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County Cavan

May 13, 2023

County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne).[3][4] Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 76,176 at the 2016 census.[2]

County Cavan
Contae an Chabháin
County
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
The Breffni County
Motto(s): 
Irish: Feardhacht is Fírinne
"Manliness and Truth"
CountryIreland
ProvinceUlster
RegionNorthern and Western
Established21 August 1579
County townCavan
Government
 • Local authorityCavan County Council
 • Dáil constituencyCavan–Monaghan
 • EP constituencyMidlands–North-West
Area
[1]
 • Total1,932 km2 (746 sq mi)
 • Rank19th
Highest elevation
(Cuilcagh)
665 m (2,182 ft)
Population
 (2022)[2]
 • Total81,201
 • Rank25th
 • Density42/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC±0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST)
Eircode routing keys
A82, H12, H14, H16 (primarily)
Telephone area codes042, 049 (primarily)
Vehicle index
mark code		CN
WebsiteOfficial website

Geography

Cavan borders six counties: Leitrim to the west, Fermanagh and Monaghan to the north, Meath to the south-east, Longford to the south-west and Westmeath to the south. Cavan shares a 70 km (43 mi) border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. Cavan is the 19th largest of the 32 counties in area and the 25th largest by population.[5]

The county is part of the Northern and Western Region, a NUTS II area, and in that region, is part of the Border strategic planning area, a NUTS III entity.

The county is characterised by drumlin countryside dotted with many lakes and hills. The north-western area of the county is sparsely populated and mountainous. The Cuilcagh mountain range contain the highest point, Cuilcagh, at 665 metres (2,182 feet).

Cavan is the source of many rivers. Shannon Pot on the slopes of Cuilcagh is the source of the River Shannon, the longest river in Ireland at 386 km (240 mi). The River Erne is a major river which rises from Beaghy Lough, two miles (3 km) south of Stradone in Cavan and flows for 120 km (75 mi) to Lough Erne. Other rivers in the county include the Blackwater River, which rises near Bailieborough and flows through Lough Ramor, joining the River Boyne at Navan; the Dee which springs near Bailieborough; the River Annalee which flows from Lough Sillan and joins the Erne; and the Cladagh river which rises from Cuilcagh and flows into Fermanagh. The Glyde and the Owenroe also source in Cavan.

Cavan is known as 'The Lakeland County' and is reputed to contain 365 lakes.[6] At 18.8 km2 (7.3 sq mi), Lough Sheelin is the county's largest lake; it is situated in the south of the county and forms a three way border on its waters between counties Meath, Westmeath and Cavan.[7] A large complex of lakes form in the north and west of Cavan into designated Specially Protected Areas (SPA); an example is Lough Oughter. Other important wildlife protected lakes such as Lough Gowna and Lough Ramor are in the south and east of the county. Cavan has a mainly hilly (drumlin) landscape and contains just under 7,000 hectares (17,000 acres) of forested area, 3.6% of Cavan's total land area. The county contains forests such as Bellamont Forest near Cootehill, Killykeen Forest Park at Lough Oughter (a Coillte state forest concern), Dún na Rí Forest Park and the Burren Forest.

Climate

See also: Climate of Ireland
Ballyhaise, Cavan
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: [8]
Imperial conversion
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

Met Éireann records the climate data for Cavan from their station at Ballyhaise. Under Köppen climate classification, Cavan experiences a maritime temperate oceanic climate with cold winters, mild humid summers, and a lack of temperature extremes. The average maximum January temperature is 8.2 °C (47 °F), while the average maximum July temperature is 19.8 °C (68 °F). On average, the sunniest months are May and June, while the wettest month is October with 104.4 mm (4 in) of rain, and the driest months are May and June with 67.8 mm (3 in) and 67.9 mm (3 in) respectively. Humidity is high year round and rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, with the annual precipitation at Ballyhaise being 1,006 mm (40 in)

On average, snow showers occur between November and March. In the winter of 2010–11, record low temperatures for November, December and January were recorded in Cavan. In late December, the temperature at the station fell to −15.4 °C (4 °F), its lowest ever. On 21 December 2010, a daily maximum of −9.4 °C (15 °F) was recorded at Ballyhaise, the lowest daily maximum ever recorded in Ireland.[9] Summer daytime temperatures range between 15 °C (59 °F) and 22 °C (72 °F), with temperatures rarely going beyond 25 °C (77 °F). The average annual sunshine hours range between 1,300 hours in the north to 1,500 hours in the south.[10]

Subdivisions

Baronies

There are eight historic baronies in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units".

Civil parishes and townlands

Main article: List of townlands of County Cavan

Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland. There are approximately 1979 townlands in the county.

Towns and villages

Largest towns (2016)

Main article: List of towns and villages in County Cavan by population
  1. Cavan - 10,914
  2. Bailieborough - 2,683
  3. Ballyjamesduff - 2,661
  4. Virginia - 2,648
  5. Kingscourt - 2,499

History

From around the thirteenth century the area (Cavan) was part of the petty kingdom of East Bréifne anglicized Breffny O'Reilly after its then ruling Gaelic family. This in turn was the east division Kingdom of Bréifne. For this reason the county is colloquially known as the Breffni County.[11] A high degree of defence was achieved by using the natural landscape of drumlin hills and loughs. The poorly drained heavy clay soils contributed as an obstacle against invasion.

From the late twelfth century East Breifne were subjected to Norman influence and the remains of several motte and bailie fortifications are still visible, as well as the remains of stronger works such as Castlerahan and Clogh Oughter castle. The growing influence of several monastic orders in the new diocese called Tir Briuin Breifne from the mid twelfth century with abbey remains existent in locations such as Drumlane and later Trinity Island.

Historically, the Ui Briuin Kingdom of Breifne was part of the western province of Connacht ruled over by the O'Rourke clan until around 1256 when under Norman occupation the kingdom was split in half. West Breifne still ruled by O'Rourkes and East Breifni ruled by O'Reillys. During the sixteenth century in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I the county of Cavan was formed and transferred to Ulster from 1584, following the composition of Breifne. In the south, the Lough Sheelin area was part of Leinster until the late 14th century.[citation needed]

Under King James I, from 1610 the Plantation of Ulster saw the settlement and origins of several new towns within the county that include Bailieborough, Cootehill, Killeshandra and Virginia. Existing towns such as Cavan and Belturbet became over time more important as trading centres. Wars during the mid-seventeenth century aimed at trying to unsettle the Plantation only led to further plantations of English and Scottish settlers into the county, bringing with them better farming methods and the beginnings of a thriving flax and linen industry.

Some areas of Cavan were hard hit by the Great Famine potato blight between 1845 and 1849. The winter of 1847 is particularly noted for the high levels of deaths nationally caused by diseases such as typhus and cholera. Several instances of eviction also occurred during the nineteenth century, with one such story where the local landlord in Mountnugent parish decided to evict over 200 people. The famous ballad "By Lough Sheelin Side" is based on this event witnessed by the local Catholic priest.

Edward Saunderson, founder of the Ulster Unionist Council, was born in the county. However, when the Irish Unionist Party met on 9 June 1916, the delegates from Cavan learnt that they would not be included in any "temporary exclusion of Ulster" from Home Rule; they agreed only with very great reluctance.[12]

Local government and national politics

Local government

Further information: Cavan County Council
Results of the 2019 Cavan County Council election
Party Seats % of votes % Change since 2014 Seat Change
Fianna Fáil 8 38.9%   1.7%   1
Fine Gael 7 33.4%   3.5% No Change
Sinn Féin 1 12.4%   5.9%   3
Labour 0 2.2%   1.6% No Change
Independent 2 13.2%   9.3%   2

Cavan is divided into three local electoral areas: Bailieborough-Cootehill, Ballyjamesduff-Virginia and Cavan-Belturbet, which hold 18 county council seats in total. The 2019 local elections in Cavan had an average voter turnout of 55.5%, roughly equalling the turnout in 2014 (56.42%). The highest turnout for an electoral area was Bailieborough-Cootehill with 57.1%.

Former districts

It was formerly divided into the rural districts of Bailieborough, Bawnboy, Castlerahan, Cavan, Enniskillen No. 2, and Mullaghoran, and the urban districts of Cavan, Belturbet and Cootehill.[13] The rural districts were abolished in 1925.[14] Belturbet and Cootehill were downgraded to town commissioners in 1950.[15][16] In 2002, the urban district of Cavan and the town commissioners of Belturbet and Cootehill became town councils.[17] All town councils in Ireland were abolished in 2014.[18][19]

National elections

County Cavan is within the Dáil constituency of Cavan–Monaghan, which returns five deputies.[20] This constituency was created in 1977, replacing the constituency of Cavan, which had been in existence from 1921. From 2016 to 2020, the area of West Cavan was within the constituency of Sligo–Leitrim.

European elections

For elections to the European Parliament, the county is part of the Midlands–North-West constituency.[21]

Places of interest

See also: List of National Monuments in County Cavan

Natural attractions

Transport

Road

Two national primary routes pass through the county, The N3 road and the N16 road. The N3 is the longest route in Cavan, crossing the county for 60 km (37 mi) from the Meath border at Whitegate near Virginia and through Belturbet into Fermanagh. The N16 begins in Sligo and ends at Blacklion in the far northwestern tip of Cavan, it crosses the county for roughly 7 km (4.3 mi).

Three national secondary routes pass through the county. The N87 road begins in Belturbet and passes through Ballyconnell and Swanlinbar before crossing into County Fermanagh where it becomes the A32. The N54 route from Monaghan and Clones joins the N3 at Butlersbridge. The N55 links Cavan to Athlone via Ballinagh and Granard.

Bus Éireann provide bus services to villages and towns across the county, including a direct route from Cavan to Dublin Airport.

Rail

In the mid-1850s the Midland Great Western Railway built a line between the Inny Junction in Co. Westmeath (along their expanding network which was eventually to reach Sligo) and Cavan town. The first railway station to open in Cavan, was Cavan railway station in 1856. Many notable railway stations were built in the 19th century such as Kingscourt railway station and the Cavan and Leitrim Railway. The railways were an important part of the economic development of Cavan and carried passengers and freight to all over Ireland. The railways also helped the popularity of GAA in Cavan grow, spectators could travel easily between towns.

After World War II, due to the shortage of coal in the country, uneconomic lines were terminated. In 1947 all passenger services were terminated though the transport of freight and livestock continued. The Great Northern Railway (G.N.R.) continued to serve the Cavan and Leitrim Railway. However, in 1959 all services along the remaining rail lines were terminated and the stations along their routes were closed.

Belturbet railway station is open as a railway museum.

Water

In the historical context and before water levels in lakes were lowered, water transport in the region was once very important through the complex of lakes and waterways that fed into the major river systems such as the Erne, Shannon and Boyne. Today however this is mainly confined to leisure craft on the River Erne and Shannon-Erne Waterway from Belturbet and Ballyconnell as well as for angling activities. Cavan also has 365 lakes all around, one for everyday of the year.

Sport

In Gaelic football, the dominant sport in the county, Cavan GAA competes annually in the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, which it has won 5 times, between 1933 and 1952. The team is currently in division 4 of the National Football League. Cavan was the only county in Ireland without a senior hurling team, the county board having discontinued the team in 2011. The sport was on the decline and the senior team was disbanded to promote Hurling at junior level. Cavan's senior hurling team was reformed in 2017.[22] They compete in division 3B of the National Hurling League and in the Lory Meagher Cup.

The first GAA club founded in Cavan was Ballyconnell in 1885. However the club didn't affiliate to GAA Central Council until March 1886 so that can be taken as the founding of the GAA in Cavan and Ulster.[23] The most successful club in Cavan is Cornafean with 20 Senior Football Championship titles, their last title was won in 1956. Ramor United are the current senior football champions. No team from Cavan has ever won a national or provincial title.

There are several athletics club and facilities in Cavan, including a 300m Tartan track in Shercock. There are five athletics clubs in the county, including Annalee AC, Bailieborough AC, Innyvale AC, Laragh AC and Shercock AC.

Cavan has two rugby football clubs, Co. Cavan R.F.C. and Virginia R.F.C., both teams compete in the Ulster qualifying leagues.

Fishing is a very popular activity in Cavan because of its complex of large rivers and lakes.

 
Cavan (blue) in action against The Queen's University of Belfast in the 2009 Dr. McKenna Cup

Below is a list of various sporting clubs in Cavan:

Demographics

As of 2016 Cavan had a population of 76,176,[2] a modest increase on the 2011 census. The 2016 census reported the county's most numerous non-Irish nationalities as UK, Poland and Lithuania respectively.[2]

Religion

The 2016 Census reported that of Cavan's 76,173 residents, 82% (62,393 people) identified as Roman Catholic. Other stated religions made up 11% of the population (8,671 people). 5% (3,904 people) stated that they followed no religion. 2% (1,209 people) did not state their religion.

The Cathedral of Saint Patrick and Saint Felim in Cavan town, is the seat of the Bishop of Kilmore and the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kilmore. St Fethlimidh's Cathedral, near Cavan town in Kilmore, is one of two cathedral churches in the Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh of the Church of Ireland. The Cavan Baptist Church is located in Oldtown and the Islamic Cultural Centre, which is primarily used as a mosque, is located in Cavan town. There are two Methodist churches located in Ballyconnell and Corlespratten. There are a number of Presbyterian churches throughout the county and a restored 1800s Wesleyan Chapel in Bailieborough.

Economy

 
Cavan town is the most populous in the county

Agriculture is the largest industry in the county, especially dairy milk processing as well as pig and beef farming. Much of Cavan's land consists of clay soils, which are rich in minerals, but heavy and poorly drained, making pasture farming the dominant farming system in the county.[26] There is a total farmed area of 144,269 hectares (356,500 acres) in the county, and there are approximately 219,568 cattle in Cavan. Lakeland Dairies Group, which is based in Killeshandra and has manufacturing sites located throughout Cavan, is Ireland's second largest dairy co-operative with an annual revenue of €545 million.[27]

Cavan is one of Ireland's leading counties for pig production, with the county's farms raising a fifth of the national pig herd. Pig farming regulations have put pressure on the industry, which is highly dependent on affordable credit.[28] Traditionally an agricultural economy, Cavan has since expanded in other industries, chiefly quarrying, energy production and manufacturing facilities. As of September 2014, Cavan produced 113.14 MW of wind energy, on 9 windfarms. The largest wind farm was in Bindoo townland, with a capacity of 48 MW.[29][needs update] Peat cutting exists in the northwest of the county, in the Cuilcagh range. Major industries such as Quinn Quaries and Gypsum Industries are also important employers within the county. There are a number of quarries located in the county and the Quinn cement facility is located in Ballyconnell.[30]

Average Disposable Income per Person in Cavan is €17,251, roughly €4,000 behind Dublin, Ireland's richest county and 89.3% of the state average. The county has seen a significant drop in average disposable income since the 2006 Census.[31][32]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ . Central Statistics Office (Ireland). Archived from the original on 19 November 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Census 2016 Sapmap Area: County Cavan". Central Statistics Office (Ireland). from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  3. ^ Hayward, Richard. Ulster and the City of Belfast. Arthur Barker Ltd., 1950. p. 234.
  4. ^ Shearman, Hugh. Ulster. Robert Hale Limited, 1949. p. 393.
  5. ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186–191.
  6. ^ "Knocknalosset – it stays with you!". thisiscavan.ie. from the original on 14 June 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  8. ^ From the official website 1 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine of Met Éireann; see
  9. ^ Carroll, Steven (24 December 2010). "Tuesday coldest day ever recorded in Ireland". The Irish Times. from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  10. ^ . 14 October 2006. Archived from the original on 14 October 2006.
  11. ^ Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Uladh 11 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Ulster.gaa.ie. Retrieved on 23 July 2013.
  12. ^ p154 WS Ref #: 687 , Witness: M.J. Curran, Rector, Irish College, Rome, 1921 23 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Military History
  13. ^ "1926 Census: Table 9: Population, Area and Valuation of urban and rural districts and of all towns with a population of 1,500 inhabitants or over, showing particulars of town and village population and of the number of persons per 100 acres" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. p. 19. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  14. ^ Local Government Act 1925, s. 3: Abolition of rural district councils (No. 5 of 1925, s. 3). Enacted on 26 March 1925. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 22 December 2021.
  15. ^ Belturbet Urban District (De-Urbanisation) Order 1950 (S.I. No. 74 of 1950). Signed on 1 April 1950. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book.
  16. ^ Cootehil Urban District (De-Urbanisation) Order 1950 (S.I. No. 75 of 1950). Signed on 1 April 1950. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book.
  17. ^ Local Government Act 2001, 6th Sch.: Local Government Areas (Towns) (No. 37 of 2001, 6th Sch.). Enacted on 21 July 2001. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 May 2022.
  18. ^ Local Government Reform Act 2014, s. 24: Dissolution of town councils and transfer date (No. 1 of 2014, s. 24). Enacted on 27 January 2014. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 May 2022.
  19. ^ "Home - Cavan County Council". www.cavancoco.ie. from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  20. ^ Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017, Schedule (No. 39 of 2017, Schedule). Enacted on 23 December 2017. Act of the Oireachtas. from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 22 December 2021.
  21. ^ European Parliament Elections (Amendment) Act 2019, s. 7: Substitution of Third Schedule to Principal Act (No. 7 of 2019, s. 7). Enacted on 12 March 2019. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 December 2021.
  22. ^ Duffy, Emma (30 April 2017). "The one county that were without a senior hurling team: Cavan reignite the flame". The42. from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  23. ^ - Cavan GAA 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ . Archived from the original on 20 July 2011.
  25. ^ "Census - CSO - Central Statistics Office". www.cso.ie. from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
  26. ^ "Cavan Co. Council, Soils" (PDF).[permanent dead link]
  27. ^ . Archived from the original on 3 September 2012.
  28. ^ "Anglo Celt - Pig farmers face 'worrying times'". from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  29. ^ . Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  30. ^ "Mannok Premium Building Products | PIR + EPS Insulation | Cement | Aircrete Blocks | Rooftiles | Construction Materials". Mannok. from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  31. ^ "Irish Counties by Disposable Income (2014)". from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  32. ^ "Dublin €3k ahead of average income". 27 January 2012. from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 21 July 2012.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to County Cavan.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for County Cavan.
 
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Cavan (county)".
  • Official website  
  • Cavan County Museum
  • Cavan Heritage website
  • Cavan County Council Retail Strategy 2008-2014
  • Development plans for County Cavan and Cavan Town and Environs 9 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine

Coordinates: 53°55′N 7°15′W / 53.917°N 7.250°W / 53.917; -7.250

May 13, 2023
county, cavan, irish, contae, chabháin, county, ireland, province, ulster, part, northern, western, region, named, after, town, cavan, based, historic, gaelic, territory, east, breffny, bréifne, cavan, county, council, local, authority, county, which, populati. County Cavan ˈ k ae v en KAV en Irish Contae an Chabhain is a county in Ireland It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny Breifne 3 4 Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county which had a population of 76 176 at the 2016 census 2 County Cavan Contae an ChabhainCountyCoat of armsNickname The Breffni CountyMotto s Irish Feardhacht is Firinne Manliness and Truth CountryIrelandProvinceUlsterRegionNorthern and WesternEstablished21 August 1579County townCavanGovernment Local authorityCavan County Council Dail constituencyCavan Monaghan EP constituencyMidlands North WestArea 1 Total1 932 km2 746 sq mi Rank19thHighest elevation Cuilcagh 665 m 2 182 ft Population 2022 2 Total81 201 Rank25th Density42 km2 110 sq mi Time zoneUTC 0 WET Summer DST UTC 1 IST Eircode routing keysA82 H12 H14 H16 primarily Telephone area codes042 049 primarily Vehicle indexmark codeCNWebsiteOfficial website Contents 1 Geography 1 1 Climate 2 Subdivisions 2 1 Baronies 2 2 Civil parishes and townlands 2 3 Towns and villages 2 4 Largest towns 2016 3 History 4 Local government and national politics 4 1 Local government 4 2 Former districts 4 3 National elections 4 4 European elections 5 Places of interest 5 1 Natural attractions 6 Transport 6 1 Road 6 2 Rail 6 3 Water 7 Sport 8 Demographics 8 1 Religion 9 Economy 10 Notable people 11 See also 12 References 13 External linksGeography EditCavan borders six counties Leitrim to the west Fermanagh and Monaghan to the north Meath to the south east Longford to the south west and Westmeath to the south Cavan shares a 70 km 43 mi border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland Cavan is the 19th largest of the 32 counties in area and the 25th largest by population 5 Lough Oughter The county is part of the Northern and Western Region a NUTS II area and in that region is part of the Border strategic planning area a NUTS III entity The county is characterised by drumlin countryside dotted with many lakes and hills The north western area of the county is sparsely populated and mountainous The Cuilcagh mountain range contain the highest point Cuilcagh at 665 metres 2 182 feet Cavan is the source of many rivers Shannon Pot on the slopes of Cuilcagh is the source of the River Shannon the longest river in Ireland at 386 km 240 mi The River Erne is a major river which rises from Beaghy Lough two miles 3 km south of Stradone in Cavan and flows for 120 km 75 mi to Lough Erne Other rivers in the county include the Blackwater River which rises near Bailieborough and flows through Lough Ramor joining the River Boyne at Navan the Dee which springs near Bailieborough the River Annalee which flows from Lough Sillan and joins the Erne and the Cladagh river which rises from Cuilcagh and flows into Fermanagh The Glyde and the Owenroe also source in Cavan Cavan is known as The Lakeland County and is reputed to contain 365 lakes 6 At 18 8 km2 7 3 sq mi Lough Sheelin is the county s largest lake it is situated in the south of the county and forms a three way border on its waters between counties Meath Westmeath and Cavan 7 A large complex of lakes form in the north and west of Cavan into designated Specially Protected Areas SPA an example is Lough Oughter Other important wildlife protected lakes such as Lough Gowna and Lough Ramor are in the south and east of the county Cavan has a mainly hilly drumlin landscape and contains just under 7 000 hectares 17 000 acres of forested area 3 6 of Cavan s total land area The county contains forests such as Bellamont Forest near Cootehill Killykeen Forest Park at Lough Oughter a Coillte state forest concern Dun na Ri Forest Park and the Burren Forest Climate Edit See also Climate of Ireland Ballyhaise CavanClimate chart explanation J F M A M J J A S O N D 78 8 2 68 8 2 66 10 3 58 12 4 57 15 6 57 17 11 59 19 12 89 19 12 58 16 9 98 13 6 68 9 3 76 8 3 Average max and min temperatures in C Precipitation totals in mmSource 8 Imperial conversionJFMAMJJASOND 3 1 46 35 2 7 46 35 2 6 49 37 2 3 53 39 2 2 59 43 2 2 63 51 2 3 66 54 3 5 66 53 2 3 61 47 3 9 55 44 2 7 49 38 3 46 37 Average max and min temperatures in F Precipitation totals in inchesMet Eireann records the climate data for Cavan from their station at Ballyhaise Under Koppen climate classification Cavan experiences a maritime temperate oceanic climate with cold winters mild humid summers and a lack of temperature extremes The average maximum January temperature is 8 2 C 47 F while the average maximum July temperature is 19 8 C 68 F On average the sunniest months are May and June while the wettest month is October with 104 4 mm 4 in of rain and the driest months are May and June with 67 8 mm 3 in and 67 9 mm 3 in respectively Humidity is high year round and rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year with the annual precipitation at Ballyhaise being 1 006 mm 40 in On average snow showers occur between November and March In the winter of 2010 11 record low temperatures for November December and January were recorded in Cavan In late December the temperature at the station fell to 15 4 C 4 F its lowest ever On 21 December 2010 a daily maximum of 9 4 C 15 F was recorded at Ballyhaise the lowest daily maximum ever recorded in Ireland 9 Summer daytime temperatures range between 15 C 59 F and 22 C 72 F with temperatures rarely going beyond 25 C 77 F The average annual sunshine hours range between 1 300 hours in the north to 1 500 hours in the south 10 Subdivisions EditBaronies Edit There are eight historic baronies in the county While baronies continue to be officially defined units they are no longer used for many administrative purposes Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003 where official Irish names of baronies are listed under Administrative units Castlerahan Caislean Raithin see Virginia County Cavan Clankee Clann Chaoich Clanmahon Clann Mhathuna Loughtee Lower Lucht Ti Iochtarach Loughtee Upper Lucht Ti Uachtarach whose chief town Cavan is also the county town Tullygarvey Teallach Ghairbhith Tullyhaw Teallach Eathach the largest in the county at 89 852 acres 363 62 km2 Tullyhunco Teallach Dhunchadha Civil parishes and townlands Edit Main article List of townlands of County Cavan Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland There are approximately 1979 townlands in the county Towns and villages Edit Arvagh Bailieborough Ballinagh Ballyconnell Ballyhaise Ballyjamesduff Ballymagauran Bawnboy Belturbet Blacklion Bunnoe Butlersbridge Canningstown Cavan Cootehill Crossdoney Dowra Glangevlin Kilcogy Killeshandra Kilnaleck Kingscourt Lough Gowna Milltown Mountnugent Mullagh Redhills Shercock Stradone Swanlinbar Virginia Largest towns 2016 Edit Main article List of towns and villages in County Cavan by population Cavan 10 914 Bailieborough 2 683 Ballyjamesduff 2 661 Virginia 2 648 Kingscourt 2 499History Edit Cloughoughter Castle From around the thirteenth century the area Cavan was part of the petty kingdom of East Breifne anglicized Breffny O Reilly after its then ruling Gaelic family This in turn was the east division Kingdom of Breifne For this reason the county is colloquially known as the Breffni County 11 A high degree of defence was achieved by using the natural landscape of drumlin hills and loughs The poorly drained heavy clay soils contributed as an obstacle against invasion From the late twelfth century East Breifne were subjected to Norman influence and the remains of several motte and bailie fortifications are still visible as well as the remains of stronger works such as Castlerahan and Clogh Oughter castle The growing influence of several monastic orders in the new diocese called Tir Briuin Breifne from the mid twelfth century with abbey remains existent in locations such as Drumlane and later Trinity Island Historically the Ui Briuin Kingdom of Breifne was part of the western province of Connacht ruled over by the O Rourke clan until around 1256 when under Norman occupation the kingdom was split in half West Breifne still ruled by O Rourkes and East Breifni ruled by O Reillys During the sixteenth century in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I the county of Cavan was formed and transferred to Ulster from 1584 following the composition of Breifne In the south the Lough Sheelin area was part of Leinster until the late 14th century citation needed Under King James I from 1610 the Plantation of Ulster saw the settlement and origins of several new towns within the county that include Bailieborough Cootehill Killeshandra and Virginia Existing towns such as Cavan and Belturbet became over time more important as trading centres Wars during the mid seventeenth century aimed at trying to unsettle the Plantation only led to further plantations of English and Scottish settlers into the county bringing with them better farming methods and the beginnings of a thriving flax and linen industry Some areas of Cavan were hard hit by the Great Famine potato blight between 1845 and 1849 The winter of 1847 is particularly noted for the high levels of deaths nationally caused by diseases such as typhus and cholera Several instances of eviction also occurred during the nineteenth century with one such story where the local landlord in Mountnugent parish decided to evict over 200 people The famous ballad By Lough Sheelin Side is based on this event witnessed by the local Catholic priest Edward Saunderson founder of the Ulster Unionist Council was born in the county However when the Irish Unionist Party met on 9 June 1916 the delegates from Cavan learnt that they would not be included in any temporary exclusion of Ulster from Home Rule they agreed only with very great reluctance 12 Local government and national politics EditLocal government Edit Further information Cavan County Council Results of the 2019 Cavan County Council election Party Seats of votes Change since 2014 Seat ChangeFianna Fail 8 38 9 1 7 1Fine Gael 7 33 4 3 5 No ChangeSinn Fein 1 12 4 5 9 3Labour 0 2 2 1 6 No ChangeIndependent 2 13 2 9 3 2Cavan is divided into three local electoral areas Bailieborough Cootehill Ballyjamesduff Virginia and Cavan Belturbet which hold 18 county council seats in total The 2019 local elections in Cavan had an average voter turnout of 55 5 roughly equalling the turnout in 2014 56 42 The highest turnout for an electoral area was Bailieborough Cootehill with 57 1 Former districts Edit It was formerly divided into the rural districts of Bailieborough Bawnboy Castlerahan Cavan Enniskillen No 2 and Mullaghoran and the urban districts of Cavan Belturbet and Cootehill 13 The rural districts were abolished in 1925 14 Belturbet and Cootehill were downgraded to town commissioners in 1950 15 16 In 2002 the urban district of Cavan and the town commissioners of Belturbet and Cootehill became town councils 17 All town councils in Ireland were abolished in 2014 18 19 National elections Edit County Cavan is within the Dail constituency of Cavan Monaghan which returns five deputies 20 This constituency was created in 1977 replacing the constituency of Cavan which had been in existence from 1921 From 2016 to 2020 the area of West Cavan was within the constituency of Sligo Leitrim European elections Edit For elections to the European Parliament the county is part of the Midlands North West constituency 21 Places of interest EditSee also List of National Monuments in County Cavan Cabra Castle Castle Saunderson Cathedral of Saint Patrick and Saint Felim Cavan County Museum Cloughoughter Castle Drumlane Monastery Killeshandra Church of the Rath Magh Slecht Saint Fethlimidh s Cathedral Saint Kilian Heritage CentreNatural attractions Edit Cuilcagh Dun na Ri Forest Park Killykeen Forest Park Lough Sheelin Marble Arch Caves Global Geopark Rockfield Lake Shannon Erne WaterwayTransport EditRoad Edit Two national primary routes pass through the county The N3 road and the N16 road The N3 is the longest route in Cavan crossing the county for 60 km 37 mi from the Meath border at Whitegate near Virginia and through Belturbet into Fermanagh The N16 begins in Sligo and ends at Blacklion in the far northwestern tip of Cavan it crosses the county for roughly 7 km 4 3 mi Three national secondary routes pass through the county The N87 road begins in Belturbet and passes through Ballyconnell and Swanlinbar before crossing into County Fermanagh where it becomes the A32 The N54 route from Monaghan and Clones joins the N3 at Butlersbridge The N55 links Cavan to Athlone via Ballinagh and Granard Bus Eireann provide bus services to villages and towns across the county including a direct route from Cavan to Dublin Airport Rail Edit In the mid 1850s the Midland Great Western Railway built a line between the Inny Junction in Co Westmeath along their expanding network which was eventually to reach Sligo and Cavan town The first railway station to open in Cavan was Cavan railway station in 1856 Many notable railway stations were built in the 19th century such as Kingscourt railway station and the Cavan and Leitrim Railway The railways were an important part of the economic development of Cavan and carried passengers and freight to all over Ireland The railways also helped the popularity of GAA in Cavan grow spectators could travel easily between towns After World War II due to the shortage of coal in the country uneconomic lines were terminated In 1947 all passenger services were terminated though the transport of freight and livestock continued The Great Northern Railway G N R continued to serve the Cavan and Leitrim Railway However in 1959 all services along the remaining rail lines were terminated and the stations along their routes were closed Belturbet railway station is open as a railway museum Water Edit In the historical context and before water levels in lakes were lowered water transport in the region was once very important through the complex of lakes and waterways that fed into the major river systems such as the Erne Shannon and Boyne Today however this is mainly confined to leisure craft on the River Erne and Shannon Erne Waterway from Belturbet and Ballyconnell as well as for angling activities Cavan also has 365 lakes all around one for everyday of the year Sport EditIn Gaelic football the dominant sport in the county Cavan GAA competes annually in the All Ireland Senior Football Championship which it has won 5 times between 1933 and 1952 The team is currently in division 4 of the National Football League Cavan was the only county in Ireland without a senior hurling team the county board having discontinued the team in 2011 The sport was on the decline and the senior team was disbanded to promote Hurling at junior level Cavan s senior hurling team was reformed in 2017 22 They compete in division 3B of the National Hurling League and in the Lory Meagher Cup The first GAA club founded in Cavan was Ballyconnell in 1885 However the club didn t affiliate to GAA Central Council until March 1886 so that can be taken as the founding of the GAA in Cavan and Ulster 23 The most successful club in Cavan is Cornafean with 20 Senior Football Championship titles their last title was won in 1956 Ramor United are the current senior football champions No team from Cavan has ever won a national or provincial title There are several athletics club and facilities in Cavan including a 300m Tartan track in Shercock There are five athletics clubs in the county including Annalee AC Bailieborough AC Innyvale AC Laragh AC and Shercock AC Cavan has two rugby football clubs Co Cavan R F C and Virginia R F C both teams compete in the Ulster qualifying leagues Fishing is a very popular activity in Cavan because of its complex of large rivers and lakes Cavan blue in action against The Queen s University of Belfast in the 2009 Dr McKenna Cup Below is a list of various sporting clubs in Cavan Club Sport LeagueCavan Gaels GAA Gaelic Football Cavan Senior Football ChampionshipKillinkere Basketball North East League 24 Bailieboro Celtic FC Association football Meath amp District LeagueMullahoran Hurling Cavan Senior Hurling ChampionshipCounty Cavan R F C Rugby Ulster RugbyBailieborough AC Athletics Cavan County ChampionshipsCornafean GAA Gaelic football Cavan Junior Football ChampionshipDemographics EditHistorical populationYearPop 16004 665 16108 911 91 0 165312 001 34 7 165914 703 22 5 1821195 076 1226 8 1831227 933 16 8 1841243 158 6 7 1851174 071 28 4 1861153 906 11 6 1871140 735 8 6 1881129 476 8 0 1891111 917 13 6 190197 541 12 8 191191 173 6 5 192682 452 9 6 193676 670 7 0 194670 355 8 2 195166 377 5 7 195661 740 7 0 196156 594 8 3 196654 022 4 5 197152 618 2 6 197953 720 2 1 198153 855 0 3 198653 965 0 2 199152 796 2 2 199652 944 0 3 200256 546 6 8 200664 003 13 2 201173 183 14 3 201676 176 4 1 202281 201 6 6 2 25 As of 2016 update Cavan had a population of 76 176 2 a modest increase on the 2011 census The 2016 census reported the county s most numerous non Irish nationalities as UK Poland and Lithuania respectively 2 Religion Edit The 2016 Census reported that of Cavan s 76 173 residents 82 62 393 people identified as Roman Catholic Other stated religions made up 11 of the population 8 671 people 5 3 904 people stated that they followed no religion 2 1 209 people did not state their religion The Cathedral of Saint Patrick and Saint Felim in Cavan town is the seat of the Bishop of Kilmore and the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kilmore St Fethlimidh s Cathedral near Cavan town in Kilmore is one of two cathedral churches in the Diocese of Kilmore Elphin and Ardagh of the Church of Ireland The Cavan Baptist Church is located in Oldtown and the Islamic Cultural Centre which is primarily used as a mosque is located in Cavan town There are two Methodist churches located in Ballyconnell and Corlespratten There are a number of Presbyterian churches throughout the county and a restored 1800s Wesleyan Chapel in Bailieborough Economy Edit Cavan town is the most populous in the county Agriculture is the largest industry in the county especially dairy milk processing as well as pig and beef farming Much of Cavan s land consists of clay soils which are rich in minerals but heavy and poorly drained making pasture farming the dominant farming system in the county 26 There is a total farmed area of 144 269 hectares 356 500 acres in the county and there are approximately 219 568 cattle in Cavan Lakeland Dairies Group which is based in Killeshandra and has manufacturing sites located throughout Cavan is Ireland s second largest dairy co operative with an annual revenue of 545 million 27 Cavan is one of Ireland s leading counties for pig production with the county s farms raising a fifth of the national pig herd Pig farming regulations have put pressure on the industry which is highly dependent on affordable credit 28 Traditionally an agricultural economy Cavan has since expanded in other industries chiefly quarrying energy production and manufacturing facilities As of September 2014 update Cavan produced 113 14 MW of wind energy on 9 windfarms The largest wind farm was in Bindoo townland with a capacity of 48 MW 29 needs update Peat cutting exists in the northwest of the county in the Cuilcagh range Major industries such as Quinn Quaries and Gypsum Industries are also important employers within the county There are a number of quarries located in the county and the Quinn cement facility is located in Ballyconnell 30 Average Disposable Income per Person in Cavan is 17 251 roughly 4 000 behind Dublin Ireland s richest county and 89 3 of the state average The county has seen a significant drop in average disposable income since the 2006 Census 31 32 Notable people EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Gerard Beirne writer Henry Brooke writer Charlotte Brooke writer Timothy J Campbell Cavan born American lawyer and politician from New York Dallan Forgaill Saint Dallan or Eochaid mac Colla early Christian poet writer and martyr to whom the original Old Irish words of the hymn Be Thou My Vision are often attributed Marcus Daly Cavan born American businessman known as one of the three Copper Kings of Butte Montana United States Seamus Dolan Fianna Fail politician Eric Dorman Smith British Army Brigadier in WWII later member of the Irish Republican Army Thomas Broken Hand Fitzpatrick famous mountain man U S Indian Agent trailblazer and fur trapper Michael Harding writer Margaret Jane Scott Hawthorne tailor trade unionist and factory inspector Cathal Bui Mac Giolla Ghunna Yellow Cathal McElgunn poet wrote the famous poem An Bonnan Bui The Yellow Bittern Tom MacIntyre writer Leona Maguire professional golfer Neven Maguire chef and television personality Blacklion Owen Roe McGovern former Cavan Gaelic footballer Thomas McGovern former Roman Catholic Bishop of Harrisburg Pennsylvania John William Nixon District Inspector with both the R I C and the R U C and later a Stormont MP Agnes O Farrelly academic writer and political activist Patrick O Rorke US Union Army colonel killed at Gettysburg born Cavan James Owens recipient of the Victoria Cross Mary Anne Sadlier writer Edward James Saunderson Irish Unionist MP and Privy Councillor Brendan Smith TD former Minister for Agriculture Fisheries and Food and former Minister for Justice and Law Reform John P Wilson TD All Ireland SFC Winner and Tanaiste from 1990 to 1993See also EditList of abbeys and priories in Ireland County Cavan Lord Lieutenant of Cavan High Sheriff of Cavan Ralaghan ManReferences Edit Students Corner Stats Facts about your County Cavan Central Statistics Office Ireland Archived from the original on 19 November 2011 a b c d e Census 2016 Sapmap Area County Cavan Central Statistics Office Ireland Archived from the original on 25 November 2020 Retrieved 15 March 2019 Hayward Richard Ulster and the City of Belfast Arthur Barker Ltd 1950 p 234 Shearman Hugh Ulster Robert Hale Limited 1949 p 393 Corry Eoghan 2005 The GAA Book of Lists Hodder Headline Ireland pp 186 191 Knocknalosset it stays with you thisiscavan ie Archived from the original on 14 June 2015 Retrieved 13 June 2015 Shannon regional Fishers Board Archived from the original on 21 July 2011 Retrieved 25 February 2011 From the official website Archived 1 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine of Met Eireann see Carroll Steven 24 December 2010 Tuesday coldest day ever recorded in Ireland The Irish Times Archived from the original on 30 November 2020 Retrieved 3 January 2021 Monthly Weather Bulletin Met Eireann The Irish Meteorological Service Online 14 October 2006 Archived from the original on 14 October 2006 Cumann Luthchleas Gael Uladh Archived 11 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine Ulster gaa ie Retrieved on 23 July 2013 p154 WS Ref 687 Witness M J Curran Rector Irish College Rome 1921 Archived 23 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine Bureau of Military History 1926 Census Table 9 Population Area and Valuation of urban and rural districts and of all towns with a population of 1 500 inhabitants or over showing particulars of town and village population and of the number of persons per 100 acres PDF Central Statistics Office p 19 Retrieved 16 August 2022 Local Government Act 1925 s 3 Abolition of rural district councils No 5 of 1925 s 3 Enacted on 26 March 1925 Act of the Oireachtas Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 22 December 2021 Belturbet Urban District De Urbanisation Order 1950 S I No 74 of 1950 Signed on 1 April 1950 Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland Retrieved from Irish Statute Book Cootehil Urban District De Urbanisation Order 1950 S I No 75 of 1950 Signed on 1 April 1950 Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland Retrieved from Irish Statute Book Local Government Act 2001 6th Sch Local Government Areas Towns No 37 of 2001 6th Sch Enacted on 21 July 2001 Act of the Oireachtas Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 May 2022 Local Government Reform Act 2014 s 24 Dissolution of town councils and transfer date No 1 of 2014 s 24 Enacted on 27 January 2014 Act of the Oireachtas Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 May 2022 Home Cavan County Council www cavancoco ie Archived from the original on 19 January 2021 Retrieved 3 January 2021 Electoral Amendment Dail Constituencies Act 2017 Schedule No 39 of 2017 Schedule Enacted on 23 December 2017 Act of the Oireachtas Archived from the original on 18 July 2018 Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 22 December 2021 European Parliament Elections Amendment Act 2019 s 7 Substitution of Third Schedule to Principal Act No 7 of 2019 s 7 Enacted on 12 March 2019 Act of the Oireachtas Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 December 2021 Duffy Emma 30 April 2017 The one county that were without a senior hurling team Cavan reignite the flame The42 Archived from the original on 4 March 2021 Retrieved 28 July 2020 Cavan GAA Archived 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine North East League Archived from the original on 20 July 2011 Census CSO Central Statistics Office www cso ie Archived from the original on 13 July 2019 Retrieved 21 June 2019 Cavan Co Council Soils PDF permanent dead link Lakeland Dairies Annual Report Archived from the original on 3 September 2012 Anglo Celt Pig farmers face worrying times Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 21 July 2012 Irish Wind Energy Association Wind Farm Details by County Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 17 January 2021 Mannok Premium Building Products PIR EPS Insulation Cement Aircrete Blocks Rooftiles Construction Materials Mannok Archived from the original on 16 January 2021 Retrieved 3 January 2021 Irish Counties by Disposable Income 2014 Archived from the original on 10 July 2017 Retrieved 25 February 2016 Dublin 3k ahead of average income 27 January 2012 Archived from the original on 12 October 2012 Retrieved 21 July 2012 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to County Cavan Wikivoyage has a travel guide for County Cavan Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Cavan county Official website Cavan County Museum Cavan Heritage website Cavan County Council Retail Strategy 2008 2014 Development plans for County Cavan and Cavan Town and Environs Archived 9 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine Coordinates 53 55 N 7 15 W 53 917 N 7 250 W 53 917 7 250 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title County Cavan amp oldid 1151216013, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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