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Composition of heated tobacco product emissions

December 01, 2023

The composition of the emissions generated from heated tobacco products are generally lower than that found in cigarette smoke.[1] This is due to the comparatively low temperatures, the filter systems, and physical design.[1] The composition of what is produced is complex.[2] The main toxicants found in the emissions of cigarette smoke (i.e., tar, nicotine, carbonyl compounds, and nitrosamines) are also found in the emissions of these products in varying concentrations.[3] The aerosol generated contains levels of nicotine and cancer-causing chemicals that are comparable to regular cigarettes.[4] The emissions contained 84% of the nicotine found in regular cigarettes.[5]

The available research on the mainstream and exhaled aerosol generated by these products is limited, as of 2018.[6] They do not generate side-stream emissions.[6] The exhaled aerosol is highly volatile because it is made up of liquid particles that evaporate quickly.[6] The particle size of their emissions have a median aerodynamic diameter that is somewhat bigger than those found in cigarette smoke.[2] There is a lack of agreement on the composition of the emissions in the documented literature, as of 2018.[7] These products, however, still pose health risks.[1] Lower levels of harmful emissions has been shown, but lowering the risk to the smoker who transitions to using them has not been shown, as of 2018.[2] As a result of the various types of heated tobacco products, the characteristics and effects for each type will be different.[8]

Since the 1960s heated tobacco products were in development by tobacco companies.[9] Safer heated tobacco products that deliver nicotine but limit emissions of tar or carbon monoxide (CO) is a half-century old idea, which had been unsuccessfully market-tested since 1988, first as Premier by the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR) and later as Eclipse (RJR) and Accord Philip Morris International (PMI).[10] Various heated products were reintroduced to the market, as of 2018.[11]

Introduction edit

Heated tobacco products are electronic devices that heat processed tobacco to supposedly deliver an aerosol with fewer toxicants than in cigarette smoke.[10] Commercially available heated tobacco systems like glo (produced by British American Tobacco (BAT)) or IQOS (Philip Morris International (PMI)) include a charger, a holder and tobacco sticks, plugs or capsules.[10] Inserted into the holder, tobacco sticks are heated with an electronically controlled heating element.[10] Other products, like iFuse from BAT or Ploom Tech from Japan Tobacco (JT), produce aerosol from a non-tobacco source and pass it through a tobacco plug to absorb flavor and nicotine.[10] Heated tobacco products aim for a niche between combustible tobacco smoking and electronic cigarettes that aerosolize nicotine suspended in humectants.[10]

Since the 1960s heated tobacco products were in development by tobacco companies.[9] Safer heated tobacco products that deliver nicotine but limit emissions of tar or carbon monoxide (CO) is a half-century-old idea, which had been unsuccessfully market-tested since 1988, first as Premier by the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR) and later as Eclipse (RJR) and Accord (PMI).[10] As of 2018, various heated tobacco products were reintroduced to the market.[11] Japan, where manufacturers have marketed several heated tobacco brands since 2014, has been the focal national test market, with the intention of developing global marketing strategies.[12] According to a 2018 report, the launching of the latest incarnation of heated tobacco products is a reiteration of similar efforts in the past to use similar products to undermine tobacco control, particularly efforts that present the tobacco industry as a harm reduction partner.[13]

As of 2018, of the current heated tobacco products, IQOS was launched in several cities in Japan, Italy and Switzerland in 2014, iFuse was released in Romania in 2015 and glo and Ploom Tech were introduced to Japanese cities in 2016.[10] Due to regulations restricting the sale of nicotine-containing e-cigarettes, Japan was a fertile market for heated tobacco producers, suggesting that the products have potential 'for explosive global growth'.[10] By 2017, IQOS was available in 30 countries and was being considered by United States Food and Drug Administration for a reduced-risk product approval, and the UK was one of the first countries to assign a separate taxation category for heated tobacco products.[10]

List of substances edit

Substances emitted exist as gases,[2] liquid droplets,[6] and particulate matter.[8]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Pieper, Elke; Mallock, Nadja; Henkler-Stephani, Frank; Luch, Andreas (2018). "Tabakerhitzer als neues Produkt der Tabakindustrie: Gesundheitliche Risiken" ["Heat not burn" tobacco devices as new tobacco industry products: health risks]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz (in German). 61 (11): 1422–1428. doi:10.1007/s00103-018-2823-y. ISSN 1436-9990. PMID 30284624.  This article incorporates text by Elke Pieper, Nadja Mallock, Frank Henkler-Stephani, and Andreas Luch available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Dautzenberg, B.; Dautzenberg, M.-D. (2018). "Le tabac chauffé : revue systématique de la littérature" [Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on heated tobacco]. Revue des Maladies Respiratoires (in French). 36 (1): 82–103. doi:10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.010. ISSN 0761-8425. PMID 30429092.
  3. ^ a b c d e Kaur, Gurjot; Muthumalage, Thivanka; Rahman, Irfan (2018). "Mechanisms of toxicity and biomarkers of flavoring and flavor enhancing chemicals in emerging tobacco and non-tobacco products". Toxicology Letters. 288: 143–155. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.025. ISSN 0378-4274. PMC 6549714. PMID 29481849.
  4. ^ Jenssen, Brian P.; Walley, Susan C.; McGrath-Morrow, Sharon A. (2017). "Heat-not-Burn Tobacco Products: Tobacco Industry Claims No Substitute for Science". Pediatrics. 141 (1): e20172383. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-2383. ISSN 0031-4005. PMID 29233936.
  5. ^ Ziedonis, Douglas; Das, Smita; Larkin, Celine (2017). "Tobacco use disorder and treatment: New challenges and opportunities". Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 19 (3): 271–80. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.3/dziedonis. PMC 5741110. PMID 29302224.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Kaunelienė, Violeta; Meišutovič-Akhtarieva, Marija; Martuzevičius, Dainius (2018). "A review of the impacts of tobacco heating system on indoor air quality versus conventional pollution sources". Chemosphere. 206: 568–578. Bibcode:2018Chmsp.206..568K. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.039. ISSN 0045-6535. PMID 29778082.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g McNeill 2018, p. 210.
  8. ^ a b McNeill 2018, p. 219.
  9. ^ a b Elias, Jesse; Dutra, Lauren M; St. Helen, Gideon; Ling, Pamela M (2018). "Revolution or redux? Assessing IQOS through a precursor product". Tobacco Control. 27 (Suppl 1): s102–s110. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054327. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 6238084. PMID 30305324.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Simonavicius, Erikas; McNeill, Ann; Shahab, Lion; Brose, Leonie S (2018). "Heat-not-burn tobacco products: a systematic literature review". Tobacco Control. 28 (5): tobaccocontrol–2018–054419. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054419. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 6824610. PMID 30181382.  This article incorporates text by Erikas Simonavicius, Ann McNeill1, Lion Shahab, and Leonie S Brose available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  11. ^ a b Staal, Yvonne CM; van de Nobelen, Suzanne; Havermans, Anne; Talhout, Reinskje (2018). "New Tobacco and Tobacco-Related Products: Early Detection of Product Development, Marketing Strategies, and Consumer Interest". JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 4 (2): e55. doi:10.2196/publichealth.7359. ISSN 2369-2960. PMC 5996176. PMID 29807884.  This article incorporates text by Yvonne CM Staal, Suzanne van de Nobelen, Anne Havermans, and Reinskje Talhout available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  12. ^ Shi, Yuyan; Caputi, Theodore L.; Leas, Eric; Dredze, Mark; Cohen, Joanna E.; Ayers, John W. (2017). "They're heating up: Internet search query trends reveal significant public interest in heat-not-burn tobacco products". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0185735. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285735C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185735. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5636077. PMID 29020019.  This article incorporates text by Theodore L. Caputi, Eric Leas, Mark Dredze, Joanna E. Cohen, and John W. Ayers available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  13. ^ Bialous, Stella A; Glantz, Stanton A (2018). "Heated tobacco products: another tobacco industry global strategy to slow progress in tobacco control". Tobacco Control. 27 (Suppl 1): s111–s117. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054340. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 6202178. PMID 30209207.  This article incorporates text by Stella A Bialous and Stanton A Glantz available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  14. ^ a b "Heated tobacco products (HTPs) information sheet". World Health Organization. May 2018.
  15. ^ a b c d McNeill 2018, p. 216.
  16. ^ a b Górski, Paweł (2019). "E-cigarettes or heat-not-burn tobacco products – advantages or disadvantages for the lungs of smokers". Advances in Respiratory Medicine. 87 (2): 123–134. doi:10.5603/ARM.2019.0020. ISSN 2543-6031. PMID 31038725.
  17. ^ Li, Xiangyu; Luo, Yanbo; Jiang, Xingyi; Zhang, Hongfei; Zhu, Fengpeng; Hu, Shaodong; Hou, Hongwei; Hu, Qingyuan; Pang, Yongqiang (2019). "Chemical Analysis and Simulated Pyrolysis of Tobacco Heating System 2.2 Compared to Conventional Cigarettes". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 111–118. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty005. ISSN 1462-2203. PMID 29319815.

Bibliography edit

  • McNeill, A; Brose, LS; Calder, R; Bauld, L; Robson, D (2018). "Evidence review of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018" (PDF). UK: Public Health England. pp. 1–243.

December 01, 2023
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The composition of the emissions generated from heated tobacco products are generally lower than that found in cigarette smoke 1 This is due to the comparatively low temperatures the filter systems and physical design 1 The composition of what is produced is complex 2 The main toxicants found in the emissions of cigarette smoke i e tar nicotine carbonyl compounds and nitrosamines are also found in the emissions of these products in varying concentrations 3 The aerosol generated contains levels of nicotine and cancer causing chemicals that are comparable to regular cigarettes 4 The emissions contained 84 of the nicotine found in regular cigarettes 5 The available research on the mainstream and exhaled aerosol generated by these products is limited as of 2018 6 They do not generate side stream emissions 6 The exhaled aerosol is highly volatile because it is made up of liquid particles that evaporate quickly 6 The particle size of their emissions have a median aerodynamic diameter that is somewhat bigger than those found in cigarette smoke 2 There is a lack of agreement on the composition of the emissions in the documented literature as of 2018 7 These products however still pose health risks 1 Lower levels of harmful emissions has been shown but lowering the risk to the smoker who transitions to using them has not been shown as of 2018 2 As a result of the various types of heated tobacco products the characteristics and effects for each type will be different 8 Since the 1960s heated tobacco products were in development by tobacco companies 9 Safer heated tobacco products that deliver nicotine but limit emissions of tar or carbon monoxide CO is a half century old idea which had been unsuccessfully market tested since 1988 first as Premier by the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company RJR and later as Eclipse RJR and Accord Philip Morris International PMI 10 Various heated products were reintroduced to the market as of 2018 11 Contents 1 Introduction 2 List of substances 3 See also 4 References 5 BibliographyIntroduction editHeated tobacco products are electronic devices that heat processed tobacco to supposedly deliver an aerosol with fewer toxicants than in cigarette smoke 10 Commercially available heated tobacco systems like glo produced by British American Tobacco BAT or IQOS Philip Morris International PMI include a charger a holder and tobacco sticks plugs or capsules 10 Inserted into the holder tobacco sticks are heated with an electronically controlled heating element 10 Other products like iFuse from BAT or Ploom Tech from Japan Tobacco JT produce aerosol from a non tobacco source and pass it through a tobacco plug to absorb flavor and nicotine 10 Heated tobacco products aim for a niche between combustible tobacco smoking and electronic cigarettes that aerosolize nicotine suspended in humectants 10 Since the 1960s heated tobacco products were in development by tobacco companies 9 Safer heated tobacco products that deliver nicotine but limit emissions of tar or carbon monoxide CO is a half century old idea which had been unsuccessfully market tested since 1988 first as Premier by the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company RJR and later as Eclipse RJR and Accord PMI 10 As of 2018 various heated tobacco products were reintroduced to the market 11 Japan where manufacturers have marketed several heated tobacco brands since 2014 has been the focal national test market with the intention of developing global marketing strategies 12 According to a 2018 report the launching of the latest incarnation of heated tobacco products is a reiteration of similar efforts in the past to use similar products to undermine tobacco control particularly efforts that present the tobacco industry as a harm reduction partner 13 As of 2018 of the current heated tobacco products IQOS was launched in several cities in Japan Italy and Switzerland in 2014 iFuse was released in Romania in 2015 and glo and Ploom Tech were introduced to Japanese cities in 2016 10 Due to regulations restricting the sale of nicotine containing e cigarettes Japan was a fertile market for heated tobacco producers suggesting that the products have potential for explosive global growth 10 By 2017 IQOS was available in 30 countries and was being considered by United States Food and Drug Administration for a reduced risk product approval and the UK was one of the first countries to assign a separate taxation category for heated tobacco products 10 List of substances editSubstances emitted exist as gases 2 liquid droplets 6 and particulate matter 8 Acenaphthene 7 Acetaldehyde 1 Acrylonitrile 10 Acetone 7 Acrolein 1 Aerosol vapor 14 Ammonia 10 Aldehydes 6 1 Aminonaphthalene 10 2 Aminonaphthalene 10 4 Aminobiphenyl 10 Benzine 1 Benz a anthracene 7 Benzo a pyrene 10 1 3 Butadiene 1 Carbonyl compounds 3 Carbon monoxide 6 Cotinine 15 Crotonaldehyde 1 Ethylene oxide 15 Flavorings 1 Formaldehyde 1 Glycerin 1 Isoprene 1 Menthol 3 Nicotine 14 Nicotine equivalents which 7 Nicotine derived agents which 16 Nitric oxide 7 Nitrosamines 3 Nicotine derived nitrosamine ketone 10 N nitrosonornicotine 10 Nitrogen oxides 2 o Toluidine 15 Particulate metals which 6 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 16 Pyrene 15 Propylene glycol 17 Propionaldehyde 7 Solanesol 6 Styrene 1 Tar 2 The solids in the emissions have been called nicotine free dry particulate matter rather than tar in papers written by people related to the tobacco industry 2 Toluene 1 Volatile organic compounds which 3 Water 1 See also editComposition of electronic cigarette aerosol List of heated tobacco productsReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Pieper Elke Mallock Nadja Henkler Stephani Frank Luch Andreas 2018 Tabakerhitzer als neues Produkt der Tabakindustrie Gesundheitliche Risiken Heat not burn tobacco devices as new tobacco industry products health risks Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz in German 61 11 1422 1428 doi 10 1007 s00103 018 2823 y ISSN 1436 9990 PMID 30284624 nbsp This article incorporates text by Elke Pieper Nadja Mallock Frank Henkler Stephani and Andreas Luch available under the CC BY 4 0 license a b c d e f g Dautzenberg B Dautzenberg M D 2018 Le tabac chauffe revue systematique de la litterature Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on heated tobacco Revue des Maladies Respiratoires in French 36 1 82 103 doi 10 1016 j rmr 2018 10 010 ISSN 0761 8425 PMID 30429092 a b c d e Kaur Gurjot Muthumalage Thivanka Rahman Irfan 2018 Mechanisms of toxicity and biomarkers of flavoring and flavor enhancing chemicals in emerging tobacco and non tobacco products Toxicology Letters 288 143 155 doi 10 1016 j toxlet 2018 02 025 ISSN 0378 4274 PMC 6549714 PMID 29481849 Jenssen Brian P Walley Susan C McGrath Morrow Sharon A 2017 Heat not Burn Tobacco Products Tobacco Industry Claims No Substitute for Science Pediatrics 141 1 e20172383 doi 10 1542 peds 2017 2383 ISSN 0031 4005 PMID 29233936 Ziedonis Douglas Das Smita Larkin Celine 2017 Tobacco use disorder and treatment New challenges and opportunities Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 19 3 271 80 doi 10 31887 DCNS 2017 19 3 dziedonis PMC 5741110 PMID 29302224 a b c d e f g h Kauneliene Violeta Meisutovic Akhtarieva Marija Martuzevicius Dainius 2018 A review of the impacts of tobacco heating system on indoor air quality versus conventional pollution sources Chemosphere 206 568 578 Bibcode 2018Chmsp 206 568K doi 10 1016 j chemosphere 2018 05 039 ISSN 0045 6535 PMID 29778082 a b c d e f g McNeill 2018 p 210 a b McNeill 2018 p 219 a b Elias Jesse Dutra Lauren M St Helen Gideon Ling Pamela M 2018 Revolution or redux Assessing IQOS through a precursor product Tobacco Control 27 Suppl 1 s102 s110 doi 10 1136 tobaccocontrol 2018 054327 ISSN 0964 4563 PMC 6238084 PMID 30305324 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Simonavicius Erikas McNeill Ann Shahab Lion Brose Leonie S 2018 Heat not burn tobacco products a systematic literature review Tobacco Control 28 5 tobaccocontrol 2018 054419 doi 10 1136 tobaccocontrol 2018 054419 ISSN 0964 4563 PMC 6824610 PMID 30181382 nbsp This article incorporates text by Erikas Simonavicius Ann McNeill1 Lion Shahab and Leonie S Brose available under the CC BY 4 0 license a b Staal Yvonne CM van de Nobelen Suzanne Havermans Anne Talhout Reinskje 2018 New Tobacco and Tobacco Related Products Early Detection of Product Development Marketing Strategies and Consumer Interest JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 4 2 e55 doi 10 2196 publichealth 7359 ISSN 2369 2960 PMC 5996176 PMID 29807884 nbsp This article incorporates text by Yvonne CM Staal Suzanne van de Nobelen Anne Havermans and Reinskje Talhout available under the CC BY 4 0 license Shi Yuyan Caputi Theodore L Leas Eric Dredze Mark Cohen Joanna E Ayers John W 2017 They re heating up Internet search query trends reveal significant public interest in heat not burn tobacco products PLOS ONE 12 10 e0185735 Bibcode 2017PLoSO 1285735C doi 10 1371 journal pone 0185735 ISSN 1932 6203 PMC 5636077 PMID 29020019 nbsp This article incorporates text by Theodore L Caputi Eric Leas Mark Dredze Joanna E Cohen and John W Ayers available under the CC BY 4 0 license Bialous Stella A Glantz Stanton A 2018 Heated tobacco products another tobacco industry global strategy to slow progress in tobacco control Tobacco Control 27 Suppl 1 s111 s117 doi 10 1136 tobaccocontrol 2018 054340 ISSN 0964 4563 PMC 6202178 PMID 30209207 nbsp This article incorporates text by Stella A Bialous and Stanton A Glantz available under the CC BY 4 0 license a b Heated tobacco products HTPs information sheet World Health Organization May 2018 a b c d McNeill 2018 p 216 a b Gorski Pawel 2019 E cigarettes or heat not burn tobacco products advantages or disadvantages for the lungs of smokers Advances in Respiratory Medicine 87 2 123 134 doi 10 5603 ARM 2019 0020 ISSN 2543 6031 PMID 31038725 Li Xiangyu Luo Yanbo Jiang Xingyi Zhang Hongfei Zhu Fengpeng Hu Shaodong Hou Hongwei Hu Qingyuan Pang Yongqiang 2019 Chemical Analysis and Simulated Pyrolysis of Tobacco Heating System 2 2 Compared to Conventional Cigarettes Nicotine amp Tobacco Research 21 1 111 118 doi 10 1093 ntr nty005 ISSN 1462 2203 PMID 29319815 Bibliography editMcNeill A Brose LS Calder R Bauld L Robson D 2018 Evidence review of e cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018 PDF UK Public Health England pp 1 243 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Composition of heated tobacco product emissions amp oldid 1178056858, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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