Coelophysoidea were common dinosaurs of the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic periods. They were widespread geographically, probably living on all continents. Coelophysoids were all slender, carnivorous forms with a superficial similarity to the coelurosaurs, with which they were formerly classified, and some species had delicate cranial crests. Sizes range from about 1 to 6 m in length. It is unknown what kind of external covering coelophysoids had, and various artists have portrayed them as either scaly or feathered. Some species may have lived in packs, as inferred from sites where numerous individuals have been found together.
Examples of coelophysoids include Coelophysis, Procompsognathus and Liliensternus. Most dinosaurs formerly referred to as being in the dubious taxon "Podokesauridae" are now classified as coelophysoids.
Despite their very early occurrence in the fossil record, coelophysoids have a number of derived features that separate them from primitive (basal) theropods. Among the most prominent of these derived features (apomorphies) is the way the upper jaw bones are connected (the premaxilla-maxilla articulation), which is flexible with a deep gap between the teeth in the two bones. A major source of disagreement among theropod experts is whether or not coelophysoids shared a more recent common ancestor with Ceratosauria (sensu stricto) than the ceratosaurs did with other theropods. Most recent analyses indicate the latter, that Coelophysoidea does not form a natural group with the ceratosaurians. Similarly, while Dilophosaurus and similar theropods have traditionally been classified as coelophysoids, several studies published in the late 2000s suggested that they may actually be more closely related to the tetanurans.[1]
The cladogram below was recovered in a study by Matthew T. Carrano, John R. Hutchinson and Scott D. Sampson, 2005.[2]
^Smith, N.D., Makovicky, P.J., Pol, D., Hammer, W.R., and Currie, P.J. (2007). "The dinosaurs of the Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of the Central Transantarctic Mountains: Phylogenetic review and synthesis." In Cooper, A.K. and Raymond, C.R. et al. (eds.), Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World––Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES, USGS Open-File Report 2007-1047, Short Research Paper 003, 5 p.; doi:10.3133/of2007-1047.srp003.
^Carrano, M.T, Hutchinson, J.R, Sampson, S.D. (2005). "New information on Segisaurus halli, a small theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Arizona." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25(4):835-849.
^Ezcurra, Martin D.; Cuny, Gilles (2007). "The coelophysoid Lophostropheus airelensis, gen. nov.: a review of the systematics of "Liliensternus" airelensis from the Triassic-Jurassic boundary outcrops of Normandy (France)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (1): 73–86. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[73:TCLAGN]2.0.CO;2.
^Ezcurra, Martín D; Butler, Richard J; Maidment, Susannah C R; Sansom, Ivan J; Meade, Luke E; Radley, Jonathan D (2021-01-01). "A revision of the early neotheropod genus Sarcosaurus from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian–Sinemurian) of central England". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 191 (1): 113–149. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa054. ISSN 0024-4082.
Sources
Rauhut and Hungerbuhler (2000). "A review of European Triassic theropods." Gaia, 15: 75-88.
Tykoski, R. S. (2005). "Anatomy, Ontogeny, and Phylogeny of Coelophysoid Theropods." Ph. D dissertation.
Yates, A.M., 2006 (for 2005). "A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods." Palaeontologia Africana, 41: 105-122.
December 27, 2022
coelophysoidea, were, common, dinosaurs, late, triassic, early, jurassic, periods, they, were, widespread, geographically, probably, living, continents, coelophysoids, were, slender, carnivorous, forms, with, superficial, similarity, coelurosaurs, with, which,. Coelophysoidea were common dinosaurs of the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic periods They were widespread geographically probably living on all continents Coelophysoids were all slender carnivorous forms with a superficial similarity to the coelurosaurs with which they were formerly classified and some species had delicate cranial crests Sizes range from about 1 to 6 m in length It is unknown what kind of external covering coelophysoids had and various artists have portrayed them as either scaly or feathered Some species may have lived in packs as inferred from sites where numerous individuals have been found together CoelophysoidsTemporal range Late Triassic Early Jurassic 228 183 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NMounted skeleton of Coelophysis bauri Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClade DinosauriaClade SaurischiaClade TheropodaClade NeotheropodaSuperfamily CoelophysoideaNopcsa 1928Type species Coelurus bauriCope 1887Subgroups Dracoraptor Gojirasaurus Liliensternus Pendraig Powellvenator CoelophysidaeSynonymsPodokesauroidea Huene 1914Examples of coelophysoids include Coelophysis Procompsognathus and Liliensternus Most dinosaurs formerly referred to as being in the dubious taxon Podokesauridae are now classified as coelophysoids Contents 1 Classification 2 See also 3 References 4 SourcesClassification EditDespite their very early occurrence in the fossil record coelophysoids have a number of derived features that separate them from primitive basal theropods Among the most prominent of these derived features apomorphies is the way the upper jaw bones are connected the premaxilla maxilla articulation which is flexible with a deep gap between the teeth in the two bones A major source of disagreement among theropod experts is whether or not coelophysoids shared a more recent common ancestor with Ceratosauria sensu stricto than the ceratosaurs did with other theropods Most recent analyses indicate the latter that Coelophysoidea does not form a natural group with the ceratosaurians Similarly while Dilophosaurus and similar theropods have traditionally been classified as coelophysoids several studies published in the late 2000s suggested that they may actually be more closely related to the tetanurans 1 The cladogram below was recovered in a study by Matthew T Carrano John R Hutchinson and Scott D Sampson 2005 2 Coelophysoidea Dilophosaurus SarcosaurusGojirasaurusZupaysaurus Coelophysidae Procompsognathus Segisaurus LiliensternusCoelophysis MegapnosaurusThe cladogram below was recovered in a study by Martin D Ezcurra and Gilles Cuny 2007 3 LiliensternusLophostropheus Coelophysidae Megapnosaurus kayentakataeCoelophysis Coelophysis rhodesiensisThe cladogram below was recovered in a study by Ezcurra et al 2020 4 Coelophysoidea LiliensternusDracoraptor Syntarsus kayentakataePanguraptorPowellvenatorLepidusCoelophysis bauriCamposaurusLucianovenatorMegapnosaurus rhodesiensisSegisaurusSee also Edit Dinosaurs portal Timeline of coelophysoid researchReferences Edit Smith N D Makovicky P J Pol D Hammer W R and Currie P J 2007 The dinosaurs of the Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of the Central Transantarctic Mountains Phylogenetic review and synthesis In Cooper A K and Raymond C R et al eds Antarctica A Keystone in a Changing World Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES USGS Open File Report 2007 1047 Short Research Paper 003 5 p doi 10 3133 of2007 1047 srp003 Carrano M T Hutchinson J R Sampson S D 2005 New information on Segisaurus halli a small theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Arizona Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 4 835 849 Ezcurra Martin D Cuny Gilles 2007 The coelophysoid Lophostropheus airelensis gen nov a review of the systematics of Liliensternus airelensis from the Triassic Jurassic boundary outcrops of Normandy France Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 1 73 86 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2007 27 73 TCLAGN 2 0 CO 2 Ezcurra Martin D Butler Richard J Maidment Susannah C R Sansom Ivan J Meade Luke E Radley Jonathan D 2021 01 01 A revision of the early neotheropod genus Sarcosaurus from the Early Jurassic Hettangian Sinemurian of central England Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 1 113 149 doi 10 1093 zoolinnean zlaa054 ISSN 0024 4082 Sources EditRauhut and Hungerbuhler 2000 A review of European Triassic theropods Gaia 15 75 88 Tykoski R S 2005 Anatomy Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Coelophysoid Theropods Ph D dissertation Yates A M 2006 for 2005 A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods Palaeontologia Africana 41 105 122 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Coelophysoidea amp oldid 1126917125, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
