Copaifera langsdorffii, also known as the diesel tree, is a tropical rainforest tree. It has many names in local languages, including kupa'y, cabismo, and copaúva.[2]: 5
Copaifera langsdorffii
Copaifera langsdorfii in a park in São Paulo Brazil
Copaifera langsdorffii is a medium-sized to large tree usually reaching 12 m (39 ft) in height, with white flowers and small, oily fruits. The wood is light due to its porosity, and it is honeycombed with capillaries filled with oil. Tapping the tree involves cutting a well into which the oil seeps and where it can be easily collected. The tree does not grow well outside of the tropics.[2]: 8
Usesedit
Biodiesel useedit
The diesel tree produces terpenehydrocarbons in its wood and leaves, and this had led to interest in the search for sources of renewable energy.[2]: 10 According to early cited anecdotal reports, the tree could be tapped for 40 litres (11 US gal) of oil, and an acre of 100 mature trees could produce 25 barrels of oil yearly.[2]: 4 These reports were carried in 2007 by Australian media after an Australian citizen in Mackay, Queensland imported seeds of the plant in hopes of growing diesel fuel in Australia.[3] However, a 2003 study showed that the actual yields of oleoresin are considerably lower: small trees, with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 35 centimeters, produce no oil at all; and medium sized trees (DBH between 55–65) produced more oil than large trees (DBH greater than 65). No tree in the study produced more than 1 litre (0.26 US gal) of fuel.[4] A 2006 study by Oliviera et al. agreed with the 2003 study, and further found that the best time to tap the trees was in spring.[2]: 10 Summarizing these findings, a report by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture stated: "[C. langsdorffii's] likelihood as an efficient producer of readily extractable oleoresins appears very slim."[5]
The main compound in the oil is copaiba (15%), an oleoresin which is useful in the production of oil products such as lacquers and can be used as biodiesel. After filtration, this oil can be used in the engine of a regular diesel automobile.[2]: 10 Some natives have been reported to use the fuel for cooking.[2]: 9
Wood usesedit
The wood is highly resistant to natural decay, and as such is used in carpentry where the tree is native.[2]: 9
Natives in the Amazon use the oil collected from the tree as a traditional medicine: primarily as an expectorant and antiseptic, but also for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and dermatosis.[2]: 9–10 It has also recently been discovered that this oil is extremely good as a healing agent, therefore increasing the oil's value[citation needed].
Referencesedit
^Groom, A. (2012). "Copaifera langsdorffii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T19892010A20043600. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T19892010A20043600.en. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ abcdefghijCsurhes, Steve; Navie, Sheldon (2016). Invasive weed risk assessment: Diesel tree Copaifera langsdorfii(PDF). Queensland, Australia: Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Queensland Government. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
^"Seeds to fuel Mike's diesel tree dream". Daily Mercury. 3 January 2007. Retrieved 2017-12-24.
^Plowden, Campbell (2003-12-01). "Production ecology of CopaÍba (Copaifera spp.) oleoresin in the eastern brazilian Amazon". Economic Botany. 57 (4): 491–501. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0491:PEOCCS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0013-0001. S2CID 41833905.
^Poteet, Michael D. (2006). (PDF). Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, prepared by contract for the State of Hawaii Department of Agriculture. pp. 55–56. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-10. Retrieved 2017-12-24.
copaifera, langsdorffii, also, known, diesel, tree, tropical, rainforest, tree, many, names, local, languages, including, kupa, cabismo, copaúva, copaifera, langsdorfii, park, são, paulo, brazil, conservation, status, least, concern, iucn, scientific, classifi. Copaifera langsdorffii also known as the diesel tree is a tropical rainforest tree It has many names in local languages including kupa y cabismo and copauva 2 5 Copaifera langsdorffii Copaifera langsdorfii in a park in Sao Paulo Brazil Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Fabales Family Fabaceae Genus Copaifera Species C langsdorffii Binomial name Copaifera langsdorffiiDesf Fruit of Copaifera langsdorffii Contents 1 Biological description 2 Uses 2 1 Biodiesel use 2 2 Wood uses 2 3 Beekeeping 2 4 Medical 3 References 4 External linksBiological description editCopaifera langsdorffii is a medium sized to large tree usually reaching 12 m 39 ft in height with white flowers and small oily fruits The wood is light due to its porosity and it is honeycombed with capillaries filled with oil Tapping the tree involves cutting a well into which the oil seeps and where it can be easily collected The tree does not grow well outside of the tropics 2 8 Uses editBiodiesel use edit The diesel tree produces terpene hydrocarbons in its wood and leaves and this had led to interest in the search for sources of renewable energy 2 10 According to early cited anecdotal reports the tree could be tapped for 40 litres 11 US gal of oil and an acre of 100 mature trees could produce 25 barrels of oil yearly 2 4 These reports were carried in 2007 by Australian media after an Australian citizen in Mackay Queensland imported seeds of the plant in hopes of growing diesel fuel in Australia 3 However a 2003 study showed that the actual yields of oleoresin are considerably lower small trees with a diameter at breast height DBH of 35 centimeters produce no oil at all and medium sized trees DBH between 55 65 produced more oil than large trees DBH greater than 65 No tree in the study produced more than 1 litre 0 26 US gal of fuel 4 A 2006 study by Oliviera et al agreed with the 2003 study and further found that the best time to tap the trees was in spring 2 10 Summarizing these findings a report by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture stated C langsdorffii s likelihood as an efficient producer of readily extractable oleoresins appears very slim 5 The main compound in the oil is copaiba 15 an oleoresin which is useful in the production of oil products such as lacquers and can be used as biodiesel After filtration this oil can be used in the engine of a regular diesel automobile 2 10 Some natives have been reported to use the fuel for cooking 2 9 Wood uses edit The wood is highly resistant to natural decay and as such is used in carpentry where the tree is native 2 9 Beekeeping edit European honey bees are strongly attracted to the tree for its pollen making it a mainstay of Brazilian apiculture 2 11 Medical edit Natives in the Amazon use the oil collected from the tree as a traditional medicine primarily as an expectorant and antiseptic but also for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and dermatosis 2 9 10 It has also recently been discovered that this oil is extremely good as a healing agent therefore increasing the oil s value citation needed References edit Groom A 2012 Copaifera langsdorffii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012 e T19892010A20043600 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2012 RLTS T19892010A20043600 en Retrieved 19 December 2022 a b c d e f g h i j Csurhes Steve Navie Sheldon 2016 Invasive weed risk assessment Diesel tree Copaifera langsdorfii PDF Queensland Australia Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Biosecurity Queensland Queensland Government Retrieved 24 December 2017 Seeds to fuel Mike s diesel tree dream Daily Mercury 3 January 2007 Retrieved 2017 12 24 Plowden Campbell 2003 12 01 Production ecology of CopaIba Copaifera spp oleoresin in the eastern brazilian Amazon Economic Botany 57 4 491 501 doi 10 1663 0013 0001 2003 057 0491 PEOCCS 2 0 CO 2 ISSN 0013 0001 S2CID 41833905 Poteet Michael D 2006 Biodiesel Crop Implementation in Hawaii PDF Hawaii Agriculture Research Center prepared by contract for the State of Hawaii Department of Agriculture pp 55 56 Archived from the original PDF on 2017 08 10 Retrieved 2017 12 24 External links editNew Crop Info Agroforestry Database Entry Wood Morphology Archived 2015 11 21 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Copaifera langsdorffii amp oldid 1160267496, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
