Connaraceae is a tropical family, the most important genera of which, Connarus (approximately 80 species) and Rourea (40-70 species) have a pan-tropical distribution.[6]: 107 Their habitat is generally lowland tropical rain forest and savanna.
Description
Connaraceae are typically evergreen trees, shrubs or climbers. Connarus is represented by species in all three lifeforms,[6] while Rourea species are climbers. Their leaves are pinnate, trifoliate or rarely entire, alternate, without stipules and with a pulvinus at the base of the petiole.
Connarus guianensis is economically important for its decorative wood, zebra wood.[7]
Fossil leaflet impression described as Rourea miocaudata from India shows close resemblance to leaflets of the extant Rourea caudata, it has been recorded from the lower part of the Siwalik sediments (Dafla Formation, middle–upper Miocene) of Pinjoli area in West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh.[8]Permineralized wood of a stem with the distinctive anatomy of a liana has been described with fossil fruits from a locality in the lower Miocene (19 mya) Cucaracha Formation, where the formation is exposed by the Culebra Cut of the Panama Canal. The anatomy of this fossil wood matches the genus Rourea. Fossil record of Connaraceae is sparse, reliable occurrences indicate that the family originated as early as the late Cretaceous-Paleocene and was widespread by the early Miocene.[9]
References
^ ab"Connaraceae". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
^ abBrown, R. (1818). "Appendix No. V: Observations, systematical and geographical, on Professor Christian Smith's collection of plants from the vicinity of the River Congo". In Tuckey, J.H. (ed.). Narrative of an expedition to explore the river Zaire, usually called the Congo, in South Africa, in 1816. p. 431.
^illustration circa 1820 from Pierre Jean François Turpin (1775-1840) - Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. Planches … Botanique classée d’après la méthode naturelle de M. Antoine-Laurent vol. 5 plate 267
^"Connaraceae". The Plant List. Version 1.1. 2013. Retrieved 2016-09-18.
^Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
^ abHeywood, V.H.; Brummitt, R.K.; Culham, A.; Seberg, O. (2007). Flowering plant families of the world. Firefly Books. ISBN9781554072064.
^"Encyclopedia Britannica: Connaraceae plant family". Retrieved 24 April 2018.
^First fossil evidence of Connaraceae R. Br. from Indian Cenozoic and its phytogeographical significance by MAHASIN ALI KHAN and SUBIR BERA - Journal of Earth System Science - July 2016, Volume 125, Issue 5, pp 1079–1087
^A liana from the lower Miocene of Panama and the fossil record of Connaraceae by Nathan A Jud and Chris W Nelson - American Journal of Botany 2017 May 12;104(5):685-693.
External links
Family Connaraceae
Information about Oxalidales - Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
Wikispecies has information related to Connaraceae.
January 20, 2023
connaraceae, tropical, plant, family, genera, more, than, species, largely, evergreen, trees, woody, shrubs, climbers, agelaea, lamarckii, scientific, classificationkingdom, plantaeclade, tracheophytesclade, angiospermsclade, eudicotsclade, rosidsorder, oxalid. Connaraceae is a pan tropical plant family of 19 4 genera and more than 180 species 5 of largely evergreen trees woody shrubs and climbers ConnaraceaeAgelaea lamarckii 3 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder OxalidalesFamily ConnaraceaeR Br 1 2 The family was first described by Robert Brown in 1816 and the name has been conserved 1 2 Contents 1 Distribution 2 Description 3 Genera 4 Fossil record 5 References 6 External linksDistribution EditConnaraceae is a tropical family the most important genera of which Connarus approximately 80 species and Rourea 40 70 species have a pan tropical distribution 6 107 Their habitat is generally lowland tropical rain forest and savanna Description EditConnaraceae are typically evergreen trees shrubs or climbers Connarus is represented by species in all three lifeforms 6 while Rourea species are climbers Their leaves are pinnate trifoliate or rarely entire alternate without stipules and with a pulvinus at the base of the petiole Connarus guianensis is economically important for its decorative wood zebra wood 7 Genera EditAgelaea Burttia Cnestidium Cnestis Connarus Ellipanthus Hemandradenia Jaundea Jollydora Manotes Paxia Pseudoconnarus Rourea Roureopsis Santalodes Santaloides Spiropetalum Taeniochlaena VismianthusFossil record EditFossil leaflet impression described as Rourea miocaudata from India shows close resemblance to leaflets of the extant Rourea caudata it has been recorded from the lower part of the Siwalik sediments Dafla Formation middle upper Miocene of Pinjoli area in West Kameng district Arunachal Pradesh 8 Permineralized wood of a stem with the distinctive anatomy of a liana has been described with fossil fruits from a locality in the lower Miocene 19 mya Cucaracha Formation where the formation is exposed by the Culebra Cut of the Panama Canal The anatomy of this fossil wood matches the genus Rourea Fossil record of Connaraceae is sparse reliable occurrences indicate that the family originated as early as the late Cretaceous Paleocene and was widespread by the early Miocene 9 References Edit a b Connaraceae Australian Plant Name Index IBIS database Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research Australian Government a b Brown R 1818 Appendix No V Observations systematical and geographical on Professor Christian Smith s collection of plants from the vicinity of the River Congo In Tuckey J H ed Narrative of an expedition to explore the river Zaire usually called the Congo in South Africa in 1816 p 431 illustration circa 1820 from Pierre Jean Francois Turpin 1775 1840 Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles Planches Botanique classee d apres la methode naturelle de M Antoine Laurent vol 5 plate 267 Connaraceae The Plant List Version 1 1 2013 Retrieved 2016 09 18 Christenhusz M J M amp Byng J W 2016 The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase Phytotaxa Magnolia Press 261 3 201 217 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 261 3 1 a b Heywood V H Brummitt R K Culham A Seberg O 2007 Flowering plant families of the world Firefly Books ISBN 9781554072064 Encyclopedia Britannica Connaraceae plant family Retrieved 24 April 2018 First fossil evidence of Connaraceae R Br from Indian Cenozoic and its phytogeographical significance by MAHASIN ALI KHAN and SUBIR BERA Journal of Earth System Science July 2016 Volume 125 Issue 5 pp 1079 1087 A liana from the lower Miocene of Panama and the fossil record of Connaraceae by Nathan A Jud and Chris W Nelson American Journal of Botany 2017 May 12 104 5 685 693 External links EditFamily Connaraceae Information about Oxalidales Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Wikispecies has information related to Connaraceae Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Connaraceae amp oldid 1062615052, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
