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Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software

Computer-assisted (or aided) qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) offers tools that assist with qualitative research such as transcription analysis, coding and text interpretation, recursive abstraction, content analysis, discourse analysis,[1] grounded theory methodology, etc.

Definition edit

CAQDAS is used in psychology, marketing research, ethnography, public health and other social sciences. The CAQDAS networking project lists the following tools a CAQDAS[2] program should have:

  • Content searching tools
  • Code grouping tools[3]
  • Linking tools
  • Mapping or networking tools
  • Query tools
  • Alternative visual representation tools
  • Writing and annotation tools

Comparison of CAQDAS software edit

Application Type License Source Last Release Analyses OS Supported Tools
Aquad Client Free – GPL Open 2017-02 Text, Audio, Video, Graphics Windows Coding, Sequence Analysis, Exploratory Data Analysis
Atlas.ti Client Proprietary Closed 2022-07[4] Text, Audio, Video, Graphic, Social Networks Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, Cloud (web-based) Coding, Aggregation, Query, Visualisation
Cassandre Web-based/server Free – GPL Open 2018-10-09 Text All (java-based) Coding
CLAN Client Free – GPL Open 2019-06-10 Text Windows, macOS, Linux Coding
Coding Analysis Toolkit (CAT) Web-based Free – GPL Open 2014-06-28[5] Text All (web browser) Coding
Compendium Client Free – LGPL Open 2014-02 Text All (java-based) Coding
Dovetail Web-based Proprietary Closed 2021-08 Text, Audio, Video All (web browser) Coding, Query, Visualisation
Dedoose Web-based Proprietary Closed 2016-12 Text, Audio, Video All (web browser) Coding, Query, Visualisation, Statistical Tools
ELAN Client Free – GPL Open 2018-12-12[6] Audio, Video Windows, macOS, Linux Coding
KH Coder Client Free – GPL Open 2015-12-29[7] Text Windows, macOS, Linux
MAXQDA Client Proprietary Closed 2019-02-05 Text, audio, video, pictures, webpages, social networks Windows, macOS Coding, Aggregation, Query, Visualisation, Statistical Tools
NVivo Client Proprietary Closed 2023-04[8] Text, audio, video, pictures, webpages Windows, macOS Coding, Aggregation, Query, Visualisation
QDAcity Web-based Proprietary Closed 2024-04-05 Text, PDF All Coding
QDA Miner Client Proprietary Closed 2016-11 Windows
QDA Miner Lite Client Proprietary Closed 2017-01-12 Text Windows Coding
Qiqqa Client Proprietary Closed 2016-09 Windows, Android
QualCoder Client Free – MIT License Open 2023-01-19[9] Text, audio, video, pictures Windows, macOS, Linux Coding, Query, Visualization, Analysis
Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package (qdap) (R package) Client Free – GPL Open 2019-01-02[10] Text Windows, macOS, Linux Word extracting, statistical analysis, visualization
Quirkos Client / Web-based Proprietary Closed 2023-01[11] Text Windows, macOS, Linux,[12] All (web browser) Coding, Query, Visualisation
Requal (R package) Client / Web-based Free – MIT License Open 2023-05[13] Text All (web browser) Coding, Intercoder Agreement, Log
RQDA (R package) Client Free – GPL Open 2018-03[14] Text Windows, macOS, Linux Coding, Aggregation, Query, Visualisation
Taguette Client / Web-based Free Open 2024-04[15] Text Windows, macOS Coding
Transana Client Proprietary, used to be GPL[16] Closed 2017-11[17] Text, Audio, Video Windows, macOS Coding
XSight Client Proprietary Closed 2006 (abandoned) Windows

Project Exchange Format edit

In 2019, the Rotterdam Exchange Format Initiative (REFI) launched a new open exchange standard for qualitative data called QDA-XML,[18] however, the Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis (CAQDAS) Network Project had been formally stablished in 1994.[2] The aim is to allow users to bring coded qualitative data from one software package to another. Initially support was included in Atlas.ti, QDA Miner, Quirkos and Transana, and is now implemented in Dedoose, MAXQDA, NVivo and more.[19] Although this was not the first standard to be proposed, it was the first to be implemented by more than one software package, and came as the result of a collaboration between vendors and community representatives from the research community. Previously there was very little capability to bring data in from other software packages.

Training edit

The CAQDAS Network Project hosts events on the use of CAQDAS packages for qualitative and mixed-methods analysis. They include:[2]

  • fee-based in-person short courses
  • open-registration Webinars designed to raise awareness
  • open-registration Webinars that are methodological or pedagogical in nature
  • podcasts

Pros and cons edit

Such software helps to organize, manage and analyse information.[20] The advantages of using this software include saving time, managing huge amounts of qualitative data, having increased flexibility, having improved validity and auditability of qualitative research, and being freed from manual and clerical tasks. Concerns include increasingly deterministic and rigid processes, privileging of coding, and retrieval methods; reification of data, increased pressure on researchers to focus on volume and breadth rather than on depth and meaning, time and energy spent learning to use computer packages, increased commercialism, and distraction from the real work of analysis.[21]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Paulus, Trena M.; Lester, Jessica Nina (2016). "ATLAS.ti for conversation and discourse analysis studies". International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 19 (4): 405–428. doi:10.1080/13645579.2015.1021949. S2CID 144482072.
  2. ^ a b c "CAQDAS networking project | University of Surrey". www.surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  3. ^ "Analytic tasks and CAQDAS tools | University of Surrey". www.surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  4. ^ "Updates". ATLAS.ti – The Qualitative Data Analysis & Research Software. Retrieved 2022-07-20.
  5. ^ "Coding Analysis Toolkit". 28 June 2014.
  6. ^ "ELAN Release Notes – The Language Archive". tla.mpi.nl. Retrieved 2019-03-27.
  7. ^ "KH Coder download site". Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  8. ^ "NVivo". Lumivero. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
  9. ^ "QualCoder GitHub website". GitHub. January 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  10. ^ "qdap GitHub website". GitHub. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  11. ^ "Quirkos 2.5.2 is released".
  12. ^ "Quirkos for Linux". 27 August 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  13. ^ "RE-QDA/Requal". GitHub.
  14. ^ http://rqda.r-forge.r-project.org/
  15. ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.taguette.org/%7Caccessdate=22 April 2024
  16. ^ "Transana website". Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  17. ^ . Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  18. ^ Evers, Jeanine (May 2020). "What is the REFI-QDA Standard: Experimenting With the Transfer of Analyzed Research Projects Between QDA Software". Forum: Qualitative Social Research (FQS). 21 (2): 22.
  19. ^ "Choosing a CAQDAS package | University of Surrey". www.surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  20. ^ Banner, DJ; Albarrran, JW (2009). "Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software: a review". Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 19 (3): 24–31. PMID 19694114.
  21. ^ St John, W; Johnson, P (2000). "The pros and cons of data analysis software for qualitative research". Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 32 (4): 393–7. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2000.00393.x. PMID 11140204.

-External links edit

  • The CAQDAS networking project maintained by the University of Surrey offers advice and reviews on various software packages.
  • Harald Klein's comprehensive guide to CAQDAS


computer, assisted, qualitative, data, analysis, software, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, styl. This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation August 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message Computer assisted or aided qualitative data analysis software CAQDAS offers tools that assist with qualitative research such as transcription analysis coding and text interpretation recursive abstraction content analysis discourse analysis 1 grounded theory methodology etc Contents 1 Definition 2 Comparison of CAQDAS software 3 Project Exchange Format 4 Training 5 Pros and cons 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksDefinition editCAQDAS is used in psychology marketing research ethnography public health and other social sciences The CAQDAS networking project lists the following tools a CAQDAS 2 program should have Content searching tools Code grouping tools 3 Linking tools Mapping or networking tools Query tools Alternative visual representation tools Writing and annotation toolsComparison of CAQDAS software editApplication Type License Source Last Release Analyses OS Supported Tools Aquad Client Free GPL Open 2017 02 Text Audio Video Graphics Windows Coding Sequence Analysis Exploratory Data Analysis Atlas ti Client Proprietary Closed 2022 07 4 Text Audio Video Graphic Social Networks Windows macOS iOS Android Cloud web based Coding Aggregation Query Visualisation Cassandre Web based server Free GPL Open 2018 10 09 Text All java based Coding CLAN Client Free GPL Open 2019 06 10 Text Windows macOS Linux Coding Coding Analysis Toolkit CAT Web based Free GPL Open 2014 06 28 5 Text All web browser Coding Compendium Client Free LGPL Open 2014 02 Text All java based Coding Dovetail Web based Proprietary Closed 2021 08 Text Audio Video All web browser Coding Query Visualisation Dedoose Web based Proprietary Closed 2016 12 Text Audio Video All web browser Coding Query Visualisation Statistical Tools ELAN Client Free GPL Open 2018 12 12 6 Audio Video Windows macOS Linux Coding KH Coder Client Free GPL Open 2015 12 29 7 Text Windows macOS Linux MAXQDA Client Proprietary Closed 2019 02 05 Text audio video pictures webpages social networks Windows macOS Coding Aggregation Query Visualisation Statistical Tools NVivo Client Proprietary Closed 2023 04 8 Text audio video pictures webpages Windows macOS Coding Aggregation Query Visualisation QDAcity Web based Proprietary Closed 2024 04 05 Text PDF All Coding QDA Miner Client Proprietary Closed 2016 11 Windows QDA Miner Lite Client Proprietary Closed 2017 01 12 Text Windows Coding Qiqqa Client Proprietary Closed 2016 09 Windows Android QualCoder Client Free MIT License Open 2023 01 19 9 Text audio video pictures Windows macOS Linux Coding Query Visualization Analysis Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package qdap R package Client Free GPL Open 2019 01 02 10 Text Windows macOS Linux Word extracting statistical analysis visualization Quirkos Client Web based Proprietary Closed 2023 01 11 Text Windows macOS Linux 12 All web browser Coding Query Visualisation Requal R package Client Web based Free MIT License Open 2023 05 13 Text All web browser Coding Intercoder Agreement Log RQDA R package Client Free GPL Open 2018 03 14 Text Windows macOS Linux Coding Aggregation Query Visualisation Taguette Client Web based Free Open 2024 04 15 Text Windows macOS Coding Transana Client Proprietary used to be GPL 16 Closed 2017 11 17 Text Audio Video Windows macOS Coding XSight Client Proprietary Closed 2006 abandoned WindowsProject Exchange Format editIn 2019 the Rotterdam Exchange Format Initiative REFI launched a new open exchange standard for qualitative data called QDA XML 18 however the Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis CAQDAS Network Project had been formally stablished in 1994 2 The aim is to allow users to bring coded qualitative data from one software package to another Initially support was included in Atlas ti QDA Miner Quirkos and Transana and is now implemented in Dedoose MAXQDA NVivo and more 19 Although this was not the first standard to be proposed it was the first to be implemented by more than one software package and came as the result of a collaboration between vendors and community representatives from the research community Previously there was very little capability to bring data in from other software packages Training editThe CAQDAS Network Project hosts events on the use of CAQDAS packages for qualitative and mixed methods analysis They include 2 fee based in person short courses open registration Webinars designed to raise awareness open registration Webinars that are methodological or pedagogical in nature podcastsPros and cons editSuch software helps to organize manage and analyse information 20 The advantages of using this software include saving time managing huge amounts of qualitative data having increased flexibility having improved validity and auditability of qualitative research and being freed from manual and clerical tasks Concerns include increasingly deterministic and rigid processes privileging of coding and retrieval methods reification of data increased pressure on researchers to focus on volume and breadth rather than on depth and meaning time and energy spent learning to use computer packages increased commercialism and distraction from the real work of analysis 21 See also editComparison of survey software Idea networking Multimethodology Computer Assisted Mixed Methods Research Analysis Software Qualitative economics Qualitative marketing research Qualitative psychological research Quantitative research Sampling case studies SensemakingReferences edit Paulus Trena M Lester Jessica Nina 2016 ATLAS ti for conversation and discourse analysis studies International Journal of Social Research Methodology 19 4 405 428 doi 10 1080 13645579 2015 1021949 S2CID 144482072 a b c CAQDAS networking project University of Surrey www surrey ac uk Retrieved 2023 10 19 Analytic tasks and CAQDAS tools University of Surrey www surrey ac uk Retrieved 2023 10 19 Updates ATLAS ti The Qualitative Data Analysis amp Research Software Retrieved 2022 07 20 Coding Analysis Toolkit 28 June 2014 ELAN Release Notes The Language Archive tla mpi nl Retrieved 2019 03 27 KH Coder download site Retrieved 11 March 2017 NVivo Lumivero Retrieved 2023 08 01 QualCoder GitHub website GitHub January 2023 Retrieved 13 June 2023 qdap GitHub website GitHub Retrieved 18 February 2017 Quirkos 2 5 2 is released Quirkos for Linux 27 August 2015 Retrieved 11 September 2015 RE QDA Requal GitHub http rqda r forge r project org cite web url https www taguette org 7Caccessdate 22 April 2024 Transana website Retrieved 2 February 2016 Transana website Archived from the original on 13 July 2017 Retrieved 19 May 2017 Evers Jeanine May 2020 What is the REFI QDA Standard Experimenting With the Transfer of Analyzed Research Projects Between QDA Software Forum Qualitative Social Research FQS 21 2 22 Choosing a CAQDAS package University of Surrey www surrey ac uk Retrieved 2023 10 19 Banner DJ Albarrran JW 2009 Computer assisted qualitative data analysis software a review Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 19 3 24 31 PMID 19694114 St John W Johnson P 2000 The pros and cons of data analysis software for qualitative research Journal of Nursing Scholarship 32 4 393 7 doi 10 1111 j 1547 5069 2000 00393 x PMID 11140204 External links editThe CAQDAS networking project maintained by the University of Surrey offers advice and reviews on various software packages Harald Klein s comprehensive guide to CAQDAS nbsp This sociology related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Computer assisted qualitative data analysis software amp oldid 1220130484, wikipedia, wiki, 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