Henry Baldwin | Jackson | Sup. Ct. | January 14, 1780 | January 18, 1830 | April 21, 1844 | (aged 64)Robert Cooper Grier |
Buckner Thruston | Madison | D.C. Cir. | February 9, 1763 | December 14, 1809 | August 30, 1845 | (aged 82)James Dunlop |
Joseph Story | Madison | Sup. Ct. | September 18, 1779 | November 18, 1811 | September 10, 1845 | (aged 65)Levi Woodbury |
Archibald Randall | Tyler | E.D. Pa. | May 24, 1797 | March 8, 1842 | June 8, 1846 | (aged 49)John K. Kane |
William Crawford | J. Q. Adams | M.D. Ala. | 1784 | February 6, 1839 | February 28, 1849 | (aged 65)John Gayle |
Benjamin Johnson | Jackson | D. Ark. | January 22, 1784 | June 29, 1836 | October 2, 1849 | (aged 65)Daniel Ringo |
Nathaniel Pope | Monroe | D. Ill. | January 5, 1784 | March 3, 1819 | January 23, 1850 | (aged 66)Thomas Drummond |
Levi Woodbury | Polk | Sup. Ct. | December 22, 1789 | January 3, 1846 | September 4, 1851 | (aged 61)Benjamin Robbins Curtis |
James McHall Jones | Fillmore | S.D. Cal. | December 31, 1823 | December 26, 1850 | December 15, 1851 | (aged 27)Seat abolished |
Upton Scott Heath | Jackson | D. Md. | October 10, 1784 | April 4, 1836 | February 21, 1852 | (aged 67)John Glenn |
John McKinley | Van Buren | Sup. Ct. | May 1, 1780 | September 25, 1837 | July 19, 1852 | (aged 72)John Archibald Campbell |
Morgan Welles Brown | Jackson | M.D. Tenn. | 1800 | June 18, 1839 | March 7, 1853 | (aged 52–53)West Hughes Humphreys |
Andrew T. Judson | Jackson | D. Conn. | November 29, 1784 | July 4, 1836 | March 17, 1853 | (aged 68)Charles A. Ingersoll |
John Glenn | Fillmore | D. Md. | October 9, 1795 | March 19, 1852 | July 8, 1853 | (aged 57)William Fell Giles |
Isaac H. Bronson | Polk | N.D. Fla. | October 16, 1802 | February 23, 1847 | August 13, 1855 | (aged 52)McQueen McIntosh |
William Cranch | Jefferson | D.C. Cir. | July 17, 1769 | February 24, 1806 | September 1, 1855 | (aged 86)James Dunlop |
John James Dyer | Polk | D. Iowa | July 26, 1809 | March 3, 1847 | September 14, 1855 | (aged 46)James M. Love |
Robert Budd Gilchrist | Van Buren | D.S.C. | September 28, 1796 | February 17, 1840 | May 1, 1856 | (aged 59)Andrew Gordon Magrath |
Samuel Prentiss | Tyler | D. Vt. | March 31, 1782 | April 8, 1842 | January 15, 1857 | (aged 74)David Allen Smalley |
Henry Potter | Jefferson | D.N.C. | January 5, 1766 | April 7, 1802 | December 20, 1857 | (aged 91)Asa Biggs |
John K. Kane | Polk | E.D. Pa. | May 16, 1795 | June 17, 1846 | February 21, 1858 | (aged 62)John Cadwalader |
John Gayle | Taylor | M.D. Ala. N.D. Ala. S.D. Ala. | September 11, 1792 | March 13, 1849 | July 21, 1859 | (aged 66)William Giles Jones |
Charles A. Ingersoll | Pierce | D. Conn. | October 19, 1798 | April 8, 1853 | January 12, 1860 | (aged 61)William Davis Shipman |
Peter V. Daniel | Van Buren | Sup. Ct. | April 24, 1784 | March 3, 1841 | May 31, 1860 | (aged 76)Samuel Freeman Miller |
John McLean | Jackson | Sup. Ct. | March 11, 1785 | March 7, 1829 | April 4, 1861 | (aged 76)Noah Haynes Swayne |
Isaac Stockton Keith Ogier | Pierce | S.D. Cal. | July 27, 1819 | January 23, 1854 | May 21, 1861 | (aged 41)Fletcher Mathews Haight |
Elisha Mills Huntington | Tyler | D. Ind. | March 29, 1806 | May 2, 1842 | October 26, 1862 | (aged 56)Caleb Blood Smith |
Philemon Dickerson | Van Buren | D.N.J. | January 11, 1788 | March 2, 1841 | December 10, 1862 | (aged 74)Richard Stockton Field |
Albert Smith White | Lincoln | D. Ind. | October 24, 1803 | January 18, 1864 | September 4, 1864 | (aged 60)David McDonald |
Robert William Wells | Jackson | D. Mo. W.D. Mo. | November 29, 1795 | June 27, 1836 | September 22, 1864 | (aged 68)Arnold Krekel |
Archibald Williams | Lincoln | D. Kan. | June 10, 1801 | March 12, 1861 | September 21, 1863 | (aged 62)Mark W. Delahay |
George Washington Lane | Lincoln | M.D. Ala. N.D. Ala. S.D. Ala. | 1806 | March 28, 1861 | November 12, 1863 | (aged 57)Richard Busteed |
Roger B. Taney | Jackson | Sup. Ct. | March 17, 1777 | March 15, 1836 | October 12, 1864 | (aged 87)Salmon P. Chase |
John Pitman | Monroe | D.R.I | February 23, 1785 | January 3, 1825 | November 17, 1864 | (aged 79)J. Russell Bullock |
John Catron | Jackson | Sup. Ct. | January 7, 1786 | March 8, 1837 | May 30, 1865 | (aged 79)Seat abolished |
Fletcher Mathews Haight | Lincoln | S.D. Cal. | November 28, 1799 | August 5, 1861 | February 23, 1866 | (aged 66)Seat abolished |
Matthew Harvey | Jackson | D.N.H. | June 21, 1781 | December 16, 1830 | April 7, 1866 | (aged 84)Daniel Clark |
Hiram V. Willson | Pierce | N.D. Ohio | April 1808 | February 20, 1855 | November 11, 1866 | (aged 58)Charles Taylor Sherman |
James M. Wayne | Jackson | Sup. Ct. | 1790 | January 9, 1835 | July 5, 1867 | (aged 76–77)Seat abolished |
David McDonald | Lincoln | D. Ind. | May 8, 1803 | December 13, 1864 | August 25, 1869 | (aged 66)Walter Q. Gresham |
Alexander W. Baldwin | Lincoln | D. Nev. | June 1, 1836 | March 11, 1865 | November 14, 1869 | (aged 33)Edgar Winters Hillyer |
1870–1919 edit
127 United States federal judges died in office between the enactment of the Judiciary Act of 1869, providing for pensions for retiring federal judges, and the enactment of legislation in 1919 allowing judges to serve in senior status. During this period the number of federal judgeships was substantially increased with the admission of new states to the union, and with the establishment of the United States courts of appeals by the Judiciary Act of 1891. In the same period, the two-party divide between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party became firmly established, with the appointment of judges developing as a point of contention between the two parties.
Judge | Appointing president | Court | Date of birth | Confirmation date | Date of death and age | Successor | Change of party |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andrew G. Miller | Polk | D. Wisc. | September 18, 1801 | June 12, 1848 | June 30, 1870 | (aged 68)James Henry Howe | D → R |
John McKinney | Grant | S.D. Fla. | 1829 | February 18, 1871 | October 12, 1871 | (aged 41–42)James William Locke | No |
John Curtiss Underwood | Lincoln | E.D. Va. | March 14, 1809 | June 11, 1864 | December 7, 1873 | (aged 64)Robert William Hughes | No |
Nathan K. Hall | Fillmore | N.D.N.Y. | March 28, 1810 | August 31, 1852 | March 2, 1874 | (aged 63)William James Wallace | W → R |
John W. Longyear | Grant | E.D. Mich. | October 22, 1820 | February 18, 1870 | March 10, 1875 | (aged 54)Henry Billings Brown | No |
Lewis Bartholomew Woodruff | Grant | 2d Cir. | June 19, 1809 | December 22, 1869 | September 10, 1875 | (aged 66)Alexander S. Johnson | No |
Philip Fraser | Lincoln | N.D. Fla. | January 27, 1814 | July 17, 1862 | July 26, 1876 | (aged 62)Thomas Settle | No |
David Allen Smalley | Pierce | D. Vt. | April 6, 1809 | February 3, 1857 | March 10, 1877 | (aged 67)Hoyt Henry Wheeler | D → R |
Halmor Hull Emmons | Grant | 6th Cir. | November 22, 1814 | January 17, 1870 | May 14, 1877 | (aged 62)John Baxter | No |
James C. Hopkins | Grant | W.D. Wisc. | April 27, 1819 | July 9, 1870 | September 3, 1877 | (aged 58)Romanzo Bunn | No |
Alexander S. Johnson | Grant | 2d Cir. | July 30, 1817 | December 15, 1875 | January 26, 1878 | (aged 60)Samuel Blatchford | No |
George Foster Shepley | Grant | 1st Cir. | January 1, 1819 | December 22, 1869 | July 20, 1878 | (aged 59)John Lowell | No |
John Cadwalader | Buchanan | E.D. Pa. | April 1, 1805 | April 24, 1858 | January 26, 1879 | (aged 73)William Butler | D → R |
William Fell Giles | Pierce | D. Md. | April 8, 1807 | January 11, 1854 | March 21, 1879 | (aged 71)Thomas John Morris | D → R |
David Campbell Humphreys | Grant | D.D.C. | November 9, 1817 | May 13, 1870 | July 2, 1879 | (aged 61)Charles Pinckney James | No |
Bland Ballard | Lincoln | D. Ky. | September 4, 1819 | October 16, 1861 | July 29, 1879 | (aged 59)William Hercules Hays | No |
Winthrop Welles Ketcham | Grant | W.D. Pa. | June 29, 1820 | June 26, 1876 | December 6, 1879 | (aged 59)Marcus W. Acheson | No |
William Hercules Hays | Hayes | D. Ky. | August 26, 1820 | December 10, 1879 | March 7, 1880 | (aged 59)John W. Barr | No |
Connally Findlay Trigg | Lincoln | W.D. Tenn. M.D. Tenn. E.D. Tenn. | March 8, 1810 | July 17, 1862 | April 25, 1880 | (aged 70)David M. Key | No |
Thomas Howard DuVal | Pierce | W.D. Tex. | November 4, 1813 | March 3, 1857 | October 10, 1880 | (aged 66)Ezekiel B. Turner | D → R |
Nathan Clifford | Buchanan | Sup. Ct. | August 18, 1803 | January 12, 1858 | July 25, 1881 | (aged 77)Horace Gray | D → R |
Edward Fox | A. Johnson | D. Me. | June 10, 1815 | May 31, 1866 | December 14, 1881 | (aged 66)Nathan Webb | D → R |
George Washington Brooks | A. Johnson | D.N.C. | March 16, 1821 | June 4, 1872 | January 6, 1882 | (aged 60)Seat abolished | n/a |
Edgar Winters Hillyer | Grant | D. Nev. | December 3, 1830 | December 21, 1869 | May 10, 1882 | (aged 51)George Myron Sabin | No |
Philip Bergen Swing | Grant | S.D. Ohio | October 23, 1820 | March 30, 1871 | October 31, 1882 | (aged 62)William White | No |
Edward Green Bradford | Grant | D. Del. | July 17, 1819 | December 12, 1871 | January 16, 1884 | (aged 64)Leonard Eugene Wales | No |
Solomon Lewis Withey | Lincoln | W.D. Mich. | April 21, 1820 | March 11, 1863 | April 25, 1886 | (aged 66)Henry Franklin Severens | R → D |
Henry Kent McCay | Arthur | N.D. Ga. | January 8, 1820 | August 4, 1882 | July 30, 1886 | (aged 66)William Truslow Newman | R → D |
Samuel Hubbel Treat Jr. | Pierce | S.D. Ill. | June 21, 1811 | March 3, 1855 | March 27, 1887 | (aged 75)William J. Allen | No |
David Kellogg Cartter | Lincoln | D.D.C. | June 22, 1812 | March 11, 1863 | April 16, 1887 | (aged 74)Edward Franklin Bingham | R → D |
William Burnham Woods | Hayes | Sup. Ct. | August 3, 1824 | December 21, 1880 | May 14, 1887 | (aged 62)Lucius Q. C. Lamar | R → D |
Morrison Waite | Grant | Sup. Ct. | November 29, 1816 | January 21, 1874 | March 23, 1888 | (aged 71)Melville Fuller | R → D |
Ezekiel B. Turner | Hayes | W.D. Tex. | May 24, 1825 | December 20, 1880 | June 2, 1888 | (aged 63)Thomas Sheldon Maxey | R → D |
Thomas Settle | Grant | N.D. Fla. | January 23, 1831 | January 30, 1877 | December 1, 1888 | (aged 57)Charles Swayne | No |
William Matthews Merrick | Cleveland | D.D.C. | September 1, 1818 | March 30, 1886 | February 4, 1889 | (aged 70)Andrew Coyle Bradley | D → R |
Stanley Matthews | Garfield | Sup. Ct. | July 21, 1824 | May 12, 1881 | March 22, 1889 | (aged 64)David J. Brewer | No |
John T. Nixon | Grant | D.N.J. | August 31, 1820 | April 28, 1870 | September 28, 1889 | (aged 69)Edward T. Green | No |
Chauncey Brewer Sabin | Arthur | E.D. Tex. | August 6, 1824 | April 5, 1884 | March 30, 1890 | (aged 65)David Ezekiel Bryant | No |
George Myron Sabin | Arthur | D. Nev. | August 1833 | July 26, 1882 | May 12, 1890 | (aged 56)Thomas Porter Hawley | No |
Samuel Freeman Miller | Lincoln | Sup. Ct. | April 5, 1816 | July 16, 1862 | October 13, 1890 | (aged 74)Henry Billings Brown | No |
Daniel Clark | A. Johnson | D.N.H. | October 24, 1809 | July 27, 1866 | January 2, 1891 | (aged 81)Edgar Aldrich | D → R |
James M. Love | Pierce | D. Iowa S.D. Iowa | March 4, 1820 | December 21, 1856 | July 2, 1891 | (aged 71)John Simson Woolson | D → R |
Ogden Hoffman Jr. | Fillmore | N.D. Cal. S.D. Cal. | October 16, 1822 | February 27, 1851 | August 9, 1891 | (aged 68)William W. Morrow | W → R |
Lorenzo Sawyer | Grant | 9th Cir. | May 23, 1820 | January 10, 1870 | September 7, 1891 | (aged 71)Joseph McKenna | No |
Joseph P. Bradley | Grant | Sup. Ct. | March 14, 1813 | March 23, 1870 | January 22, 1892 | (aged 78)George Shiras Jr. | No |
Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar | Cleveland | Sup. Ct. | September 17, 1825 | January 16, 1888 | January 23, 1893 | (aged 67)Howell Edmunds Jackson | D → R |
Matthew Deady | Buchanan | D. Ore. | May 12, 1824 | March 9, 1859 | March 24, 1893 | (aged 68)Charles B. Bellinger | No |
Hugh Lennox Bond | Grant | 4th Cir. | December 16, 1828 | June 16, 1891 | October 24, 1893 | (aged 64)Charles Henry Simonton | R → D |
Edward Coke Billings | Grant | E.D. La. | December 3, 1829 | March 3, 1881 | December 1, 1893 | (aged 63)Charles Parlange | R → D |
Howell Edmunds Jackson | B. Harrison | Sup. Ct. | April 8, 1832 | February 18, 1893 | August 8, 1895 | (aged 63)Rufus W. Peckham | R → D |
George Moulton Carpenter Jr. | Arthur | D.R.I. | April 22, 1844 | December 18, 1884 | July 31, 1896 | (aged 52)Arthur Lewis Brown | R → D |
Alfred Delavan Thomas | B. Harrison | D.N.D. | August 11, 1837 | February 25, 1890 | August 8, 1896 | (aged 58)Charles F. Amidon | R → D |
Alonzo J. Edgerton | B. Harrison | D.S.D. | June 7, 1827 | January 16, 1890 | August 9, 1896 | (aged 69)John Emmett Carland | R → D |
Edward T. Green | B. Harrison | D.N.J. | 1837 | January 27, 1890 | October 10, 1896 | (aged 58–59)Andrew Kirkpatrick | R → D |
Elmer Scipio Dundy | A. Johnson | D. Neb. | March 5, 1830 | April 9, 1868 | October 28, 1896 | (aged 66)William Douglas McHugh | No |
Isaac Charles Parker | Grant | W.D. Ark. | October 15, 1838 | March 19, 1875 | November 17, 1896 | (aged 58)John Henry Rogers | R → D |
Augustus Sherrill Seymour | Arthur | E.D.N.C. | November 30, 1836 | February 21, 1882 | February 19, 1897 | (aged 60)Thomas Richard Purnell | No |
Leonard Eugene Wales | Arthur | D. Del. | November 26, 1823 | March 20, 1884 | February 8, 1897 | (aged 73)Edward Green Bradford II | No |
Thomas Leverett Nelson | Hayes | D. Mass. | March 4, 1827 | January 10, 1879 | November 21, 1897 | (aged 70)Francis Cabot Lowell | No |
Asa Wentworth Tenney | McKinley | E.D.N.Y. | May 20, 1833 | July 8, 1897 | December 10, 1897 | (aged 64)Edward B. Thomas | No |
John B. Rector | B. Harrison | N.D. Tex. | November 24, 1837 | March 28, 1892 | April 9, 1898 | (aged 60)Seat abolished | n/a |
John William Showalter | Cleveland | 7th Cir. | February 8, 1844 | March 1, 1895 | December 10, 1898 | (aged 54)Peter S. Grosscup | D → R |
John Simson Woolson | B. Harrison | S.D. Iowa | December 6, 1840 | January 11, 1892 | December 4, 1899 | (aged 58)Smith McPherson | No |
John A. Williams | B. Harrison | E.D. Ark. | May 1, 1835 | September 22, 1890 | July 7, 1900 | (aged 65)Jacob Trieber | No |
William Allen Woods | B. Harrison | 7th Cir. | May 16, 1837 | March 17, 1892 | June 29, 1901 | (aged 64)Francis E. Baker | No |
John Bruce | Grant | M.D. Ala. N.D. Ala. | February 16, 1832 | February 27, 1875 | October 1, 1901 | (aged 69)Thomas G. Jones | No |
John Paul | Arthur | W.D. Va. | June 30, 1839 | March 3, 1883 | November 1, 1901 | (aged 62)Henry C. McDowell Jr. | No |
Horace Gray | Arthur | Sup. Ct. | March 24, 1828 | December 20, 1881 | September 15, 1902 | (aged 74)Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. | No |
Charles Henry Simonton | Cleveland | 4th Cir. | July 11, 1829 | December 19, 1893 | April 25, 1904 | (aged 74)Jeter Connelly Pritchard | D → R |
Andrew Kirkpatrick | Cleveland | D.N.J. | October 8, 1844 | December 15, 1896 | May 3, 1904 | (aged 59)William M. Lanning | D → R |
Eli Shelby Hammond | Hayes | W.D. Tenn. | April 1, 1838 | June 17, 1878 | December 17, 1904 | (aged 66)John E. McCall | No |
Amos Madden Thayer | Cleveland | 8th Cir. | October 10, 1841 | August 9, 1894 | April 24, 1905 | (aged 63)Elmer B. Adams | D → R |
George P. Wanty | McKinley | W.D. Mich. | March 12, 1856 | March 13, 1900 | July 9, 1906 | (aged 50)Loyal Edwin Knappen | No |
Augustus J. Ricks | B. Harrison | N.D. Ohio | February 10, 1843 | January 16, 1890 | December 22, 1906 | (aged 63)Seat abolished | n/a |
Charles Parlange | Cleveland | E.D. La. | July 23, 1851 | January 15, 1894 | February 4, 1907 | (aged 55)Eugene Davis Saunders | D → R |
William Kneeland Townsend | T. Roosevelt | 2d Cir. | June 12, 1849 | January 21, 1902 | June 2, 1907 | (aged 57)Walter Chadwick Noyes | No |
Charles Swayne | B. Harrison | N.D. Fla. | August 10, 1842 | April 1, 1890 | July 5, 1907 | (aged 64)William Bostwick Sheppard | No |
Louis E. McComas | T. Roosevelt | D.C. Cir. | October 28, 1846 | December 6, 1905 | November 10, 1907 | (aged 61)Josiah Alexander Van Orsdel | No |
Charles Dickens Clark | Cleveland | M.D. Tenn. E.D. Tenn. | October 7, 1847 | January 21, 1895 | March 15, 1908 | (aged 60)Edward Terry Sanford | D → R |
Thomas Richard Purnell | McKinley | E.D.N.C. | 11 November 1847 | May 5, 1897 | December 19, 1908 | (aged 61)Henry G. Connor | No |
John K. Richards | T. Roosevelt | 6th Cir. | March 15, 1856 | February 23, 1903 | March 1, 1909 | (aged 52)John Wesley Warrington | No |
Solomon H. Bethea | T. Roosevelt | N.D. Ill. | May 18, 1852 | March 18, 1905 | August 3, 1909 | (aged 57)George Albert Carpenter | No |
Rufus W. Peckham | Cleveland | Sup. Ct. | November 8, 1838 | December 9, 1895 | October 24, 1909 | (aged 70)Horace Harmon Lurton | D → R |
Albert C. Thompson | McKinley | S.D. Ohio | January 23, 1842 | December 20, 1898 | January 26, 1910 | (aged 68)Seat abolished | n/a |
Melville Fuller | Cleveland | Sup. Ct. | February 11, 1833 | July 20, 1888 | July 4, 1910 | (aged 77)Edward Douglass White | D → R |
Edward Whitson | T. Roosevelt | E.D. Wash. | October 6, 1852 | March 14, 1905 | October 15, 1910 | (aged 58)Frank H. Rudkin | No |
Robert Walker Tayler | T. Roosevelt | N.D. Ohio | November 20, 1852 | January 10, 1905 | November 25, 1910 | (aged 58)William Louis Day | No |
Francis Cabot Lowell | T. Roosevelt | 1st Cir. | January 7, 1855 | February 23, 1905 | March 6, 1911 | (aged 56)William Schofield | No |
John Henry Rogers | Cleveland | W.D. Ark. | October 9, 1845 | December 15, 1896 | April 16, 1911 | (aged 65)Frank A. Youmans | D → R |
John Marshall Harlan | Hayes | Sup. Ct. | June 1, 1833 | November 29, 1877 | October 14, 1911 | (aged 78)Mahlon Pitney | No |
Joseph V. Quarles | T. Roosevelt | E.D. Wis. | December 16, 1843 | March 6, 1905 | October 7, 1911 | (aged 67)Ferdinand August Geiger | No |
George B. Adams | T. Roosevelt | S.D.N.Y. | April 3, 1845 | August 30, 1901 | October 9, 1911 | (aged 66)Julius Marshuetz Mayer | No |
William M. Lanning | Taft | 3d Cir. | January 1, 1849 | May 18, 1909 | February 16, 1912 | (aged 63)John Bayard McPherson | No |
William Schofield | Taft | 1st Cir. | February 14, 1857 | June 6, 1911 | June 10, 1912 | (aged 55)Frederic Dodge | No |
Thomas John Morris | Hayes | D. Md. | September 24, 1837 | July 1, 1879 | June 6, 1912 | (aged 74)Seat abolished | n/a |
John J. De Haven | McKinley | N.D. Cal. | March 12, 1845 | June 8, 1897 | January 26, 1913 | (aged 67)Maurice Timothy Dooling | R → D |
James Perry Platt | T. Roosevelt | D. Conn. | March 31, 1851 | February 28, 1902 | January 26, 1913 | (aged 61)Edwin Stark Thomas | R → D |
Joseph Cross | T. Roosevelt | D.N.J. | December 29, 1843 | March 17, 1905 | October 29, 1913 | (aged 69)Thomas Griffith Haight | R → D |
James Scott Young | T. Roosevelt | W.D. Pa. | December 3, 1848 | January 22, 1908 | February 25, 1914 | (aged 65)W. H. Seward Thomson | R → D |
Charles Andrew Willard | Taft | D. Minn. | May 21, 1857 | May 18, 1909 | March 13, 1914 | (aged 56)Wilbur F. Booth | R → D |
Harry M. Clabaugh | T. Roosevelt | D.D.C. | July 16, 1856 | November 16, 1903 | March 6, 1914 | (aged 57)J. Harry Covington | R → D |
James Buchanan Holland | T. Roosevelt | E.D. Pa. | November 14, 1857 | April 19, 1904 | April 24, 1914 | (aged 56)Seat abolished | n/a |
Thomas G. Jones | T. Roosevelt | N.D. Ala. M.D. Ala. | November 26, 1844 | December 17, 1901 | April 28, 1914 | (aged 69)Henry D. Clayton Jr. | R → D |
Horace Harmon Lurton | Taft | Sup. Ct. | February 26, 1844 | December 20, 1909 | July 12, 1914 | (aged 70)James Clark McReynolds | R → D |
David Davie Shelby | McKinley | 5th Cir. | October 24, 1847 | March 2, 1899 | August 22, 1914 | (aged 66)Richard Wilde Walker Jr. | R → D |
James Loren Martin | T. Roosevelt | D. Vt. | September 13, 1846 | December 11, 1906 | January 14, 1915 | (aged 68)Harland Bradley Howe | R → D |
Smith McPherson | McKinley | S.D. Iowa | February 14, 1848 | May 7, 1900 | January 17, 1915 | (aged 66)Martin Joseph Wade | R → D |
William Henry Seaman | T. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | November 15, 1842 | March 1, 1905 | March 8, 1915 | (aged 72)Evan Alfred Evans | R → D |
William Henry Munger | Cleveland | D. Neb. | October 12, 1845 | February 18, 1897 | August 11, 1915 | (aged 69)Joseph William Woodrough | No |
Joseph Rucker Lamar | Taft | Sup. Ct. | October 14, 1857 | December 17, 1910 | January 2, 1916 | (aged 58)Louis Brandeis | R → D |
Alexander Boarman | Garfield | W.D. la. | December 10, 1839 | May 18, 1881 | August 30, 1916 | (aged 76)George W. Jack | R → D |
William Hayes Pope | Taft | D.N.M. | June 14, 1870 | February 20, 1912 | September 13, 1916 | (aged 46)Colin Neblett | R → D |
Thomas H. Anderson | T. Roosevelt | D.C. Sup. | June 6, 1848 | April 23, 1901 | October 1, 1916 | (aged 68)William Hitz | R → D |
Andrew Phelps McCormick | B. Harrison | 5th Cir. | December 18, 1832 | March 17, 1892 | November 2, 1916 | (aged 83)R. L. Batts | R → D |
Harry Theophilus Toulmin | Cleveland | S.D. Ala. | March 4, 1838 | January 13, 1887 | November 12, 1916 | (aged 78)Robert Tait Ervin | No |
William Wallace Lambdin | Wilson | S.D. Ga. | October 25, 1861 | March 3, 1915 | December 20, 1916 | (aged 55)Beverly Daniel Evans Jr. | No |
Francis Marion Wright | T. Roosevelt | E.D. Ill. | August 5, 1844 | March 17, 1905 | July 15, 1917 | (aged 72)George W. English | R → D |
Waller Thomas Burns | T. Roosevelt | S.D. Tex. | January 14, 1858 | April 22, 1902 | November 17, 1917 | (aged 59)Joseph Chappell Hutcheson Jr. | R → D |
Christian Cecil Kohlsaat | T. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | January 8, 1844 | March 18, 1905 | May 11, 1918 | (aged 74)George True Page | R → D |
J. Otis Humphrey | McKinley | S.D. Ill. | December 30, 1850 | March 8, 1901 | June 14, 1918 | (aged 67)Louis FitzHenry | R → D |
Henry Clay Niles | B. Harrison | S.D. Miss. N.D. Miss. | October 21, 1850 | January 11, 1892 | September 26, 1918 | (aged 67)Edwin R. Holmes | R → D |
Emory Speer | Arthur | S.D. Ga. | September 3, 1848 | February 18, 1885 | December 13, 1918 | (aged 70)Seat abolished | n/a |
John Bayard McPherson | Taft | 3d Cir. | November 5, 1846 | April 3, 1912 | January 20, 1919 | (aged 72)Thomas Griffith Haight | R → D |
Joseph T. Johnson | Wilson | W.D.S.C. | February 28, 1858 | January 24, 1916 | May 8, 1919 | (aged 61)Henry Hitt Watkins | No |
Gordon J. Russell | Taft | E.D. Tex. | December 22, 1859 | June 6, 1910 | September 14, 1919 | (aged 59)William Lee Estes | R → D |
Howard Clark Hollister | Taft | S.D. Ohio | September 11, 1856 | March 7, 1910 | September 24, 1919 | (aged 63)John Weld Peck | R → D |
Don Albert Pardee | Garfield | 5th Cir. | March 29, 1837 | May 13, 1881 | September 26, 1919 | (aged 82)Alexander Campbell King | R → D |
1920–1954 edit
170 United States federal judges died in active service between the enactment of legislation in 1919 allowing judges over the age of 70 with more than 10 years of judicial service to serve in what later became known as senior status, and the expansion of that legislation in 1954 to cover judges over the age of 65 with more than 15 years of judicial service.
Judge | Appointing president | Court | Date of birth | Confirmation date | Date of death and age | Successor | Change of party |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
William Truslow Newman | Cleveland | N.D. Ga. | June 23, 1843 | January 13, 1887 | February 14, 1920 | (aged 76)Seat abolished | n/a |
Alston G. Dayton | T. Roosevelt | N.D.W.V. | October 18, 1857 | March 14, 1905 | July 30, 1920 | (aged 62)William E. Baker | No |
John E. McCall | T. Roosevelt | W.D. Tenn. | August 14, 1859 | January 17, 1905 | August 8, 1920 | (aged 60)John William Ross | No |
Arthur Loomis Sanborn | T. Roosevelt | W.D. Wisc. | November 17, 1850 | January 9, 1905 | October 18, 1920 | (aged 69)Claude Luse | No |
Jeter Connelly Pritchard | T. Roosevelt | 4th Cir. | July 12, 1857 | April 27, 1904 | April 10, 1921 | (aged 63)Edmund Waddill Jr. | No |
Edward Douglass White | Taft | Sup. Ct. | November 3, 1845 | December 12, 1910 | May 19, 1921 | (aged 75)William Howard Taft | No |
Ashley Mulgrave Gould | T. Roosevelt | D.D.C. | October 8, 1859 | December 8, 1902 | May 20, 1921 | (aged 61)Adolph A. Hoehling Jr. | No |
Benjamin Franklin Keller | McKinley | S.D.W.V. | April 21, 1857 | December 17, 1901 | August 8, 1921 | (aged 64)Seat abolished | n/a |
William Cather Hook | T. Roosevelt | 8th Cir. | September 24, 1857 | November 17, 1903 | August 11, 1921 | (aged 63)Robert E. Lewis | No |
Edgar Aldrich | B. Harrison | D.N.H. | February 5, 1848 | February 20, 1891 | September 15, 1921 | (aged 73)George Franklin Morris | No |
Walter I. Smith | Taft | 8th Cir. | July 10, 1862 | January 31, 1911 | January 27, 1922 | (aged 59)William S. Kenyon | No |
Beverly Daniel Evans Jr. | Wilson | S.D. Ga. | May 21, 1865 | August 15, 1917 | May 7, 1922 | (aged 56)William H. Barrett | D → R |
Charles Prentiss Orr | Taft | W.D. Pa. | February 22, 1858 | April 8, 1909 | May 16, 1922 | (aged 64)Robert Murray Gibson | No |
John Emmett Carland | Taft | 8th Cir. | December 11, 1853 | January 31, 1911 | November 11, 1922 | (aged 68)Seat abolished | n/a |
Thomas Chatfield | T. Roosevelt | E.D.N.Y. | October 4, 1871 | January 9, 1907 | December 24, 1922 | (aged 51)Robert Alexander Inch | No |
Martin Augustine Knapp | Taft | 2d Cir. 4th Cir. | November 6, 1843 | December 20, 1910 | February 10, 1923 | (aged 79)Seat abolished | n/a |
Oscar A. Trippet | Wilson | S.D. Cal. | March 6, 1856 | March 3, 1915 | July 15, 1923 | (aged 67)Paul John McCormick | D → R |
William Cary Van Fleet | T. Roosevelt | N.D. Cal. | March 24, 1852 | December 17, 1907 | September 3, 1923 | (aged 71)Frank Henry Kerrigan | No |
Walter Evans | McKinley | D. Ky. W.D. Ky. | September 18, 1842 | March 3, 1899 | December 30, 1923 | (aged 81)Charles Harwood Moorman | No |
Francis E. Baker | T. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | October 20, 1860 | January 21, 1902 | March 15, 1924 | (aged 63)Albert B. Anderson | No |
George W. Jack | Wilson | W.D. La. | November 1, 1875 | March 16, 1917 | March 15, 1924 | (aged 48)Benjamin C. Dawkins Sr. | D → R |
Constantine Joseph Smyth | Wilson | D.C. Cir. | December 4, 1859 | July 12, 1917 | April 14, 1924 | (aged 64)George Ewing Martin | D → R |
William Robert Smith | Wilson | W.D. Tex. | August 18, 1863 | April 12, 1917 | August 16, 1924 | (aged 60)Charles Albert Boynton | D → R |
Maurice Timothy Dooling | Wilson | N.D. Cal. | October 12, 1860 | July 28, 1913 | November 4, 1924 | (aged 64)Adolphus Frederic St. Sure | D → R |
Henry G. Connor | Taft | E.D.N.C. | July 3, 1852 | May 25, 1909 | November 23, 1924 | (aged 72)Isaac Melson Meekins | No |
George W. Ray | T. Roosevelt | N.D.N.Y. | February 3, 1844 | December 8, 1902 | January 10, 1925 | (aged 80)Seat abolished | n/a |
John F. McGee | Harding | D. Minn. | January 1, 1861 | March 2, 1923 | February 15, 1925 | (aged 64)Seat abolished | n/a |
Charles Louis McKeehan | Harding | E.D. Pa. | March 29, 1876 | February 9, 1923 | March 23, 1925 | (aged 48)Seat abolished | n/a |
Charles B. Witmer | Taft | M.D. Penn. | April 18, 1862 | March 2, 1911 | April 7, 1925 | (aged 62)Albert Williams Johnson | No |
Charles Albert Woods | Wilson | 4th Cir. | July 31, 1852 | June 5, 1913 | June 21, 1925 | (aged 72)John J. Parker | D → R |
John William Ross | Harding | W.D. Tenn. | March 9, 1878 | May 31, 1921 | July 9, 1925 | (aged 47)Harry B. Anderson | No |
Charlton Beattie | Coolidge | E.D. La. | April 22, 1869 | January 21, 1925 | August 23, 1925 | (aged 56)Louis Henry Burns | No |
Cornelius H. Hanford | B. Harrison | D. Wash. W.D. Wash. | April 21, 1849 | February 25, 1890 | March 2, 1926 | (aged 76)Clinton Woodbury Howard | No |
John Slater Partridge | Harding | N.D. Cal. | June 22, 1870 | March 3, 1923 | May 20, 1926 | (aged 55)Harold Louderback | No |
Henry Wade Rogers | Wilson | 2d Cir. | October 15, 1853 | September 29, 1913 | August 16, 1926 | (aged 72)Thomas Walter Swan | D → R |
Robert W. Archbald | Taft | 3d Cir. | September 10, 1848 | January 31, 1911 | August 19, 1926 | (aged 77)Charles B. Witmer | No |
Charles E. Wolverton | T. Roosevelt | D. Ore. | May 16, 1851 | January 10, 1906 | September 21, 1926 | (aged 75)John Hugh McNary | No |
John Carter Rose | Harding | 4th Cir. | April 27, 1861 | December 20, 1922 | March 26, 1927 | (aged 65)Elliott Northcott | No |
Charles Merrill Hough | Wilson | 2d Cir. | May 18, 1858 | August 21, 1916 | April 22, 1927 | (aged 68)Augustus Noble Hand | D → R |
Jacob Trieber | McKinley | E.D. Ark. | October 6, 1853 | January 9, 1901 | September 17, 1927 | (aged 73)John Ellis Martineau | No |
Rhydon Mays Call | Wilson | S.D. Fla. | January 13, 1858 | April 24, 1913 | December 15, 1927 | (aged 69)Halsted L. Ritter | D → R |
Walter Henry Sanborn | B. Harrison | 8th Cir. | October 19, 1845 | March 17, 1892 | May 10, 1928 | (aged 82)John Hazelton Cotteral | No |
Louis Henry Burns | Coolidge | E.D. La. | May 11, 1878 | December 21, 1925 | June 9, 1928 | (aged 50)Wayne G. Borah | No |
Adam C. Cliffe | Harding | N.D. Ill. | June 25, 1869 | December 22, 1922 | June 12, 1928 | (aged 58)Charles Edgar Woodward | No |
David C. Westenhaver | Wilson | N.D. Ohio | January 13, 1865 | March 14, 1917 | July 29, 1928 | (aged 63)Samuel H. West | D → R |
Maurice H. Donahue | Wilson | 6th Cir. | May 10, 1864 | October 29, 1919 | September 10, 1928 | (aged 64)Smith Hickenlooper | D → R |
Henry De Lamar Clayton Jr. | Wilson | N.D. Ala. M.D. Ala. | February 10, 1857 | May 2, 1914 | December 21, 1929 | (aged 72)Charles Brents Kennamer | D → R |
Edward Terry Sanford | Harding | Sup. Ct. | July 23, 1865 | January 29, 1923 | March 8, 1930 | (aged 64)Owen Roberts | No |
Lake Jones | Coolidge | S.D. Fla. | February 10, 1867 | February 18, 1924 | June 7, 1930 | (aged 63)Seat abolished | n/a |
William Lee Estes | Wilson | E.D. Tex. | October 18, 1870 | February 18, 1920 | June 14, 1930 | (aged 59)Randolph Bryant | D → R |
Frank Sigel Dietrich | Coolidge | 9th Cir. | January 23, 1863 | January 3, 1927 | October 2, 1930 | (aged 67)William Henry Sawtelle | No |
Robert S. Bean | Taft | D. Ore. | November 28, 1854 | April 28, 1909 | January 7, 1931 | (aged 76)James Alger Fee | No |
Clarence W. Sessions | Taft | W.D. Mich. | February 8, 1859 | March 2, 1911 | April 1, 1931 | (aged 72)Arthur Carter Denison | No |
Edmund Waddill Jr. | Harding | 4th Cir. | May 22, 1855 | June 2, 1921 | April 9, 1931 | (aged 75)Morris Ames Soper | No |
Martin Joseph Wade | Wilson | S.D. Iowa | October 20, 1861 | March 3, 1915 | April 16, 1931 | (aged 69)Seat abolished | n/a |
William Ball Gilbert | B. Harrison | 9th Cir. | July 4, 1847 | March 18, 1892 | April 27, 1931 | (aged 83)William Denman | No |
Frank H. Rudkin | Harding | 9th Cir. | April 23, 1864 | January 9, 1923 | May 3, 1931 | (aged 67)Francis Arthur Garrecht | No |
Frederick Lincoln Siddons | Wilson | D.D.C. | November 21, 1864 | January 15, 1915 | June 19, 1931 | (aged 66)Daniel William O'Donoghue | D → R |
William Nelson Runyon | Harding | D.N.J. | March 5, 1871 | January 16, 1923 | November 9, 1931 | (aged 60)Phillip Forman | No |
Frank A. Youmans | Taft | W.D. Ark. | May 23, 1860 | June 20, 1911 | April 11, 1932 | (aged 71)Heartsill Ragon | R → D |
Claude Luse | Harding | W.D. Wisc. | February 23, 1879 | April 27, 1921 | May 28, 1932 | (aged 53)Patrick Thomas Stone | R → D |
William Alexander Cant | Harding | D. Minn. | December 23, 1863 | January 15, 1924 | January 12, 1933 | (aged 69)Robert C. Bell | R → D |
James Douglas Elliott | Taft | D.S.D. | October 7, 1859 | June 7, 1911 | January 30, 1933 | (aged 73)Seat abolished | n/a |
John Hazelton Cotteral | Coolidge | 10th Cir. | September 26, 1864 | May 23, 1928 | April 22, 1933 | (aged 68)Sam G. Bratton | R → D |
William S. Kenyon | Harding | 8th Cir. | June 10, 1869 | January 31, 1922 | September 9, 1933 | (aged 64)Charles Breckenridge Faris | R → D |
James Arnold Lowell | Harding | D. Mass. | February 5, 1869 | September 22, 1922 | November 30, 1933 | (aged 64)George Clinton Sweeney | R → D |
Smith Hickenlooper | Coolidge | 6th Cir. | February 13, 1880 | December 17, 1928 | December 22, 1933 | (aged 53)Florence E. Allen | R → D |
Ernest Ford Cochran | Coolidge | E.D.S.C. | September 12, 1865 | January 21, 1924 | March 4, 1934 | (aged 68)Francis Kerschner Myers | R → D |
Frank Joseph Coleman | Coolidge | S.D.N.Y. | March 24, 1886 | December 19, 1927 | March 14, 1934 | (aged 47)George Murray Hulbert | R → D |
William Bostwick Sheppard | T. Roosevelt | N.D. Fla. | October 4, 1860 | May 20, 1908 | April 21, 1934 | (aged 73)Augustus V. Long | R → D |
Simon L. Adler | Coolidge | W.D.N.Y | August 30, 1867 | January 16, 1928 | May 23, 1934 | (aged 66)Harlan W. Rippey | R → D |
Andrew McConnell January Cochran | McKinley | E.D. Ky. | February 4, 1854 | December 17, 1901 | June 12, 1934 | (aged 80)Hiram Church Ford | R → D |
William Henry Sawtelle | Hoover | 9th Cir. | August 27, 1868 | January 29, 1931 | December 17, 1934 | (aged 66)Clifton Mathews | R → D |
Frank Henry Kerrigan | Coolidge | N.D. Cal. | September 17, 1868 | January 28, 1924 | February 9, 1935 | (aged 66)Michael Joseph Roche | R → D |
Harry B. Anderson | Coolidge | W.D. Tenn. | November 5, 1879 | January 29, 1926 | April 9, 1935 | (aged 55)John Donelson Martin Sr. | R → D |
William Hitz | Hoover | D.C. Cir. | April 21, 1872 | February 6, 1931 | July 3, 1935 | (aged 63)Harold Montelle Stephens | R → D |
Nathan Philemon Bryan | Wilson | 5th Cir. | April 23, 1872 | April 23, 1920 | August 8, 1935 | (aged 63)Edwin R. Holmes | No |
James Edmund Boyd | McKinley | W.D.N.C. | February 14, 1845 | January 9, 1901 | August 21, 1935 | (aged 90)Seat abolished | n/a |
William Irwin Grubb | Taft | N.D. Ala. | March 8, 1862 | May 18, 1909 | October 27, 1935 | (aged 73)David Jackson Davis | R → D |
Louis FitzHenry | F.D. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | June 13, 1870 | June 16, 1933 | November 18, 1935 | (aged 65)James Earl Major | No |
Benson W. Hough | Coolidge | S.D. Ohio | March 5, 1875 | February 9, 1925 | November 19, 1935 | (aged 60)Mell G. Underwood | R → D |
John Hugh McNary | Coolidge | D. Ore. | January 31, 1867 | February 28, 1927 | October 25, 1936 | (aged 69)Claude C. McColloch | R → D |
George Thomas McDermott | Hoover | 10th Cir. | October 21, 1886 | April 30, 1929 | January 19, 1937 | (aged 50)Robert L. Williams | R → D |
John Calvin Pollock | T. Roosevelt | D. Kan. | October 5, 1857 | December 1, 1903 | January 24, 1937 | (aged 79)Seat abolished | n/a |
George Philip Hahn | Coolidge | N.D. Ohio | June 26, 1879 | December 17, 1928 | February 12, 1937 | (aged 57)Frank Le Blond Kloeb | R → D |
John Ellis Martineau | Coolidge | E.D. Ark. | December 2, 1873 | March 2, 1928 | March 6, 1937 | (aged 63)Thomas Clark Trimble III | R → D |
Josiah Alexander Van Orsdel | T. Roosevelt | D.C. Cir. | November 17, 1860 | December 12, 1907 | August 7, 1937 | (aged 76)Justin Miller | R → D |
Charles Harwood Moorman | Coolidge | 6th Cir. | April 24, 1876 | January 13, 1925 | January 26, 1938 | (aged 61)Elwood Hamilton | R → D |
John Lyles Glenn Jr. | Hoover | W.D.S.C. E.D.S.C. | April 2, 1892 | April 29, 1929 | May 2, 1938 | (aged 46)Alva M. Lumpkin | R → D |
Benjamin N. Cardozo | Hoover | Sup. Ct. | May 24, 1870 | March 2, 1932 | July 9, 1938 | (aged 68)Felix Frankfurter | R → D |
Samuel H. West | Coolidge | N.D. Ohio | July 17, 1872 | December 17, 1928 | October 5, 1938 | (aged 66)Robert Nugen Wilkin | R → D |
David Jackson Davis | F.D. Roosevelt | N.D. Ala. | October 15, 1878 | January 28, 1936 | December 7, 1938 | (aged 60)Seat abolished | n/a |
John J. Gore | Harding | M.D. Tenn. | April 28, 1878 | March 2, 1923 | February 21, 1939 | (aged 60)Elmer David Davies | R → D |
Joseph Winston Cox | Hoover | D.D.C. | October 19, 1875 | July 7, 1930 | September 9, 1939 | (aged 63)David Andrew Pine | R → D |
Oliver Booth Dickinson | Wilson | E.D. Pa. | September 25, 1857 | April 28, 1914 | September 16, 1939 | (aged 81)Guy K. Bard | No |
Pierce Butler | Harding | Sup. Ct. | March 17, 1866 | December 21, 1922 | November 16, 1939 | (aged 73)Frank Murphy | R → D |
William P. James | Harding | S.D. Cal. | January 10, 1870 | March 3, 1923 | July 28, 1940 | (aged 70)James F. T. O'Connor | R → D |
Francis Kerschner Myers | F.D. Roosevelt | E.D.S.C. | March 7, 1874 | June 14, 1934 | August 2, 1940 | (aged 66)Julius Waties Waring | No |
Heartsill Ragon | F.D. Roosevelt | W.D. Ark. | March 20, 1885 | May 17, 1933 | September 15, 1940 | (aged 55)John E. Miller | No |
Herschel W. Arant | F.D. Roosevelt | 6th Cir. | July 18, 1887 | March 4, 1939 | January 14, 1941 | (aged 53)Thomas Francis McAllister | No |
Walter Emanuel Treanor | F.D. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | November 17, 1883 | December 27, 1937 | April 26, 1941 | (aged 57)Sherman Minton | No |
William H. Barrett | Harding | S.D. Ga. | September 10, 1866 | June 22, 1922 | May 1, 1941 | (aged 74)Archibald Battle Lovett | R → D |
Robert Johnston McMillan | Hoover | W.D. Tex. | August 21, 1885 | January 19, 1932 | October 27, 1941 | (aged 56)Walter Angus Keeling | R → D |
Harold Louderback | Coolidge | N.D. Cal. | January 30, 1881 | April 17, 1928 | December 11, 1941 | (aged 60)Louis Earl Goodman | R → D |
Charles Edgar Woodward | Coolidge | N.D. Ill. | December 1, 1876 | March 2, 1929 | May 15, 1942 | (aged 65)Elwyn Riley Shaw | R → D |
Rufus Edward Foster | Coolidge | 5th Cir. | May 22, 1871 | January 13, 1925 | August 23, 1942 | (aged 71)Elmo Pearce Lee | R → D |
Charles B. Davis | Coolidge | E.D. Mo. | March 9, 1877 | January 31, 1924 | March 3, 1943 | (aged 65)Rubey Mosley Hulen | R → D |
Richard Joseph Hopkins | Hoover | D. Kan. | April 4, 1873 | December 19, 1929 | August 28, 1943 | (aged 70)Guy T. Helvering | R → D |
Bert E. Haney | F.D. Roosevelt | 9th Cir. | April 10, 1879 | August 24, 1935 | September 18, 1943 | (aged 64)Homer Bone | No |
Luther B. Way | Hoover | E.D. Va. | September 26, 1879 | March 4, 1931 | October 23, 1943 | (aged 64)Charles Sterling Hutcheson | R → D |
John Boyd Avis | Hoover | D.N.J. | July 11, 1875 | October 2, 1929 | January 21, 1944 | (aged 68)Thomas M. Madden | R → D |
George F. Sullivan | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Minn. | January 30, 1886 | August 20, 1937 | April 14, 1944 | (aged 58)Dennis F. Donovan | No |
Marcus Beach Campbell | Harding | E.D.N.Y. | November 18, 1866 | January 3, 1923 | August 3, 1944 | (aged 77)Harold Maurice Kennedy | R → D |
Oscar Raymond Luhring | Hoover | D.D.C. | February 11, 1879 | July 3, 1930 | August 18, 1944 | (aged 65)Henry Albert Schweinhaut | R → D |
Bascom Sine Deaver | Coolidge | M.D. Ga. | November 26, 1882 | March 19, 1928 | October 13, 1944 | (aged 61)Thomas Hoyt Davis | R → D |
James H. Baldwin | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Mont. | August 1, 1876 | June 4, 1935 | October 26, 1944 | (aged 68)R. Lewis Brown | No |
Edward C. Eicher | F.D. Roosevelt | D.D.C. | December 16, 1878 | January 23, 1942 | November 30, 1944 | (aged 65)Bolitha James Laws | No |
Arthur J. Tuttle | Taft | E.D. Mich. | November 8, 1868 | August 6, 1912 | December 2, 1944 | (aged 76)Arthur A. Koscinski | R → D |
Merrill E. Otis | Coolidge | W.D. Mo. | July 7, 1884 | December 14, 1925 | December 23, 1944 | (aged 60)Albert Alphonso Ridge | R → D |
Walter Angus Keeling | F.D. Roosevelt | W.D. Tex. | November 22, 1873 | January 28, 1942 | January 22, 1945 | (aged 71)Ben Herbert Rice Jr. | No |
Ralph E. Jenney | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D. Cal. | February 20, 1883 | July 3, 1937 | July 13, 1945 | (aged 62)William Carey Mathes | No |
Frederick Howard Bryant | Coolidge | N.D.N.Y. | July 25, 1877 | December 19, 1927 | September 4, 1945 | (aged 68)Edward S. Kampf | R → D |
Frederic Palen Schoonmaker | Harding | W.D. Pa. | March 11, 1870 | December 22, 1922 | September 5, 1945 | (aged 75)Wallace Samuel Gourley | R → D |
Thomas Alexander Murphree | F.D. Roosevelt | N.D. Ala. | December 1, 1883 | May 31, 1938 | September 5, 1945 | (aged 61)Seybourn Harris Lynne | No |
Elwood Hamilton | F.D. Roosevelt | 6th Cir. | February 22, 1883 | March 4, 1938 | September 19, 1945 | (aged 62)Shackelford Miller Jr. | No |
Archibald Battle Lovett | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D. Ga. | June 21, 1884 | October 7, 1941 | December 28, 1945 | (aged 61)Francis Muir Scarlett | No |
Harry Aaron Hollzer | Hoover | S.D. Cal. | November 4, 1880 | March 3, 1931 | January 14, 1946 | (aged 65)Jacob Weinberger | R → D |
Fred Morton Raymond | Coolidge | W.D. Mich. | March 22, 1876 | December 18, 1925 | February 6, 1946 | (aged 69)Raymond Wesley Starr | R → D |
Harlan F. Stone | F.D. Roosevelt[16] | Sup. Ct. | October 11, 1872 | July 3, 1941 | April 22, 1946 | (aged 73)Fred M. Vinson | No |
Guy T. Helvering | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Kan. | January 10, 1878 | October 11, 1943 | July 4, 1946 | (aged 68)Seat abolished | n/a |
Samuel Mandelbaum | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D.N.Y. | September 20, 1884 | June 22, 1936 | November 20, 1946 | (aged 62)Harold Medina | No |
Adrian Joseph Caillouet | F.D. Roosevelt | E.D. La. | February 19, 1883 | April 23, 1940 | December 19, 1946 | (aged 63)Herbert William Christenberry | No |
Grover M. Moscowitz | Coolidge | E.D.N.Y. | August 31, 1886 | December 21, 1925 | March 31, 1947 | (aged 60)Leo F. Rayfiel | R → D |
John Bright | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D.N.Y. | May 23, 1884 | June 6, 1941 | March 24, 1948 | (aged 63)Samuel H. Kaufman | No |
R. Lewis Brown | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Mont. | May 25, 1892 | April 7, 1945 | April 2, 1948 | (aged 55)William Daniel Murray | No |
Evan Alfred Evans | Wilson | 7th Cir. | March 19, 1876 | May 10, 1916 | July 7, 1948 | (aged 72)F. Ryan Duffy | No |
Francis Arthur Garrecht | F.D. Roosevelt | 9th Cir. | September 11, 1870 | May 19, 1933 | August 11, 1948 | (aged 77)Walter Lyndon Pope | No |
Arthur Daniel Healey | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Mass. | December 29, 1889 | December 19, 1941 | September 16, 1948 | (aged 58)William T. McCarthy | No |
Ernest Aloysius O'Brien | Hoover | E.D. Mich. | July 1, 1880 | March 4, 1931 | October 9, 1948 | (aged 68)Thomas Patrick Thornton | R → D |
Frank Murphy | F.D. Roosevelt | Sup. Ct. | April 13, 1890 | January 18, 1940 | July 19, 1949 | (aged 59)Tom C. Clark | No |
James Patrick Leamy | F.D. Roosevelt | D. Vt. | January 16, 1892 | May 7, 1940 | July 22, 1949 | (aged 57)Ernest W. Gibson Jr. | No |
Elmo Pearce Lee | F.D. Roosevelt | 5th Cir. | February 10, 1882 | December 17, 1943 | July 26, 1949 | (aged 67)Wayne G. Borah | No |
Wiley Rutledge | F.D. Roosevelt | Sup. Ct. | July 20, 1894 | February 11, 1943 | September 10, 1949 | (aged 55)Sherman Minton | No |
James Francis Thaddeus O'Connor | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D. Cal. | November 10, 1886 | September 27, 1940 | September 28, 1949 | (aged 62)William Matthew Byrne Sr. | No |
Bower Slack Broaddus | F.D. Roosevelt | W.D. Okla. N.D. Okla. E.D. Okla. | May 30, 1888 | October 1, 1940 | December 10, 1949 | (aged 61)William Robert Wallace | No |
John Joseph O'Connell | Truman | 3d Cir. | September 8, 1894 | October 11, 1945 | December 16, 1949 | (aged 55)Austin Leander Staley | No |
George Murray Hulbert | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D.N.Y. | May 14, 1881 | June 15, 1934 | April 26, 1950 | (aged 68)Edward Jordan Dimock | No |
Curtis L. Waller | F.D. Roosevelt | 5th Cir. | January 9, 1887 | March 10, 1943 | July 11, 1950 | (aged 63)Louie Willard Strum | No |
Elwyn Riley Shaw | F.D. Roosevelt | N.D. Ill. | October 19, 1888 | May 9, 1944 | July 18, 1950 | (aged 61)Joseph Sam Perry | No |
Lloyd Llewellyn Black | F.D. Roosevelt | E.D. Wash. | March 15, 1889 | January 20, 1940 | August 23, 1950 | (aged 61)William James Lindberg | No |
John McDuffie | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D. Ala. | September 25, 1883 | February 8, 1935 | November 1, 1950 | (aged 67)Daniel Holcombe Thomas | No |
Herbert Wilson Erskine | Truman | N.D. Cal. | August 27, 1888 | March 1, 1949 | March 18, 1951 | (aged 62)Monroe Mark Friedman | No |
Randolph Bryant | Hoover | E.D. Tex. | May 2, 1893 | January 24, 1931 | April 24, 1951 | (aged 57)Joseph Warren Sheehy | R → D |
Thomas Alan Goldsborough | F.D. Roosevelt | D.D.C. | September 16, 1877 | February 23, 1939 | June 16, 1951 | (aged 73)Luther Youngdahl | No |
Howard C. Speakman | Truman | D. Ariz. | May 25, 1892 | April 13, 1946 | June 17, 1952 | (aged 60)James Augustine Walsh | No |
Owen McIntosh Burns | Truman | W.D. Pa. | September 6, 1892 | March 9, 1950 | October 26, 1952 | (aged 60)Joseph Putnam Willson | D → R |
Otto Kerner Sr. | F.D. Roosevelt | 7th Cir. | February 22, 1884 | February 9, 1939 | December 13, 1952 | (aged 68)Elmer Jacob Schnackenberg | D → R |
Robert Reasoner Nevin | Coolidge | S.D. Ohio | August 2, 1875 | January 21, 1929 | December 31, 1952 | (aged 77)Mell G. Underwood | No |
Gaston Louis Noel Porterie | F.D. Roosevelt | W.D. La. | January 22, 1885 | February 9, 1939 | March 24, 1953 | (aged 68)Edwin F. Hunter | D → R |
William Alvah Stewart | Truman | W.D. Pa. | August 16, 1903 | April 25, 1951 | April 9, 1953 | (aged 49)John Lester Miller | D → R |
Edward L. Leahy | Truman | D.R.I. | February 9, 1886 | January 3, 1951 | July 22, 1953 | (aged 67)Edward William Day | D → R |
Walter Garrett Riddick | F.D. Roosevelt | 8th Cir. | September 13, 1883 | December 19, 1941 | July 31, 1953 | (aged 69)Charles Joseph Vogel | D → R |
Fred M. Vinson | Truman | Sup. Ct. | January 22, 1890 | June 21, 1946 | September 8, 1953 | (aged 63)Earl Warren | D → R |
James McPherson Proctor | Truman | D.C. Cir. | September 4, 1882 | March 5, 1948 | September 17, 1953 | (aged 71)John A. Danaher | D → R |
Abraham Benjamin Conger | Truman | M.D. Ga. | July 14, 1887 | June 6, 1949 | December 9, 1953 | (aged 66)William Augustus Bootle | D → R |
Alfred Lee Wyman | Hoover | D.S.D. | December 9, 1874 | May 10, 1929 | December 15, 1953 | (aged 79)Seat abolished | n/a |
Bennett Champ Clark | Truman | D.C. Cir. | January 8, 1890 | September 28, 1945 | July 13, 1954 | (aged 64)Walter M. Bastian | D → R |
Louie Willard Strum | Truman | 5th Cir. | January 16, 1890 | September 26, 1950 | July 26, 1954 | (aged 64)Warren Leroy Jones | D → R |
Robert H. Jackson | F.D. Roosevelt | Sup. Ct. | February 13, 1892 | July 11, 1941 | October 9, 1954 | (aged 62)John Marshall Harlan II | D → R |
Campbell E. Beaumont | F.D. Roosevelt | S.D. Cal. | August 27, 1883 | August 5, 1939 | November 19, 1954 | (aged 71)Gilbert H. Jertberg | D → R |
1954–present edit
As of November 2023[update], 228 United States federal judges died in active service since the 1954 expansion of senior status to cover judges over the age of 65 with more than 15 years of judicial service. Although this is the largest number of judges to die over such a period of time, it is the lowest percentage, due to substantial expansions of the judiciary branch. Notably, only three United States Supreme Court justices have died in office in that period, whereas nearly forty had died in office over the preceding periods.