A complex oxide is a chemical compound that contains oxygen and at least two other elements (or oxygen and just one other element that's in at least two oxidation states).[1] Complex oxide materials are notable for their wide range of magnetic and electronic properties, such as ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, and high-temperature superconductivity. These properties often come from their strongly correlated electrons in d or f orbitals.
Complex oxide materials are the dominant dielectric material in ceramic capacitors.[4] About one trillion ceramic capacitors are produced each year to be used in electronic equipment.
As of 2015, there is research underway to commercialize complex oxides in new kinds of electronic devices, such as ReRAM, FeRAM, and memristors. Complex oxide materials are also being researched for their use in spintronics.
Another potential application of complex oxide materials is superconducting power lines.[7] A few companies have invested in pilot projects, but the technology is not widespread.
^Ishihara, Tatsumi (2009). Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Energy (1 ed.). Springer US. p. 1. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-77708-5. ISBN978-0-387-77708-5.
^Goldman, Alex (2006). "Applications and Functions of Ferrites". Modern Ferrite Technology (2nd ed.). Springer US. pp. 217–226. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-29413-1_8. ISBN978-0-387-28151-3.
^"What is "PZT"?". American Piezo. APC International, Ltd. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
^Ho, J.; Jow, T. R.; Boggs, S. (2010). "Historical introduction to capacitor technology". IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 26: 20–25. doi:10.1109/MEI.2010.5383924. S2CID 23077215.[1] 2016-12-05 at the Wayback Machine
^"Pendant | V&A Search the Collections". Victoria and Albert Museum. Given by Dame Joan Evans. Retrieved 30 Jan 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) Museum item number M.138-1975
Materials science: Enter the oxides, Nature. (subscription required)
Condensed-matter physics: Complex oxides on fire
Complex oxides: A tale of two enemies
Oxide interfaces
November 23, 2023
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See also Mixed oxide A complex oxide is a chemical compound that contains oxygen and at least two other elements or oxygen and just one other element that s in at least two oxidation states 1 Complex oxide materials are notable for their wide range of magnetic and electronic properties such as ferromagnetism ferroelectricity and high temperature superconductivity These properties often come from their strongly correlated electrons in d or f orbitals The crystal structure of bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide a high temperature superconductor and complex oxide Contents 1 Natural occurrence 2 Applications 2 1 Magnets 2 2 Transducers and actuators 2 3 Capacitors 2 4 Fuel cells 2 5 Gemstone jewelry 2 6 New electronic devices 3 Commonly studied complex oxides 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksNatural occurrence editMany minerals found in the ground are complex oxides Commonly studied mineral crystal families include spinels and perovskites Applications editComplex oxide materials are used in a variety of commercial applications Magnets edit nbsp A ferrite bead near the end of a Mini USB cable helps suppress high frequency noise Magnets made of the complex oxide ferrite are commonly used in transformer cores and in inductors 2 Ferrites are ideal for these applications because they are magnetic electrically insulating and inexpensive Transducers and actuators edit Piezoelectric transducers and actuators are often made of the complex oxide PZT lead zirconate titanate 3 These transducers are used in applications such ultrasound imaging and some microphones PZT is also sometimes used for piezo ignition in lighters and gas grills Capacitors edit Complex oxide materials are the dominant dielectric material in ceramic capacitors 4 About one trillion ceramic capacitors are produced each year to be used in electronic equipment Fuel cells edit Solid oxide fuel cells often use complex oxide materials as their electrolytes anodes and cathodes 5 Gemstone jewelry edit nbsp Spanish made emerald and gold pendant exhibited at Victoria and Albert Museum 6 Many precious gemstones such as emerald and topaz are complex oxide crystals Historically some complex oxide materials such as strontium titanate yttrium aluminium garnet and gadolinium gallium garnet were also synthesized as inexpensive diamond simulants though after 1976 they were mostly eclipsed by cubic zirconia New electronic devices edit As of 2015 there is research underway to commercialize complex oxides in new kinds of electronic devices such as ReRAM FeRAM and memristors Complex oxide materials are also being researched for their use in spintronics Another potential application of complex oxide materials is superconducting power lines 7 A few companies have invested in pilot projects but the technology is not widespread Commonly studied complex oxides editBarium titanate a multiferroic material Bismuth ferrite a multiferroic material Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide a high temperature superconductor Lanthanum aluminate a high dielectric insulator Lanthanum strontium manganite a material exhibiting colossal magnetoresistance Lead zirconate titanate a piezoelectric material Strontium titanate a high dielectric semiconductor Yttrium barium copper oxide a high temperature superconductor See also editColossal magnetoresistance Half metal Lanthanum aluminate strontium titanate interface Mixed oxide Mott insulator MultiferroicsReferences edit Ishihara Tatsumi 2009 Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Energy 1 ed Springer US p 1 doi 10 1007 978 0 387 77708 5 ISBN 978 0 387 77708 5 Goldman Alex 2006 Applications and Functions of Ferrites Modern Ferrite Technology 2nd ed Springer US pp 217 226 doi 10 1007 978 0 387 29413 1 8 ISBN 978 0 387 28151 3 What is PZT American Piezo APC International Ltd Retrieved 19 June 2015 Ho J Jow T R Boggs S 2010 Historical introduction to capacitor technology IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine 26 20 25 doi 10 1109 MEI 2010 5383924 S2CID 23077215 1 Archived 2016 12 05 at the Wayback Machine Lanthanum strontium cobalt oxide cathode powder Fuel Cell Materials Retrieved 19 June 2015 Pendant V amp A Search the Collections Victoria and Albert Museum Given by Dame Joan Evans Retrieved 30 Jan 2014 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint others link Museum item number M 138 1975 Superconductor cable systems AMSC External links editMaterials science Enter the oxides Nature subscription required Condensed matter physics Complex oxides on fire Complex oxides A tale of two enemies Oxide interfaces Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Complex oxide amp oldid 1153057148, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
