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Count Gustav Kálnoky

January 01, 1970

Count Gustav Siegmund Kálnoky von Kőröspatak (Hungarian: gróf Kálnoky Gusztáv Zsigmond) (December 29, 1832 – February 13, 1898), was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat and statesman.

Count Gustav Kálnoky by Jan Vilímek

Biography edit

Kálnoky was born in Letovice (Lettowitz), Moravia to an old Transylvanian family which had held comital rank in Hungary from the 17th century. After spending some years in a hussar regiment, in 1854 he entered the diplomatic service without giving up his connection with the army, in which he reached the rank of general in 1879. He was for the ten years (1860–1870) secretary of embassy at London, and then, after serving at Rome and Copenhagen, was in 1880 appointed ambassador at St. Petersburg. His success in Russia procured for him, on the death of Baron Heinrich Karl von Haymerle in 1881, the appointment of minister of foreign affairs for Austria-Hungary, a post which he held for fourteen years.[1]

Essentially a diplomatist, he took little or no part in the vexed internal affairs of the Dual Monarchy, and he came little before the public except at the annual statement on foreign affairs before the Delegations. His management of the affairs of his department was, however, very successful; he confirmed and maintained the alliance with Germany, which had been formed by his predecessors, and co-operated with Bismarck in the arrangements by which Italy joined the alliance. Kálnoky's special influence was seen in the improvement of Austrian relations with Russia, following on the meeting of the three emperors in September 1884 at Skierniewice, at which he was present. His Russophile policy caused some adverse criticism in Hungary. His friendliness for Russia did not, however, prevent him from strengthening the position of Austria as against Russia in the Balkan Peninsula by the establishment later of a closer political and commercial understanding with Serbia and Romania. In 1885 he interfered after the battle of Slivnitsa to arrest the advance of the Bulgarians on Belgrade, but he lost influence in Serbia after the abdication of King Milan.[1]

Though he kept aloof from the Clerical party, Kálnoky was a strong Catholic; and his sympathy for the difficulties of the Church caused adverse comment in Italy, when, in 1891, he stated in a speech before the Delegations that the question of the position of the Pope was still unsettled. He subsequently explained that by this he did not refer to the Roman question, which was permanently settled, but to the possibility of the Pope leaving Rome. The jealousy felt in Hungary against the Ultramontanes led to his fall. In 1895 a case of clerical interference in the internal affairs of Hungary by the nuncio Antonio Agliardi aroused a strong protest in the Hungarian parliament, and consequent differences between Dezső Bánffy, the Hungarian minister, and the minister for foreign affairs led to Kálnoky's resignation. He died in Brodek u Prostějova (Prödlitz).[1]

He was awarded the Serbian order of Order of the Cross of Takovo.

Orders and decorations edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kalnóky, Gustav Siegmund, Count". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 643–644.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "K. u. K. Ministerium des kaiserlichen Hauses und des Aeussern", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, Vienna: Druck und Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1895, p. 203
  3. ^ a b c "Ritter-orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, Vienna: Druck und Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1895, pp. 63, 65, 70
  4. ^ Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1892) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1892 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1892] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. pp. 5, 10 – via da:DIS Danmark.
  5. ^ Sovereign Ordonnance of 11 April 1882
  6. ^ "Königlich Preussische Ordensliste", Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), 1, Berlin: 9, 1886
  7. ^ Acović, Dragomir (2012). Slava i čast: Odlikovanja među Srbima, Srbi među odlikovanjima. Belgrade: Službeni Glasnik. p. 93.
  8. ^ Sveriges statskalender (PDF) (in Swedish), Stockholm, 1894, p. 400 – via gupea.ub.gu.se{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links edit

  • Encyclopedia of Austria
Preceded by Minister of Foreign Affairs
1881–1895 		Succeeded by

January 01, 1970
count, gustav, kálnoky, count, gustav, siegmund, kálnoky, kőröspatak, hungarian, gróf, kálnoky, gusztáv, zsigmond, december, 1832, february, 1898, austro, hungarian, diplomat, statesman, vilímek, contents, biography, orders, decorations, also, references, exte. Count Gustav Siegmund Kalnoky von Korospatak Hungarian grof Kalnoky Gusztav Zsigmond December 29 1832 February 13 1898 was an Austro Hungarian diplomat and statesman Count Gustav Kalnoky by Jan Vilimek Contents 1 Biography 2 Orders and decorations 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksBiography editKalnoky was born in Letovice Lettowitz Moravia to an old Transylvanian family which had held comital rank in Hungary from the 17th century After spending some years in a hussar regiment in 1854 he entered the diplomatic service without giving up his connection with the army in which he reached the rank of general in 1879 He was for the ten years 1860 1870 secretary of embassy at London and then after serving at Rome and Copenhagen was in 1880 appointed ambassador at St Petersburg His success in Russia procured for him on the death of Baron Heinrich Karl von Haymerle in 1881 the appointment of minister of foreign affairs for Austria Hungary a post which he held for fourteen years 1 Essentially a diplomatist he took little or no part in the vexed internal affairs of the Dual Monarchy and he came little before the public except at the annual statement on foreign affairs before the Delegations His management of the affairs of his department was however very successful he confirmed and maintained the alliance with Germany which had been formed by his predecessors and co operated with Bismarck in the arrangements by which Italy joined the alliance Kalnoky s special influence was seen in the improvement of Austrian relations with Russia following on the meeting of the three emperors in September 1884 at Skierniewice at which he was present His Russophile policy caused some adverse criticism in Hungary His friendliness for Russia did not however prevent him from strengthening the position of Austria as against Russia in the Balkan Peninsula by the establishment later of a closer political and commercial understanding with Serbia and Romania In 1885 he interfered after the battle of Slivnitsa to arrest the advance of the Bulgarians on Belgrade but he lost influence in Serbia after the abdication of King Milan 1 Though he kept aloof from the Clerical party Kalnoky was a strong Catholic and his sympathy for the difficulties of the Church caused adverse comment in Italy when in 1891 he stated in a speech before the Delegations that the question of the position of the Pope was still unsettled He subsequently explained that by this he did not refer to the Roman question which was permanently settled but to the possibility of the Pope leaving Rome The jealousy felt in Hungary against the Ultramontanes led to his fall In 1895 a case of clerical interference in the internal affairs of Hungary by the nuncio Antonio Agliardi aroused a strong protest in the Hungarian parliament and consequent differences between Dezso Banffy the Hungarian minister and the minister for foreign affairs led to Kalnoky s resignation He died in Brodek u Prostejova Prodlitz 1 He was awarded the Serbian order of Order of the Cross of Takovo Orders and decorations edit nbsp nbsp Austria Hungary 2 Knight of the Imperial Order of Leopold 1868 3 Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St Stephen 1883 3 Knight of the Golden Fleece 1887 3 nbsp Kingdom of Bavaria Knight of St Hubert 2 nbsp Belgium Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold 2 nbsp Empire of Brazil Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ 2 nbsp Denmark 4 Grand Cross of the Dannebrog 8 January 1880 Knight of the Elephant 18 May 1889 nbsp Holy See Grand Cross of St Gregory the Great 2 nbsp Sovereign Military Order of Malta Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion 2 nbsp Monaco Grand Cross of St Charles 11 April 1882 5 nbsp Kingdom of Portugal Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword 2 nbsp Kingdom of Prussia Knight of the Black Eagle 25 July 1883 6 nbsp Kingdom of Serbia 2 Grand Cross of the White Eagle Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo 7 nbsp Spain Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III with Collar 2 nbsp nbsp Sweden Norway Knight of the Seraphim 20 April 1885 8 See also editTriple Alliance Kalnoky family Valea CrisuluiReferences edit a b c nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Kalnoky Gustav Siegmund Count Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 643 644 a b c d e f g h i K u K Ministerium des kaiserlichen Hauses und des Aeussern Hof und Staatshandbuch der Osterreichisch Ungarischen Monarchie Vienna Druck und Verlag der K K Hof und Staatsdruckerei 1895 p 203 a b c Ritter orden Hof und Staatshandbuch der Osterreichisch Ungarischen Monarchie Vienna Druck und Verlag der K K Hof und Staatsdruckerei 1895 pp 63 65 70 Bille Hansen A C Holck Harald eds 1892 1st pub 1801 Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1892 State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1892 PDF Kongelig Dansk Hof og Statskalender in Danish Copenhagen J H Schultz A S Universitetsbogtrykkeri pp 5 10 via da DIS Danmark Sovereign Ordonnance of 11 April 1882 Koniglich Preussische Ordensliste Preussische Ordens Liste in German 1 Berlin 9 1886 Acovic Dragomir 2012 Slava i cast Odlikovanja među Srbima Srbi među odlikovanjima Belgrade Sluzbeni Glasnik p 93 Sveriges statskalender PDF in Swedish Stockholm 1894 p 400 via gupea ub gu se a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint location missing publisher link External links editEncyclopedia of Austria Preceded byBaron Haymerle Minister of Foreign Affairs1881 1895 Succeeded byCount Goluchowski Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Count Gustav Kalnoky amp oldid 1201094247, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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