Dactylorhiza incarnata, the early marsh-orchid,[2] is a perennial, temperate-climate species of orchid generally found growing in wet meadows, and generally on base-rich soils, up to about 2100m asl. The species occurs widely in Europe and Asia from Portugal and Ireland east to Siberia and Xinjiang.[1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
There are several subspecies and also hybrids, rendering the identification of this species more difficult, but typically, the flowering spike is robust with a hollow stem, 25–60 cm tall, and bearing up to 50 flowers. Plants grow to a height of from 15 to 70 cm. The 4–7 erect yellowish-green leaves are hooded at the tip. The inflorescence is 4–12 cm long, with up to 50 blooms. The labellum appears long and narrow, since its sides are strongly reflexed (folded back). The tip is shallowly three-lobed. The flower is often flesh-coloured (the meaning of incarnata) and the labellum normally has loop-shaped markings.
The flowering period is from May to mid-July, dependent on latitude and subspecies.
Subspecies
Many names have been proposed for subspecies, varieties and forms within the species. Subspecies recognized as of June 2014:
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. coccinea – British Isles
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. cruenta – from France and Ireland east to Siberia and Xinjiang
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. gemmana – Great Britain, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands
Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. incarnata – from Spain and Ireland east to Siberia and Kazakhstan
^Flora of China v 25 p 116, 紫点掌裂兰 zi dian zhang lie lan, Dactylorhiza incarnata (Linnaeus) Soó subsp. cruenta (O. F. Müller) P. D. Sell, Watsonia. 6: 317. 1967.
^Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2005). Flora Iberica 21: 1-366. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
^Griebl, N. (2008). Vorkommen und verbreitung der gattung Dactylorhiza in Österreich. Berichte aus den arbeitskreisen heimische orchideen 25(2): 80-118.
^Vázquez Pardo, F.M. (2009). Revisión de la familia Orchidaceae en Extremadura (España). Folia Botanica Extremadurensis 3: 1-367.
^Petrova, A.S., Vladimirov, V. & Stoyanov, Y. (2009). Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. transsilvanica (Orchidaceae): new for the Bulgarian flora. Phytologia Balcanica 15: 389-392.
Turner Ettlinger, D.M. (1976) British and Irish Orchids: a field guide
Buttler, Karl Peter (1986) Orchideen: die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas.
Lang, David (1980) Orchids of Britain: a field guide.
Fitter, A.(1978) An Atlas of the Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe.
External links
Media related to Dactylorhiza incarnata at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Dactylorhiza incarnata at Wikispecies
Den virtuella floran - Distribution (excluding ssp. cruenta
dactylorhiza, incarnata, early, marsh, orchid, perennial, temperate, climate, species, orchid, generally, found, growing, meadows, generally, base, rich, soils, about, 2100m, species, occurs, widely, europe, asia, from, portugal, ireland, east, siberia, xinjia. Dactylorhiza incarnata the early marsh orchid 2 is a perennial temperate climate species of orchid generally found growing in wet meadows and generally on base rich soils up to about 2100m asl The species occurs widely in Europe and Asia from Portugal and Ireland east to Siberia and Xinjiang 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Early marsh orchidDactylorhiza incarnata habitusScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AsparagalesFamily OrchidaceaeSubfamily OrchidoideaeGenus DactylorhizaSpecies D incarnataBinomial nameDactylorhiza incarnata L Soo 1962 Synonyms 1 List Orchis incarnata L 1755 Basionym Dactylorchis incarnata L Verm Dactylorhiza coccinea Pugsley Aver Orchis cruenta O F Mull in G C Oeder Dactylorchis cruenta O F Mull Verm Dactylorhiza cruenta O F Mull Soo Orchis haematodes Rchb Orchis matodes Rchb f in H G L Reichenbach Orchis cruentiformis Neuman Dactylorhiza haematodes Rchb G H Loos Dactylorhiza gemmana Pugsley Aver Orchis comosa Scop Orchis mixta Retz Orchis divaricata Rich ex Loisel Orchis fistulata Stokes Orchis strictiflora Opiz Orchis angustifolia Wimm amp Grab Orchis angustifolia Loisel ex Rchb Orchis lanceata A Dietr Orchis tharandina Rchb f in H G L Reichenbach Orchis strictifolia Opiz Orchis extensa Hartm Pritz Orchis condensa Schur Orchis altaica Rchb f Soo Dactylorhiza latifolia L Soo Dactylorchis latifolia L Rothm Dactylorhiza strictifolia Opiz Rauschert ex Hudziok Dactylorhiza comosa Scop P D Sell in P D Sell amp G Murrell Dactylorhiza intermedia Serg Kulikov amp E G Philippov Dactylorhiza ochroleuca Wustnei ex Boll Holub Dactylorhiza pulchella Druce Aver Dactylorhiza serotina Hausskn G H LoosThere are several subspecies and also hybrids rendering the identification of this species more difficult but typically the flowering spike is robust with a hollow stem 25 60 cm tall and bearing up to 50 flowers Plants grow to a height of from 15 to 70 cm The 4 7 erect yellowish green leaves are hooded at the tip The inflorescence is 4 12 cm long with up to 50 blooms The labellum appears long and narrow since its sides are strongly reflexed folded back The tip is shallowly three lobed The flower is often flesh coloured the meaning of incarnata and the labellum normally has loop shaped markings The flowering period is from May to mid July dependent on latitude and subspecies Subspecies EditMany names have been proposed for subspecies varieties and forms within the species Subspecies recognized as of June 2014 Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp coccinea British Isles Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp cruenta from France and Ireland east to Siberia and Xinjiang Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp gemmana Great Britain Ireland Germany Netherlands Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp incarnata from Spain and Ireland east to Siberia and Kazakhstan Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp jugicrucis Transcaucasus Dactylorhiza incarnatanothosubsp krylovii ined France and Western Siberia Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp lobelii Denmark Norway Netherlands Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp ochroleuca British Isles Sweden France Germany Switzerland Austria Baltic Republics Dactylorhiza incarnatasubsp pulchella British Isles Sweden France Austria Czech Republic Dactylorhiza incarnatanothosubsp versicolor Germany and Austria D incarnata subsp incarnata D incarnata subsp ochroleuca Hybrids have been reported between D incarnata and D maculata D praetermissa D purpurella and D kerryensis Inflorescence subsp ochroleuca subsp coccinea subsp cruenta Aporia crataegi on subsp latissima EstoniaReferences Edit a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 2015 06 26 Retrieved 2014 10 17 Altervista Flora Italiana Orchide palmata Dactylorhiza incarnata L Soo Flora of China v 25 p 116 紫点掌裂兰 zi dian zhang lie lan Dactylorhiza incarnata Linnaeus Soo subsp cruenta O F Muller P D Sell Watsonia 6 317 1967 Castroviejo S amp al eds 2005 Flora Iberica 21 1 366 Real Jardin Botanico CSIC Madrid Takhtajan A L ed 2006 Conspectus Florae Caucasi 2 1 466 Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae Griebl N 2008 Vorkommen und verbreitung der gattung Dactylorhiza in Osterreich Berichte aus den arbeitskreisen heimische orchideen 25 2 80 118 Vazquez Pardo F M 2009 Revision de la familia Orchidaceae en Extremadura Espana Folia Botanica Extremadurensis 3 1 367 Petrova A S Vladimirov V amp Stoyanov Y 2009 Dactylorhiza maculata subsp transsilvanica Orchidaceae new for the Bulgarian flora Phytologia Balcanica 15 389 392 Turner Ettlinger D M 1976 British and Irish Orchids a field guide Buttler Karl Peter 1986 Orchideen die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas Lang David 1980 Orchids of Britain a field guide Fitter A 1978 An Atlas of the Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe External links Edit Media related to Dactylorhiza incarnata at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Dactylorhiza incarnata at Wikispecies Den virtuella floran Distribution excluding ssp cruenta Dactylorhiza incarnata at the Encyclopedia of Life Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dactylorhiza incarnata amp oldid 1037107808, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
