fbpx
Wikipedia

Cope and Stewardson

January 20, 2023

Cope and Stewardson (1885–1912) was a Philadelphia architecture firm founded by Walter Cope and John Stewardson, and best known for its Collegiate Gothic building and campus designs.[1] Cope and Stewardson established the firm in 1885, and were joined by John's brother Emlyn in 1887. It went on to become one of the most influential and prolific firms of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. They made formative additions to the campuses of Bryn Mawr College, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Washington University in St. Louis.[2] They also designed nine cottages and an administrative building at the Sleighton School, which showed their adaptability to other styles, because their buildings here were Colonial Revival with Federal influences. In 1912, the firm was succeeded by Stewardson and Page formed by Emlyn Stewardson and George Bispham Page.[3]

Style and influence

 
Alfred C. Harrison Building, Philadelphia (1894-95, demolished 1969).

Although Walter Cope and John Stewardson were major exponents of the Collegiate Gothic style which swept campuses across the country in the latter part of the nineteenth century, they were equally adept at other styles. Their first important commission was the main YMCA for Richmond, Virginia (1885–87), designed in a Richardsonian Romanesque style.

Their earliest major Collegiate Gothic building was Radnor Hall at Bryn Mawr College (1886), where, ironically, they replaced Cope's mentor Addison Hutton as campus architects. Commissions shortly followed for buildings on the campuses of the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, and Washington University in St. Louis (serving as administrative buildings for the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair).[4] Although these academic buildings were their hallmark, other projects included residential, commercial, institution, and industrial buildings.

The firm designed Philadelphia buildings for the Harrison brothers, heirs to an enormous sugar-refining fortune. The Charles Custis Harrison Building (1893–94) was a Richardsonian Romanesque office building at 10th and Market Streets.[5] It was demolished in 1979 to build The Gallery at Market East, an urban shopping mall. Directly north of it was the Harrison Stores (1893–94), a block-long commercial building and warehouse. This burned in 1984 during a renovation, and was demolished. The Alfred Craven Harrison Building (1894–95) was a chateauesque hotel and office tower at the southwest corner of 15th and Market Streets, opposite Broad Street Station. Demolished in 1969, the site is now occupied by the Centre Square Building and Claes Oldenburg's Clothespin. The firm also designed "Anoatak," the Georgian Revival style home of Civil War General Thomas L. Kane and Dr. Elizabeth Kane in Kane, PA.

Charles Custis Harrison became provost of the University of Pennsylvania in 1894, and immediately removed Frank Furness as unofficial campus architect, replacing him with Cope & Stewardson.[6] Under Harrison, the university embarked on the biggest building boom in its history, with Cope & Stewardson designing the mammoth Quadrangle dormitories and new buildings for the engineering school, medical school, dental school, veterinary school, law school, zoological labs and English department – most clad in Collegiate Gothic. The firm also collaborated with architects Wilson Eyre and Frank Miles Day on the initial phases of the Arts & Crafts-style University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (1895–99).

 
Cope & Stewardson offices, circa 1899

As important as their contribution to the architecture of Philadelphia and its environs is the role which Cope & Stewardson played in architectural education. Great numbers of young apprentices and would-be architects passed their days of training in the office, making it a general stopping place for many architects who would later become famous in their own right. In 1923 the annual T-Square club exhibition catalog published a photograph of the Cope & Stewardson office from about 1899. Included in the number of partners and younger architects are: Walter Cope; John A. MacMahon; James O. Betelle (later of Newark, NJ); Emlyn Stewardson; S. A. Cloud; Wetherill P. Trout; Herbert C. Wise; James P. Jamieson; Eugene S. Powers; E. Perot Bissell; Louise Stavely; Charles H. Bauer (later in Newark, NJ); William Woodburn Potter; John Molitor, Camillo Porecca; and C. Wharton Churchman.

Walter Cope (1860–1902)

In 1860, Walter Cope was born in Philadelphia to Thomas P. Cope and Elizabeth Waln Stokes Cope. After graduating from the Germantown Friends School, he attended classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1883. In 1885 the firm of Cope & Stewardson was established.

Cope was a founding member of the T-Square Club in 1883 and later served as vice-president, secretary, treasurer, president, and as a member of the executive committee. He was also a Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania from 1892 to 1902. After teaching at Penn, he became a Professor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. He died after suffering a stroke in 1902.

Cope was also part of the investigating committee appointed to study conditions governing the new State Capitol Building competition in 1901. From 1896 to 1898 he was chairman of the committee on the restoration of Independence Hall.

John Stewardson (1858–1896)

John Stewardson, son of Thomas and Margaret Haines Stewardson, was born in 1858. His early education had been in private Christian schools in the Philadelphia area. He continued his studies at Adams Academy in Quincy, Massachusetts, from 1873 to 1877. After graduation, he entered Harvard College, but left in 1878. He briefly continued his studies at the University of Pennsylvania and then joined the Atelier Pascal in Paris, France. In 1882 he returned to Philadelphia, working first in T. P. Chandler's office and then in the office of Frank Furness.

In 1884 he returned to Europe to travel through Italy and Belgium. A year later, he joined in personal practice with Walter Cope. They were joined in 1887 by John's younger brother Emlyn L. Stewardson, who had recently graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in civil engineering.

In 1892, Stewardson joined the University of Pennsylvania as staff lecturer in their new School of Architecture. He was also one of the founding members of the T-Square Club, serving in 1885 and 1891 as president of that organization. He also served as treasurer of the Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1886.

He is credited with the taste for English Gothic Revival which Cope & Stewardson used in their collegiate buildings. Talbot Hamlin, in his biographical description, for the Dictionary of American Biography notes that, following Stewardson's trip to England in 1894, the buildings at the University of Pennsylvania, which were on the boards at the time, changed from stone structures to brick with stone trim.

Stewardson died in 1896 after a skating accident on the Schuylkill River, where he had gone for an afternoon's outing with his friend, the architect Wilson Eyre. Following his funeral his fellow architects established a fund, now known as the prestigious Stewardson Fellowship, which is awarded annually to promising young architects from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to study architecture abroad. He is interred with a modest marker at Philadelphia's Laurel Hill Cemetery, Section 14, Plots 235&236.

Selected Buildings

 
Radnor Hall, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania (1887).
 
University of Pennsylvania Law School (now Silverman Hall), Philadelphia (1898–1901).
 
Blair Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey (1896).
 
Graham Chapel, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri (1909).

Bryn Mawr College

  • Radnor Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1887)
  • Denbigh Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1890–91)
  • Dalton Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1893)
  • Pembroke Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1892–94)
  • The Deanery, Bryn Mawr College (1894–96)
  • Rockefeller Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1901–04)
  • M. Carey Thomas Library, Bryn Mawr College (1904–07)

University of Pennsylvania

Princeton University

  • Blair Hall, Princeton University (1896)
  • Buyers Hall, Princeton University (1896)
  • The Ivy Club, Princeton University (1897)
  • Stafford Little Hall, Princeton University (1898)
  • University Gymnasium, Princeton University (1902)

Washington University in St. Louis

  • Busch Hall, Washington University in St. Louis (1900)
  • Cupples Hall I, Washington University in St. Louis (1901)
  • Cupples Hall II, Washington University in St. Louis (1901)
  • Prince Hall, Washington University in St. Louis (1901, demolished 2006)
  • Ridgley Hall and Holmes Lounge, Washington University in St. Louis (1902)
  • Umrath Hall, Washington University in St. Louis (1902)
  • , Washington University in St. Louis (1902)
  • Francis Gymnasium, Washington University in St. Louis (1902)
  • Brookings Hall, Washington University in St. Louis (1902). Served as the administration building during the 1904 World's Fair.
  • McMillan Hall, Washington University in St. Louis (1907)
  • Graham Chapel, Washington University in St. Louis (1909)

Buildings Elsewhere

Darlington, Maryland

Walter Cope designed more than a dozen residences in and around Darlington, Maryland.[12]

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Cope & Stewardson (1885–1912)
  2. ^ Cope & Stewardson at Washington University in St. Louis 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Stewardson and Page (fl. 1912–1936)
  4. ^ . Archived from the original on 2010-06-03. Retrieved 2009-06-13.
  5. ^ Charles C. Harrison Building from HABS.
  6. ^ George E. Thomas, et al., Frank Furness: The Complete Works (Princeton University Press, 1996), pp. 54-55.
  7. ^ [1], from Penn Virtual Tour.
  8. ^ Potter, Janet Greenstein (1996). Great American Railroad Stations. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 190. ISBN 978-0471143895.
  9. ^ "PHMC Cultural Resources Database".
  10. ^ "About Sleighton School | Save Sleighton".
  11. ^ "Fire roars through building on old Sleighton Farm school in Edgemont", Delaware County Daily Times, March 30, 2014.
  12. ^ Darlington Historic District NRHP nomination form 2012-01-11 at the Wayback Machine
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cope and Stewardson.

External links

  • Wash. U. Historical Campus Tour

January 20, 2023
cope, stewardson, 1885, 1912, philadelphia, architecture, firm, founded, walter, cope, john, stewardson, best, known, collegiate, gothic, building, campus, designs, established, firm, 1885, were, joined, john, brother, emlyn, 1887, went, become, most, influent. Cope and Stewardson 1885 1912 was a Philadelphia architecture firm founded by Walter Cope and John Stewardson and best known for its Collegiate Gothic building and campus designs 1 Cope and Stewardson established the firm in 1885 and were joined by John s brother Emlyn in 1887 It went on to become one of the most influential and prolific firms of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries They made formative additions to the campuses of Bryn Mawr College Princeton University the University of Pennsylvania and Washington University in St Louis 2 They also designed nine cottages and an administrative building at the Sleighton School which showed their adaptability to other styles because their buildings here were Colonial Revival with Federal influences In 1912 the firm was succeeded by Stewardson and Page formed by Emlyn Stewardson and George Bispham Page 3 Quadrangle Dormitories University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 1895 Brookings Hall Washington University in St Louis Missouri 1900 1902 Contents 1 Style and influence 2 Walter Cope 1860 1902 3 John Stewardson 1858 1896 4 Selected Buildings 4 1 Bryn Mawr College 4 2 University of Pennsylvania 4 3 Princeton University 4 4 Washington University in St Louis 4 5 Buildings Elsewhere 4 5 1 Darlington Maryland 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksStyle and influence Edit Alfred C Harrison Building Philadelphia 1894 95 demolished 1969 Although Walter Cope and John Stewardson were major exponents of the Collegiate Gothic style which swept campuses across the country in the latter part of the nineteenth century they were equally adept at other styles Their first important commission was the main YMCA for Richmond Virginia 1885 87 designed in a Richardsonian Romanesque style Their earliest major Collegiate Gothic building was Radnor Hall at Bryn Mawr College 1886 where ironically they replaced Cope s mentor Addison Hutton as campus architects Commissions shortly followed for buildings on the campuses of the University of Pennsylvania Princeton University and Washington University in St Louis serving as administrative buildings for the 1904 St Louis World s Fair 4 Although these academic buildings were their hallmark other projects included residential commercial institution and industrial buildings The firm designed Philadelphia buildings for the Harrison brothers heirs to an enormous sugar refining fortune The Charles Custis Harrison Building 1893 94 was a Richardsonian Romanesque office building at 10th and Market Streets 5 It was demolished in 1979 to build The Gallery at Market East an urban shopping mall Directly north of it was the Harrison Stores 1893 94 a block long commercial building and warehouse This burned in 1984 during a renovation and was demolished The Alfred Craven Harrison Building 1894 95 was a chateauesque hotel and office tower at the southwest corner of 15th and Market Streets opposite Broad Street Station Demolished in 1969 the site is now occupied by the Centre Square Building and Claes Oldenburg s Clothespin The firm also designed Anoatak the Georgian Revival style home of Civil War General Thomas L Kane and Dr Elizabeth Kane in Kane PA Charles Custis Harrison became provost of the University of Pennsylvania in 1894 and immediately removed Frank Furness as unofficial campus architect replacing him with Cope amp Stewardson 6 Under Harrison the university embarked on the biggest building boom in its history with Cope amp Stewardson designing the mammoth Quadrangle dormitories and new buildings for the engineering school medical school dental school veterinary school law school zoological labs and English department most clad in Collegiate Gothic The firm also collaborated with architects Wilson Eyre and Frank Miles Day on the initial phases of the Arts amp Crafts style University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 1895 99 Cope amp Stewardson offices circa 1899 As important as their contribution to the architecture of Philadelphia and its environs is the role which Cope amp Stewardson played in architectural education Great numbers of young apprentices and would be architects passed their days of training in the office making it a general stopping place for many architects who would later become famous in their own right In 1923 the annual T Square club exhibition catalog published a photograph of the Cope amp Stewardson office from about 1899 Included in the number of partners and younger architects are Walter Cope John A MacMahon James O Betelle later of Newark NJ Emlyn Stewardson S A Cloud Wetherill P Trout Herbert C Wise James P Jamieson Eugene S Powers E Perot Bissell Louise Stavely Charles H Bauer later in Newark NJ William Woodburn Potter John Molitor Camillo Porecca and C Wharton Churchman Walter Cope 1860 1902 EditIn 1860 Walter Cope was born in Philadelphia to Thomas P Cope and Elizabeth Waln Stokes Cope After graduating from the Germantown Friends School he attended classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1883 In 1885 the firm of Cope amp Stewardson was established Cope was a founding member of the T Square Club in 1883 and later served as vice president secretary treasurer president and as a member of the executive committee He was also a Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania from 1892 to 1902 After teaching at Penn he became a Professor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts He died after suffering a stroke in 1902 Cope was also part of the investigating committee appointed to study conditions governing the new State Capitol Building competition in 1901 From 1896 to 1898 he was chairman of the committee on the restoration of Independence Hall John Stewardson 1858 1896 EditJohn Stewardson son of Thomas and Margaret Haines Stewardson was born in 1858 His early education had been in private Christian schools in the Philadelphia area He continued his studies at Adams Academy in Quincy Massachusetts from 1873 to 1877 After graduation he entered Harvard College but left in 1878 He briefly continued his studies at the University of Pennsylvania and then joined the Atelier Pascal in Paris France In 1882 he returned to Philadelphia working first in T P Chandler s office and then in the office of Frank Furness In 1884 he returned to Europe to travel through Italy and Belgium A year later he joined in personal practice with Walter Cope They were joined in 1887 by John s younger brother Emlyn L Stewardson who had recently graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in civil engineering In 1892 Stewardson joined the University of Pennsylvania as staff lecturer in their new School of Architecture He was also one of the founding members of the T Square Club serving in 1885 and 1891 as president of that organization He also served as treasurer of the Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects AIA in 1886 He is credited with the taste for English Gothic Revival which Cope amp Stewardson used in their collegiate buildings Talbot Hamlin in his biographical description for the Dictionary of American Biography notes that following Stewardson s trip to England in 1894 the buildings at the University of Pennsylvania which were on the boards at the time changed from stone structures to brick with stone trim Stewardson died in 1896 after a skating accident on the Schuylkill River where he had gone for an afternoon s outing with his friend the architect Wilson Eyre Following his funeral his fellow architects established a fund now known as the prestigious Stewardson Fellowship which is awarded annually to promising young architects from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to study architecture abroad He is interred with a modest marker at Philadelphia s Laurel Hill Cemetery Section 14 Plots 235 amp 236 Selected Buildings Edit Radnor Hall Bryn Mawr College Bryn Mawr Pennsylvania 1887 University of Pennsylvania Law School now Silverman Hall Philadelphia 1898 1901 Blair Hall Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 1896 Graham Chapel Washington University in St Louis Missouri 1909 Bryn Mawr College Edit Radnor Hall Bryn Mawr College 1887 Denbigh Hall Bryn Mawr College 1890 91 Dalton Hall Bryn Mawr College 1893 Pembroke Hall Bryn Mawr College 1892 94 The Deanery Bryn Mawr College 1894 96 Rockefeller Hall Bryn Mawr College 1901 04 M Carey Thomas Library Bryn Mawr College 1904 07 University of Pennsylvania Edit Quadrangle Dormitories University of Pennsylvania 1895 7 University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 1895 99 with Wilson Eyre and Frank Miles Day Law School University of Pennsylvania 1898 01 Towne Building University of Pennsylvania 1903 05 2 Veterinary School University of Pennsylvania 1906 11 St Anthony Hall House University of Pennsylvania c 1908 Bennett Hall University of Pennsylvania 1910 Evans Building School of Dentistry University of Pennsylvania 1910 with John T Windrim Leidy Labs Zoology University of Pennsylvania 1911 3 Princeton University Edit Blair Hall Princeton University 1896 4 Buyers Hall Princeton University 1896 The Ivy Club Princeton University 1897 Stafford Little Hall Princeton University 1898 5 University Gymnasium Princeton University 1902 Washington University in St Louis Edit Busch Hall Washington University in St Louis 1900 Cupples Hall I Washington University in St Louis 1901 Cupples Hall II Washington University in St Louis 1901 Prince Hall Washington University in St Louis 1901 demolished 2006 Ridgley Hall and Holmes Lounge Washington University in St Louis 1902 Umrath Hall Washington University in St Louis 1902 Eads Hall Washington University in St Louis 1902 Francis Gymnasium Washington University in St Louis 1902 Brookings Hall Washington University in St Louis 1902 Served as the administration building during the 1904 World s Fair McMillan Hall Washington University in St Louis 1907 Graham Chapel Washington University in St Louis 1909 Buildings Elsewhere Edit Young Men s Christian Association 6th amp Main Streets Richmond Virginia 1885 87 demolished Graystone Abram Huston House Coatesville Pennsylvania 1889 Charles Custis Harrison Building 1001 05 Market Street Philadelphia 1893 94 demolished 1979 Harrison Stores 1001 25 Filbert Street Philadelphia 1893 94 demolished 1984 Alfred Craven Harrison Building 4 South 15th Street Philadelphia 1894 95 demolished 1969 Anoatok Kane Pennsylvania 1896 Now Kane Manor Inn Catholic Philopatrian Literary Institute 1923 Walnut Street Philadelphia 1897 Lloyd Hall Haverford College Haverford Pennsylvania 1898 99 Overbrook School for the Blind 6333 Malvern Avenue Philadelphia 1899 Philadelphia amp Reading Railroad Elkins Park Station Spring and Park Avenues Elkins Park Pennsylvania 1899 8 Lukens Main Office Building 50 South 1st Avenue Coatesville Pennsylvania 1902 1916 John A Wilson Building District Building Washington DC 1908 College of Physicians of Philadelphia 19 South 22nd Street Philadelphia 1909 Sleighton Farm School Glen Mills Pennsylvania 1909 10 9 A reformatory for troubled girls C amp S designed the administration building and 9 residence buildings 10 The campus was abandoned in 2001 and several of its vacant buildings have been the target of arsonists 11 Darlington Maryland Edit Walter Cope designed more than a dozen residences in and around Darlington Maryland 12 Gray Gables Darlington Maryland 1884 Gallery Edit YMCA Richmond Virginia 1885 87 demolished Graystone Coatesville Pennsylvania 1889 Quadrangle Dormitories University of Pennsylvania 1895 University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 1895 99 with Wilson Eyre and Frank Miles Day Anoatok Kane Pennsylvania 1896 Now Kane Manor Inn Blair Arch Princeton University 1896 Buyers Hall Princeton University 1896 The Ivy Club Princeton University 1897 Catholic Philopatrian Literary Institute Philadelphia 1897 Stafford Little Hall Princeton University 1898 Overbrook School for the Blind Philadelphia 1899 Brookings Hall Washington University in St Louis 1902 Ridgley Hall Washington University in St Louis 1902 Holmes Lounge Washington University in St Louis 1902 Built as the university library Francis Field Gateway Washington University in St Louis 1902 McMillan Hall Washington University in St Louis 1907 College of Physicians of Philadelphia 1909 References Edit Cope amp Stewardson 1885 1912 Cope amp Stewardson at Washington University in St Louis Archived 2010 05 27 at the Wayback Machine Stewardson and Page fl 1912 1936 A Glorious World s Fair Transforms a University Campus Archived from the original on 2010 06 03 Retrieved 2009 06 13 Charles C Harrison Building from HABS George E Thomas et al Frank Furness The Complete Works Princeton University Press 1996 pp 54 55 1 from Penn Virtual Tour Potter Janet Greenstein 1996 Great American Railroad Stations New York John Wiley amp Sons Inc p 190 ISBN 978 0471143895 PHMC Cultural Resources Database About Sleighton School Save Sleighton Fire roars through building on old Sleighton Farm school in Edgemont Delaware County Daily Times March 30 2014 Darlington Historic District NRHP nomination form Archived 2012 01 11 at the Wayback Machine Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cope and Stewardson External links EditWash U Historical Campus Tour Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cope and Stewardson amp oldid 1105589269, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.