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Dasht-e Lut

June 22, 2023

The Lut Desert, widely referred to as Dasht-e Lut (Persian: دشت لوت, "Emptiness Plain"), is a large salt desert located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran. It is the world's 33rd-largest desert, and was included on UNESCO's World Heritage List on July 17, 2016.[2] The name is derived from 'Lut' which means bare and empty in Persian[3][4][5] and 'dasht' which means plain in Persian.[6][7] The surface of its sand has been measured at temperatures as high as 70.7 °C (159.3 °F),[8][9] making it one of the world's driest and hottest places.[10]

Dasht-e Lut
Sand castles in the Dasht-e Lut near Kerman, Iran
Dasht-e Lut
Location within Iran
Floor elevation108 m (354 ft)[1]
Length480 km (300 mi)
Width320 km (200 mi)
Area51,800 km2 (20,000 sq mi)
Geography
CountryIran
Coordinates30°36′18″N 59°04′04″E / 30.60500001°N 59.0677777878°E / 30.60500001; 59.0677777878 
Official nameLut Desert
Criteriavii, viii
Reference1505
Inscription2016 (40th Session)
Websitewww.lutDesert.ir
Hottest Place On Earth (0:29)
University of Montana scientists found Iran's Lut Desert reached the hottest temperature of anywhere on Earth between 2003 and 2009.
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Description

Iran is climatically part of the Afro-Asian belt of deserts, which stretches from Mauritania all the way to Mongolia. The patchy, elongated, light-colored feature in the foreground (parallel to the mountain range) is the northernmost of the Dasht dry lakes that stretch southward 300 kilometers (190 mi).[clarification needed]

Iran's geography consists of a plateau surrounded by mountains and divided into drainage basins. Dasht-e Lut is one of the largest of these desert basins, 480 kilometers (300 mi) long and 320 kilometers (200 mi) wide,[11] and is considered to be one of the driest places on Earth.[12][13][14]

The area of the desert is about 51,800 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi),[15] the largest in Iran after Dasht-e Kavir. During the spring wet season, water briefly flows down from the Kerman mountains, but it soon dries up, leaving behind only rocks, sand, and salt.

The eastern part of Dasht-e Lut is a low plateau covered with salt flats with lowest elevations around 110 m above sea level (30.398609 N, 58.493041 E). In contrast, the center has been sculpted by the wind into a series of parallel ridges and furrows, extending over 150 km (93 mi) and reaching 75 metres (246 ft) in height.[11] This area is also riddled with ravines and sinkholes. The southeast is a vast expanse of sand, like a Saharan erg, with dunes 300 metres (980 ft) high, among the tallest in the world.[11]

Geology

According to one study, more than half of the desert's surface is covered by volcanic rocks. Evaporites can be observed during hot periods.[citation needed]

Archaeology

Around 2500 BC, a flourishing civilization existed in this area. The ancient city of Shahdad was located on the western edge of the Lut desert. And on the eastern side, there was a giant ancient city of Shahr-i-Sokhta.

The Lut area is an important region for Iranian archaeology. Recently, an extensive archaeological survey was conducted on the eastern flank of Kerman range and close to the western fringes of Lut Desert. As a result, eighty-seven ancient sites dating from the fifth millennium BC to the late Islamic era were identified. Twenty-three of these sites are assigned to the Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age.[16]

Hottest land surface

 
Namak-Zar region of Dasht-e-Lut, from space

The Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer installed on NASA's Aqua satellite recorded that from 2003 to 2010 the hottest land surface on Earth is in Dasht-e Lut, with land surface temperatures reaching 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), though the air temperature is cooler.[12][13][14][17][18] The precision of measurements is 0.5 K to 1 K.[19][20] However, in 1972, the land surface at Furnace Creek at Death Valley, California, United States, reached 201 °F (94 °C).

The hottest portion of Dasht-e Lut is Gandom Beryan, a large plateau covered in dark lava, approximately 480 square kilometres (190 sq mi) in area.[21] According to a local legend, the name (Persian — "Toasted wheat")[clarification needed] originates from an accident where a load of wheat was left in the desert which was then scorched by the heat in a few days.

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ^ "Lut desert map". Google Map.
  2. ^ "Lut Desert". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  3. ^ "معنی لوت | فرهنگ فارسی معین". www.vajehyab.com. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  4. ^ "معنی لوت | لغت‌نامه دهخدا". www.vajehyab.com. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  5. ^ "معنی لوت | لغت‌نامه دهخدا". www.vajehyab.com. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  6. ^ "کویر لوت - معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس".
  7. ^ "لوت - معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس".
  8. ^ Mildrexler, D.; M. Zhao; S. W. Running (October 2006). "Where Are the Hottest Spots on Earth?". EOS. 87 (43): 461, 467. doi:10.1002/eost.v87.43.
  9. ^ Mildrexler, D.; M. Zhao; S. W. Running (2011). "Satellite Finds Highest Land Skin Temperatures on Earth". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 92 (7): 850–860. Bibcode:2011BAMS...92..855M. doi:10.1175/2011BAMS3067.1.
  10. ^ "Dasht-e Lut, the hottest desert in the world". Sand-boarding.com. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  11. ^ a b c Oliver E. Allen; et al. (1980). Richard L. Scheffel; Susan J. Wernert (eds.). Natural Wonders of the World. The Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-89577-087-5.
  12. ^ a b "Satellites seek global hot spots". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  13. ^ a b Williams, Matt (17 September 2015). "Planet Earth". Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  14. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  15. ^ Wright, John W., ed. (2006). The New York Times Almanac (2007 ed.). New York, NY: Penguin Books. p. 456. ISBN 978-0-14-303820-7.
  16. ^ Eskandari, N., Mollasalehi, H. (2017). Prehistoric Settlement Trends on the West of Lut Desert, Southeastern Iran. Journal of Archaeological Studies, 8(2), 1-15. doi:10.22059/jarcs.2017.61722
  17. ^ "The Hottest Spot on Earth". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 24 November 2006. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  18. ^ Weather Iran 13 December 2004 at the Wayback Machine (in Persian)
  19. ^ MOD 11 - Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity, MODIS Website
  20. ^ Zhengming Wan (April 1999) MODIS Land-Surface Temperature Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (LST ATBD) Version 3.3
  21. ^ A Journey To Earth's Hottest Point

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Dasht-e Lut (category)

June 22, 2023
dasht, desert, widely, referred, persian, دشت, لوت, emptiness, plain, large, salt, desert, located, provinces, kerman, sistan, baluchestan, iran, world, 33rd, largest, desert, included, unesco, world, heritage, list, july, 2016, name, derived, from, which, mea. The Lut Desert widely referred to as Dasht e Lut Persian دشت لوت Emptiness Plain is a large salt desert located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan and Baluchestan Iran It is the world s 33rd largest desert and was included on UNESCO s World Heritage List on July 17 2016 2 The name is derived from Lut which means bare and empty in Persian 3 4 5 and dasht which means plain in Persian 6 7 The surface of its sand has been measured at temperatures as high as 70 7 C 159 3 F 8 9 making it one of the world s driest and hottest places 10 Dasht e LutSand castles in the Dasht e Lut near Kerman IranDasht e LutLocation within IranFloor elevation108 m 354 ft 1 Length480 km 300 mi Width320 km 200 mi Area51 800 km2 20 000 sq mi GeographyCountryIranCoordinates30 36 18 N 59 04 04 E 30 60500001 N 59 0677777878 E 30 60500001 59 0677777878 UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameLut DesertCriteriavii viiiReference1505Inscription2016 40th Session Websitewww lutDesert irHottest Place On Earth 0 29 source source source source source source source source source source University of Montana scientists found Iran s Lut Desert reached the hottest temperature of anywhere on Earth between 2003 and 2009 Problems playing this file See media help Contents 1 Description 2 Geology 3 Archaeology 4 Hottest land surface 5 See also 6 Further reading 7 References 8 External linksDescription Edit Yardangs in Lut Desert Kerman Province Iran Iran is climatically part of the Afro Asian belt of deserts which stretches from Mauritania all the way to Mongolia The patchy elongated light colored feature in the foreground parallel to the mountain range is the northernmost of the Dasht dry lakes that stretch southward 300 kilometers 190 mi clarification needed Iran s geography consists of a plateau surrounded by mountains and divided into drainage basins Dasht e Lut is one of the largest of these desert basins 480 kilometers 300 mi long and 320 kilometers 200 mi wide 11 and is considered to be one of the driest places on Earth 12 13 14 The area of the desert is about 51 800 square kilometres 20 000 sq mi 15 the largest in Iran after Dasht e Kavir During the spring wet season water briefly flows down from the Kerman mountains but it soon dries up leaving behind only rocks sand and salt The eastern part of Dasht e Lut is a low plateau covered with salt flats with lowest elevations around 110 m above sea level 30 398609 N 58 493041 E In contrast the center has been sculpted by the wind into a series of parallel ridges and furrows extending over 150 km 93 mi and reaching 75 metres 246 ft in height 11 This area is also riddled with ravines and sinkholes The southeast is a vast expanse of sand like a Saharan erg with dunes 300 metres 980 ft high among the tallest in the world 11 Geology EditAccording to one study more than half of the desert s surface is covered by volcanic rocks Evaporites can be observed during hot periods citation needed Archaeology EditAround 2500 BC a flourishing civilization existed in this area The ancient city of Shahdad was located on the western edge of the Lut desert And on the eastern side there was a giant ancient city of Shahr i Sokhta The Lut area is an important region for Iranian archaeology Recently an extensive archaeological survey was conducted on the eastern flank of Kerman range and close to the western fringes of Lut Desert As a result eighty seven ancient sites dating from the fifth millennium BC to the late Islamic era were identified Twenty three of these sites are assigned to the Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age 16 Hottest land surface Edit Namak Zar region of Dasht e Lut from space The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer installed on NASA s Aqua satellite recorded that from 2003 to 2010 the hottest land surface on Earth is in Dasht e Lut with land surface temperatures reaching 70 7 C 159 3 F though the air temperature is cooler 12 13 14 17 18 The precision of measurements is 0 5 K to 1 K 19 20 However in 1972 the land surface at Furnace Creek at Death Valley California United States reached 201 F 94 C The hottest portion of Dasht e Lut is Gandom Beryan a large plateau covered in dark lava approximately 480 square kilometres 190 sq mi in area 21 According to a local legend the name Persian Toasted wheat clarification needed originates from an accident where a load of wheat was left in the desert which was then scorched by the heat in a few days See also EditDasht e Kavir Geography of Iran International rankings of IranFurther reading EditSykes Percy A History of Persia Macmillan and Company London 1921 pp 60 62 References Edit Lut desert map Google Map Lut Desert UNESCO World Heritage Centre United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization Retrieved 17 July 2016 معنی لوت فرهنگ فارسی معین www vajehyab com Retrieved 4 February 2023 معنی لوت لغت نامه دهخدا www vajehyab com Retrieved 4 February 2023 معنی لوت لغت نامه دهخدا www vajehyab com Retrieved 4 February 2023 کویر لوت معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس لوت معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس Mildrexler D M Zhao S W Running October 2006 Where Are the Hottest Spots on Earth EOS 87 43 461 467 doi 10 1002 eost v87 43 Mildrexler D M Zhao S W Running 2011 Satellite Finds Highest Land Skin Temperatures on Earth Bull Amer Meteor Soc 92 7 850 860 Bibcode 2011BAMS 92 855M doi 10 1175 2011BAMS3067 1 Dasht e Lut the hottest desert in the world Sand boarding com Retrieved 6 December 2022 a b c Oliver E Allen et al 1980 Richard L Scheffel Susan J Wernert eds Natural Wonders of the World The Reader s Digest Association Inc p 117 ISBN 978 0 89577 087 5 a b Satellites seek global hot spots Christian Science Monitor Retrieved 4 February 2023 a b Williams Matt 17 September 2015 Planet Earth Retrieved 4 February 2023 a b Images of the Day Images redOrbit Archived from the original on 1 December 2008 Retrieved 9 April 2010 Wright John W ed 2006 The New York Times Almanac 2007 ed New York NY Penguin Books p 456 ISBN 978 0 14 303820 7 Eskandari N Mollasalehi H 2017 Prehistoric Settlement Trends on the West of Lut Desert Southeastern Iran Journal of Archaeological Studies 8 2 1 15 doi 10 22059 jarcs 2017 61722 The Hottest Spot on Earth earthobservatory nasa gov 24 November 2006 Retrieved 4 February 2023 Weather Iran Archived 13 December 2004 at the Wayback Machine in Persian MOD 11 Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity MODIS Website Zhengming Wan April 1999 MODIS Land Surface Temperature Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document LST ATBD Version 3 3 A Journey To Earth s Hottest PointExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dasht e Lut category NASA image and info NASA survey on temperatures around the globe Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dasht e Lut amp oldid 1149761709, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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