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Toxicant

February 15, 2024

This article is about artificial and natural toxic substances. For naturally occurring organic poisons, see Toxin.

A toxicant is any toxic substance, whether artificial or naturally occurring.[1] By contrast, a toxin is a poison produced naturally by an organism[dubious – discuss] (e.g. plant, animal, insect).[2] The different types of toxicants[3] can be found in the air, soil, water, or food.[4]

Occurrence edit

Toxicants can be found in the air, soil, water, or food.[4] Humans can be exposed to environmental toxicants.[5] Fish can contain environmental toxicants.[6] Tobacco smoke contains toxicants.[7] E-cigarette aerosol also contains toxicants.[8] The emissions of a heat-not-burn tobacco product contains toxicants.[9] Most heavy metals are toxicants.[10] Diesel exhaust contains toxicants.[11] Pesticides, benzene, and asbestos-like fibers such as carbon nanotubes are toxicants.[12] Possible developmental toxicants include phthalates, phenols, sunscreens, pesticides, halogenated flame retardants, perfluoroalkyl coatings, nanoparticles, e-cigarettes, and dietary polyphenols.[13]

Related terms edit

By contrast, a toxin is a poison produced naturally by an organism (e.g. plant, animal, insect).[2] The 2011 book A Textbook of Modern Toxicology states, "A toxin is a toxicant that is produced by a living organism and is not used as a synonym for toxicant—all toxins are toxicants, but not all toxicants are toxins. Toxins, whether produced by animals, plants, insects, or microbes are generally metabolic products that have evolved as defense mechanisms for the purpose of repelling or killing predators or pathogens."[14]

Biocides are oxidizing or non-oxidizing toxicants.[15] Chlorine is the most commonly manufactured oxidizing toxicant.[15] Chlorine is ubiquitously added to drinking water to disinfect it.[16] Non-oxidized toxicants include isothiazolinones and quaternary ammonium compounds.[17]

An intoxicant is a substance that intoxicates such as an alcoholic drink.[18] An intoxicant is a substance that impairs the mind and causes a person to be in a state varying from exhilaration to lethargy.[19]

References edit

  1. ^ Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann (9 September 2011). Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals. Francisco Sanchez-Bayo. pp. 6–. ISBN 978-1-60805-121-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms - toxin". National Cancer Institute.
  3. ^ Stanley Manahan; Stanley E. Manahan (17 December 2009). Environmental Chemistry, Ninth Edition. CRC Press. pp. 629–. ISBN 978-1-4398-8247-4.
  4. ^ a b Ernest Hodgson (20 September 2011). A Textbook of Modern Toxicology. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 88–. ISBN 978-1-118-21129-8.
  5. ^ Preston, Joshua D.; Reynolds, Leryn J.; Pearson, Kevin J. (2018). "Developmental Origins of Health Span and Life Span: A Mini-Review". Gerontology. 64 (3): 237–245. doi:10.1159/000485506. ISSN 0304-324X. PMC 5876086. PMID 29324453.
  6. ^ Gaskins, Audrey J.; Chavarro, Jorge E. (2018). "Diet and fertility: a review". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 218 (4): 379–389. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.08.010. ISSN 0002-9378. PMC 5826784. PMID 28844822.
  7. ^ Breland, Alison; Soule, Eric; Lopez, Alexa; Ramôa, Carolina; El-Hellani, Ahmad; Eissenberg, Thomas (2017). "Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1394 (1): 5–30. Bibcode:2017NYASA1394....5B. doi:10.1111/nyas.12977. ISSN 0077-8923. PMC 4947026. PMID 26774031.
  8. ^ Perikleous, Evanthia P.; Steiropoulos, Paschalis; Paraskakis, Emmanouil; Constantinidis, Theodoros C.; Nena, Evangelia (2018). "E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents: An Overview of the Literature and Future Perspectives". Frontiers in Public Health. 6: 86. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00086. ISSN 2296-2565. PMC 5879739. PMID 29632856.
  9. ^ Li, Gerard; Saad, Sonia; Oliver, Brian; Chen, Hui (2018). "Heat or Burn? Impacts of Intrauterine Tobacco Smoke and E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure on the Offspring's Health Outcome". Toxics. 6 (3): 43. doi:10.3390/toxics6030043. ISSN 2305-6304. PMC 6160993. PMID 30071638.
  10. ^ Kim, Hyun Soo; Kim, Yeo Jin; Seo, Young Rok (2015). "An Overview of Carcinogenic Heavy Metal: Molecular Toxicity Mechanism and Prevention". Journal of Cancer Prevention. 20 (4): 232–240. doi:10.15430/JCP.2015.20.4.232. ISSN 2288-3649. PMC 4699750. PMID 26734585.
  11. ^ Leem, Jong Han; Jang, Young-Kee (2014). "Increase of diesel car raises health risk in spite of recent development in engine technology". Environmental Health and Toxicology. 29: e2014009. doi:10.5620/eht.e2014009. ISSN 2233-6567. PMC 4207092. PMID 25318659.
  12. ^ Costa, Chiara; Miozzi, Edoardo; Teodoro, Michele; Briguglio, Giusi; Rapisarda, Venerando; Fenga, Concettina (2017). "New insights on 'old' toxicants in occupational toxicology". Molecular Medicine Reports. 15 (5): 3317–3322. doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.6374. ISSN 1791-2997. PMID 28339055.
  13. ^ Wolff, Mary S.; Buckley, Jessie P.; Engel, Stephanie M.; McConnell, Rob S.; Barr, Dana B. (2017). "Emerging exposures of developmental toxicants". Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 29 (2): 218–224. doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000455. ISSN 1040-8703. PMC 5473289. PMID 28059904.
  14. ^ Ernest Hodgson (20 September 2011). A Textbook of Modern Toxicology. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 77–. ISBN 978-1-118-21129-8.
  15. ^ a b Linda Garverick (1 January 1994). Corrosion in the Petrochemical Industry. ASM International. pp. 103–. ISBN 978-0-87170-505-1.
  16. ^ Pilotto, Louis S. (1995). "Disinfection of drinking water, disinfection by-products and cancer: what about Australia?". Australian Journal of Public Health. 19 (1): 89–93. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00304.x. ISSN 1035-7319. PMID 7734603.
  17. ^ Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt; Rodolfo Quintero-Ramirez (18 September 2004). Petroleum Biotechnology: Developments and Perspectives. Elsevier. pp. 210–. ISBN 978-0-08-047371-0.
  18. ^ Don Salm; Ron Sklansky (2001). Legislation on Recodification of Operating While Intoxicated and Safety Laws Pertaining to Motor Vehicle, All-terrain Vehicle, Boat Or Snowmobile Operation. Wisconsin Legislative Council. pp. 12–.
  19. ^ Fahd Salem Bahammam (2013). Food and Dress in Islam: An explanation of matters relating to food and drink and dress in Islam. Modern Guide. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-1-909322-99-8.

External links edit

  •   Media related to Toxicants at Wikimedia Commons

February 15, 2024
toxicant, this, article, about, artificial, natural, toxic, substances, naturally, occurring, organic, poisons, toxin, toxicant, toxic, substance, whether, artificial, naturally, occurring, contrast, toxin, poison, produced, naturally, organism, dubious, discu. This article is about artificial and natural toxic substances For naturally occurring organic poisons see Toxin A toxicant is any toxic substance whether artificial or naturally occurring 1 By contrast a toxin is a poison produced naturally by an organism dubious discuss e g plant animal insect 2 The different types of toxicants 3 can be found in the air soil water or food 4 Contents 1 Occurrence 2 Related terms 3 References 4 External linksOccurrence editToxicants can be found in the air soil water or food 4 Humans can be exposed to environmental toxicants 5 Fish can contain environmental toxicants 6 Tobacco smoke contains toxicants 7 E cigarette aerosol also contains toxicants 8 The emissions of a heat not burn tobacco product contains toxicants 9 Most heavy metals are toxicants 10 Diesel exhaust contains toxicants 11 Pesticides benzene and asbestos like fibers such as carbon nanotubes are toxicants 12 Possible developmental toxicants include phthalates phenols sunscreens pesticides halogenated flame retardants perfluoroalkyl coatings nanoparticles e cigarettes and dietary polyphenols 13 Related terms editBy contrast a toxin is a poison produced naturally by an organism e g plant animal insect 2 The 2011 book A Textbook of Modern Toxicology states A toxin is a toxicant that is produced by a living organism and is not used as a synonym for toxicant all toxins are toxicants but not all toxicants are toxins Toxins whether produced by animals plants insects or microbes are generally metabolic products that have evolved as defense mechanisms for the purpose of repelling or killing predators or pathogens 14 Biocides are oxidizing or non oxidizing toxicants 15 Chlorine is the most commonly manufactured oxidizing toxicant 15 Chlorine is ubiquitously added to drinking water to disinfect it 16 Non oxidized toxicants include isothiazolinones and quaternary ammonium compounds 17 An intoxicant is a substance that intoxicates such as an alcoholic drink 18 An intoxicant is a substance that impairs the mind and causes a person to be in a state varying from exhilaration to lethargy 19 References edit Francisco Sanchez Bayo Paul J van den Brink Reinier M Mann 9 September 2011 Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals Francisco Sanchez Bayo pp 6 ISBN 978 1 60805 121 2 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms toxin National Cancer Institute Stanley Manahan Stanley E Manahan 17 December 2009 Environmental Chemistry Ninth Edition CRC Press pp 629 ISBN 978 1 4398 8247 4 a b Ernest Hodgson 20 September 2011 A Textbook of Modern Toxicology John Wiley amp Sons pp 88 ISBN 978 1 118 21129 8 Preston Joshua D Reynolds Leryn J Pearson Kevin J 2018 Developmental Origins of Health Span and Life Span A Mini Review Gerontology 64 3 237 245 doi 10 1159 000485506 ISSN 0304 324X PMC 5876086 PMID 29324453 Gaskins Audrey J Chavarro Jorge E 2018 Diet and fertility a review American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 218 4 379 389 doi 10 1016 j ajog 2017 08 010 ISSN 0002 9378 PMC 5826784 PMID 28844822 Breland Alison Soule Eric Lopez Alexa Ramoa Carolina El Hellani Ahmad Eissenberg Thomas 2017 Electronic cigarettes what are they and what do they do Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1394 1 5 30 Bibcode 2017NYASA1394 5B doi 10 1111 nyas 12977 ISSN 0077 8923 PMC 4947026 PMID 26774031 Perikleous Evanthia P Steiropoulos Paschalis Paraskakis Emmanouil Constantinidis Theodoros C Nena Evangelia 2018 E Cigarette Use Among Adolescents An Overview of the Literature and Future Perspectives Frontiers in Public Health 6 86 doi 10 3389 fpubh 2018 00086 ISSN 2296 2565 PMC 5879739 PMID 29632856 Li Gerard Saad Sonia Oliver Brian Chen Hui 2018 Heat or Burn Impacts of Intrauterine Tobacco Smoke and E Cigarette Vapor Exposure on the Offspring s Health Outcome Toxics 6 3 43 doi 10 3390 toxics6030043 ISSN 2305 6304 PMC 6160993 PMID 30071638 Kim Hyun Soo Kim Yeo Jin Seo Young Rok 2015 An Overview of Carcinogenic Heavy Metal Molecular Toxicity Mechanism and Prevention Journal of Cancer Prevention 20 4 232 240 doi 10 15430 JCP 2015 20 4 232 ISSN 2288 3649 PMC 4699750 PMID 26734585 Leem Jong Han Jang Young Kee 2014 Increase of diesel car raises health risk in spite of recent development in engine technology Environmental Health and Toxicology 29 e2014009 doi 10 5620 eht e2014009 ISSN 2233 6567 PMC 4207092 PMID 25318659 Costa Chiara Miozzi Edoardo Teodoro Michele Briguglio Giusi Rapisarda Venerando Fenga Concettina 2017 New insights on old toxicants in occupational toxicology Molecular Medicine Reports 15 5 3317 3322 doi 10 3892 mmr 2017 6374 ISSN 1791 2997 PMID 28339055 Wolff Mary S Buckley Jessie P Engel Stephanie M McConnell Rob S Barr Dana B 2017 Emerging exposures of developmental toxicants Current Opinion in Pediatrics 29 2 218 224 doi 10 1097 MOP 0000000000000455 ISSN 1040 8703 PMC 5473289 PMID 28059904 Ernest Hodgson 20 September 2011 A Textbook of Modern Toxicology John Wiley amp Sons pp 77 ISBN 978 1 118 21129 8 a b Linda Garverick 1 January 1994 Corrosion in the Petrochemical Industry ASM International pp 103 ISBN 978 0 87170 505 1 Pilotto Louis S 1995 Disinfection of drinking water disinfection by products and cancer what about Australia Australian Journal of Public Health 19 1 89 93 doi 10 1111 j 1753 6405 1995 tb00304 x ISSN 1035 7319 PMID 7734603 Rafael Vazquez Duhalt Rodolfo Quintero Ramirez 18 September 2004 Petroleum Biotechnology Developments and Perspectives Elsevier pp 210 ISBN 978 0 08 047371 0 Don Salm Ron Sklansky 2001 Legislation on Recodification of Operating While Intoxicated and Safety Laws Pertaining to Motor Vehicle All terrain Vehicle Boat Or Snowmobile Operation Wisconsin Legislative Council pp 12 Fahd Salem Bahammam 2013 Food and Dress in Islam An explanation of matters relating to food and drink and dress in Islam Modern Guide pp 1 ISBN 978 1 909322 99 8 External links edit nbsp Media related to Toxicants at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Toxicant amp oldid 1180226230, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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