Communist Party of Persia
The Communist Party of Iran (Persian: حزب کمونیست ایران, romanized: Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Iran) was an Iranian communist party. Originally established as the Justice Party (Persian: فرقه عدالت, romanized: Ferqa'ye ʿEdālat) in 1917[2] by the former social democrats who supported Baku-based Bolsheviks, it participated in Third International in 1919 and was renamed "Communist Party of Iran" in 1920.[2]
Communist Party of Iran | |
|---|---|
| General Secretary | Heydar Khan Amo oghli |
| First Secretary | Assadollah Ghaffarzadeh (first) Avatis Sutlanzadeh (last) |
| Founded | 1917 |
| Banned | 1921 |
| Succeeded by | Tudeh Party of Iran[1] |
| Newspaper | Peykar |
| Youth wing | Young Communist League of Persia |
| Ideology | Communism |
| Political position | Far-left |
| International affiliation | Comintern |
Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli, one of the leaders of the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, was elected as its general secretary. Its foundation came about as a result of the establishment of the Soviet Republic of Gilan, earlier that year, by Mirza Kouchak Khan and his Jangali ("Foresters' Movement") insurgents.
The party was banned in 1921 (coinciding with the defeat of the Soviet Republic of Gilan), though members continued activities underground until the foundation of the Tudeh Party in 1941, which thereafter became the official communist party in the country.
References
- ^ Vahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971–1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 182. ISBN 9780815651475.
- ^ a b Tachau, Frank (1994). "Justice Party I". Political parties of the Middle East and North Africa. Greenwood Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780313266492.
Further reading
- Nejad, Kayhan A. (2021). "To break the feudal bonds: the Soviets, Reza Khan, and the Iranian left, 1921-25". Middle Eastern Studies. 57 (5): 758–776. doi:10.1080/00263206.2021.1897578.