Daniel J. Evans
Daniel Jackson Evans (born October 16, 1925) is an American politician from Washington. He served as the 16th governor of Washington from 1965 to 1977 and as a United States senator from 1983 to 1989.
Daniel J. Evans | |
|---|---|
Official portrait c. 1965–1968 | |
| United States Senator from Washington | |
| In office September 8, 1983 – January 3, 1989 | |
| Preceded by | Henry M. Jackson |
| Succeeded by | Slade Gorton |
| 2nd President of Evergreen State College | |
| In office June 6, 1977 – September 8, 1983 | |
| Preceded by | Charles J. McCann |
| Succeeded by | Joseph D. Olander |
| Chair of the National Governors Association | |
| In office June 3, 1973 – June 2, 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Marvin Mandel |
| Succeeded by | Cal Rampton |
| 16th Governor of Washington | |
| In office January 13, 1965 – January 12, 1977 | |
| Lieutenant | John Cherberg |
| Preceded by | Albert Rosellini |
| Succeeded by | Dixy Lee Ray |
| Minority Leader of the Washington House of Representatives | |
| In office January 9, 1961 – January 11, 1965 | |
| Preceded by | August P. Mardesich |
| Succeeded by | John L. O'Brien |
| Member of the Washington House of Representatives from the 43rd district | |
| In office January 14, 1957 – January 11, 1965 | |
| Preceded by | R. Mort Frayn |
| Succeeded by | Newman H. Clark |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Daniel Jackson Evans October 16, 1925 Seattle, Washington, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Nancy Bell (m. 1959; died 2024) |
| Children | 3 |
| Education | University of Washington (BS, MS) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1943–1946 1951–1953 |
| Battles/wars | World War II Korean War |
Following his service in the United States Navy, Evans was elected to the Washington House of Representatives in 1956. He then served as Republican leader of the House before being elected governor in 1964. He was reelected twice more in 1968 and in 1972. Described as a moderate Republican, particularly on social and environmental issues,[1] Evans supported Nelson Rockefeller for the Republican nomination for president in 1968 and refused to endorse Richard Nixon, despite giving the keynote address at that year's Republican National Convention.[2]
Evans was considered for the Republican vice-presidential nomination in 1968 and in 1976, although he was passed over both times. In 1983, he was appointed to the United States Senate following the death of Henry M. Jackson, and was elected in a special election in November and served until 1989, declining to run again. Since the death of James L. Buckley in August 2023, he is the oldest living former senator and, as of 2024[update], he is the only living former Republican governor or senator from Washington.
Early life and education edit
Evans was born in Seattle, Washington (where he has lived as of 2007[update]),[3] descended from a family that had first arrived in the Washington Territory in 1859; his grandfather had served in one of Washington's first state senates. He grew up in the Laurelhurst neighborhood, and attended Roosevelt High School.[4]
As a young man, Evans was an Eagle Scout,[5] and served as a staff member and Hike Master at Camp Parsons, a well known Boy Scout camp in Washington State. As an adult, he was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America in 1973.[6]
After high school, Evans served in the United States Navy 1943–1946.[3] He first entered the V-12 Navy College Training Program, and was stationed at the University of Washington (UW), but was transferred eight months later to an ROTC program at University of California, Berkeley. He did not see combat; he was deployed to the Pacific shortly after the end of World War II, as a commissioned ensign on a succession of aircraft carriers, before returning to UW in 1946.[4]
Evans graduated from the University of Washington with degrees in civil engineering (BS, 1948; MS, 1949).[3][4] The UW later (in 2007) gave him the distinction of Alumnus Summa Laude Dignitatus, the highest distinction the university confers on its graduates.[4] He returned to the United States Navy (1951–1953)[3] before working as a structural engineer[3][4] (1953–1956); in the latter capacity, he helped draw up the plans for the Alaskan Way Viaduct.[4]
Political career edit
Having attended Toastmasters to improve his initially abysmal public speaking style,[2] Evans served in the Washington State House of Representatives from 1957 to 1965 before being elected governor.[3]
Despite being a Republican and a self-styled conservative,[3] Evans became known for his administration's liberal policies on environmental protection (he founded the country's first state-level Department of Ecology, which became Nixon's blueprint for the federal EPA) and strong support of the state's higher education system, including founding Washington's system of community colleges. In addition, he signed a bill to legalize abortion in the first four months of a pregnancy and fought unsuccessfully for a state income tax, two additional liberal positions.[7] [5]
Evans announced his campaign for governor in December 1963. He was elected in 1964 and served until 1977,[3] one of three to be elected to three terms, after Arthur B. Langlie and later current governor Jay Inslee, in Washington state history. A 1981 University of Michigan study named him one of the ten outstanding American governors of the 20th century.[5] He declined to run for a fourth term in 1976. Current governor Jay Inslee joined both Langlie and Evans, becoming the third Washington governor to serve three terms with his re-election victory in 2020.[8] Serial killer Ted Bundy served as a campaign aide for Evans, and maintained a close relationship with the governor. During the 1972 campaign, Bundy followed Evans's Democratic opponent around the state, tape recording his speeches, and reporting back to Evans personally. A minor scandal later followed when the Democrats found out about Bundy, who had been posing as a college student.[9]
From 1977 to 1983, Evans served as the second president of The Evergreen State College in Olympia,[3] which Evans had created in 1967 by signing a legislative act authorizing the formation of the college. The largest building on the Evergreen campus is named the Daniel J. Evans Library, in his honor.[10] In 1983, Governor John Spellman appointed Evans to the United States Senate, to fill a seat left vacant by the death of long-time senator Henry M. Jackson. Evans won a special election later that year against Mike Lowry, and filled the remainder of Jackson's unexpired term, retiring from politics after the 1988 elections.[3][11] He was unhappy during his term in the Senate, writing in a 1988 column in The New York Times Magazine that "debate has come to consist of set speeches read before a largely empty chamber" and adding that he felt demoralized by "bickering and protracted paralysis".[5][12]
Evans voted in favor of the bill establishing Martin Luther King, Jr., Day as a federal holiday, and the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 (as well as to override President Reagan's veto).[13][14][15] Evans voted in favor of Robert Bork's nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court.[16]
Later life edit
After leaving the Senate in 1989, Evans founded his own consulting firm, Daniel J. Evans Associates.[3] Governor Mike Lowry appointed him to the Board of Regents of the University of Washington in 1993; Evans served as the board's president from 1996 to 1997,[3] and in 1999, the Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs at the University was named for him. Evans also went on to work in media, doing an editorial weekly on the KIRO-TV newscasts from the early- to mid-1990s. In 2012, Evans was listed as a director of the Initiative for Global Development.[17] His autobiography was published in 2022.[1] After the death of James L. Buckley in August 2023, he became the oldest living former U.S. senator.[18] On January 26, 2024, his wife of 64 years, Nancy Evans, died at age 90.[19]
Wilderness preservation efforts edit
Evans was a Boy Scout whose early experiences hiking in the Olympic Mountains nurtured a life-long love of wilderness.[20] Throughout his career, Evans has proven his dedication to the great outdoors in Washington State through his action.[21]
Evans was a crucial supporter, in 1968, when Congress created the North Cascades National Park. The then-governor persuaded President Gerald Ford to sign 1976 legislation creating the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, when the U.S. Forest Service was urging a veto.[20]
As a U.S. senator, Evans sponsored the million-acre Washington Park Wilderness Act, and legislation creating the Columbia Gorge National Scenic Area.[22][23]
In 1989, Evans co-founded the Washington Wildlife and Recreation Coalition, with Mike Lowry.[21]
In 2017, Olympic Wilderness was renamed to Daniel J. Evans Wilderness, in honor of Evans.[20]
Statewide races in Washington edit
1983 U.S. Senate special election in Washington[24]
- Dan Evans (incumbent) - 672,326
- Mike Lowry - 540,981
1972 Washington gubernatorial election[25]
- Dan Evans (incumbent) - 747,825
- Albert Rosellini - 630,613
1968 Washington gubernatorial election[26]
- Dan Evans (incumbent) - 692,378
- John J. O'Connell - 560,262
1964 Washington gubernatorial election[27]
- Dan Evans - 697,256
- Albert Rosellini (incumbent) - 548,692
References edit
- ^ a b Banel, Feliks (February 9, 2022). "Former Washington Gov. Dan Evans reflects on storied career, state of modern GOP, and more". KIRO-FM. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
- ^ a b McHenry 2007, p. 24–25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Congressional Biography, accessed online August 13, 2007. As of 2022, Evans is only living former Republican governor of Washington.
- ^ a b c d e f McHenry 2007, p. 24.
- ^ a b c d McHenry 2007, p.25.
- ^ "P: Distinguished Eagle Scout Recipients". NESA.org. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
- ^ "Washington's 1970 Abortion Reform Victory: The Referendum 20 Campaign - Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project". University of Washington. from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
- ^ "Evans' man followed Rosy". Ellensburg Daily Record. UPI. August 30, 1973. Retrieved April 24, 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Aide to Washington's Governor Posed as Student in Foe's Camp". The New York Times. UPI. August 30, 1973. p. 23. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
- ^ . November 14, 2011. Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
- ^ "Sen. Evans won't seek re-election". The San Bernardino County Sun. San Bernardino, CA. AP. October 21, 1987. Retrieved November 3, 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Evans, Daniel J. (April 17, 1988). "Why I'm Quitting the U.S. Senate". The New York Times Magazine. p. 48. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
- ^ "TO PASS H.R. 3706. (MOTION PASSED) SEE NOTE(S) 19".
- ^ "TO PASS S. 557, CIVIL RIGHTS RESTORATION ACT, A BILL TO RESTORE THE BROAD COVERAGE AND CLARIFY FOUR CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS BY PROVIDING THAT IF ONE PART OF AN INSTITUTION IS FEDERALLY FUNDED, THEN THE ENTIRE INSTITUTION MUST NOT DISCRIMINATE".
- ^ "TO ADOPT, OVER THE PRESIDENT'S VETO OF S. 557, CIVIL RIGHTS RESTORATION ACT, A BILL TO RESTORE BROAD COVERAGE OF FOUR CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS BY DECLARING THAT IF ONE PART OF AN INSTITUTION RECEIVES FEDERAL FUNDS, THEN THE ENTIRE INSTITUTION MUST NOT DISCRIMINATE. TWO-THIRDS OF THE SENATE, HAVING VOTED IN THE AFFIRMATIVE, OVERRODE THE PRESIDENTIAL VETO".
- ^ Turner, Wallace (October 21, 1987). "Senator Evans Won't Run in '88". The New York Times. p. A21. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
- ^ . Igdleaders.org. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ "James Buckley, conservative senator and brother of late writer William F. Buckley, dies at 100". POLITICO. Associated Press. August 18, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
- ^ "Nancy Evans, Washington's former first lady, dies at 90". The Seattle Times. January 28, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^ a b c "'A fitting tribute': Olympic Wilderness renamed for longtime outdoors advocate, former Gov. Dan Evans". Seattle Times. August 21, 2017. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
- ^ a b "Board and Committees". Washington Wildlife and Recreation Coalition. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
- ^ "S.2165 - Washington Park Wilderness Act of 1988". U.S. Congress. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
- ^ "S.2055 - Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area Act". U.S. Congress. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
- ^ "Election Search Results - Elections & Voting - WA Secretary of State".
- ^ "Election Search Results - Elections & Voting - WA Secretary of State". Sos.wa.gov. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
- ^ "Elections Search Results: November 1968 General". Secretary of State of Washington. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
- ^ "Elections Search Results: November 1964 General". Secretary of State of Washington. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
- Other sources
- Eric McHenry, "Engineer of Change", Columns (the University of Washington alumni magazine), June 2007, p. 22–26.
External links edit
- Congressional Biography
- The Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs
- Appearances on C-SPAN