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Cley next the Sea

January 01, 1970

Cley next the Sea (/ˈkleɪ/, /ˈklaɪ/) is a village and civil parish on the River Glaven in English county of Norfolk, 4 mi (6 km) north-west of Holt and east of Blakeney. The main A149 coast road runs through the centre of the village, causing congestion in the summer months due to the tight, narrow streets. It lies within the Norfolk Coast AONB (Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty) and the North Norfolk Heritage Coast.

Cley next the Sea
Cley next the Sea
Location within Norfolk
Area8.63 km2 (3.33 sq mi)
Population437 (parish, 2011 census)[1]
• Density51/km2 (130/sq mi)
OS grid referenceTG045436
• London129 mi (208 km)
Civil parish
  • Cley next the Sea[2]
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townHOLT
Postcode districtNR25
Dialling code01263
PoliceNorfolk
FireNorfolk
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Norfolk
52°57′09″N 01°02′35″E / 52.95250°N 1.04306°E / 52.95250; 1.04306
St Margaret's, Cley

Cley is an Anglo-Saxon village near the sea with a rich history, including being a bustling port in England, where various goods were traded. The 18th-century Cley Windmill is a notable landmark, which was owned by James Blunt's family and has been featured in films and paintings. After the port silted up, Cley became a holiday resort. In 2011, the village had 437 residents in 358 households, and it falls within the North Norfolk constituency.

The village features St Margaret's Church, a Norman-era Grade I listed building. Cley Marshes, an internationally important bird reserve, has been managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust since 1926. The marshes, however, face challenges due to coastal erosion, storms, and rising sea levels caused by global warming, prompting concern for their future.

History edit

The village's name is of Anglo-Saxon origin and derives from the Old English term for a settlement close to the sea with an abundance of clay.[3]

In the Domesday Book, Cley is recorded as a settlement of 38 households located in the hundred of Holt. The village formed parts of the East Anglian estates of King William I.[4]

A ruined building on the marshes is known as Blakeney Chapel; despite its name, it is in Cley parish, and probably never had a religious purpose. It is a Grade II listed building and scheduled monument which was likely an old iron smeltery.

Cley was once one of the busiest ports in England, where grain, malt, fish, spices, coal, cloth, barley and oats were exported or imported. The many Flemish gables in the town are a reminder of trade with the Low Countries. But despite its name, Cley has not been "next the sea" since the 17th century, due to land reclamation. Some of the buildings that once lined the quay remain, notably the 18th-century Cley Windmill. The windmill, a five-storey tower mill, was owned by the family of singer James Blunt for many decades[5] and operated as a bed and breakfast. The mill was sold in 2006, but continues to operate as a bed and breakfast on a non-profit making basis. It was used as a backdrop of the 1949 film Conspirator with Elizabeth Taylor. Cley Mill has often been depicted by local artists and was the subject of a painting by the 20th-century English landscape artist, Rowland Hilder.

After the silting up of the port, Cley had to find another industry; in the late 19th century, it became a holiday resort. The poet Rupert Brooke was staying in Cley with classics professor Francis Macdonald Cornford and his wife, the poet Frances Cornford, early in August 1914 when news came that Britain had entered what was to become the First World War. Brooke had dreamt about the war and woke to find it a reality. He did not speak to his hosts all day until Frances Cornford said, "But Rupert, you won't have to fight?" to which Brooke replied, "We shall all have to fight".[6]

Geography edit

In the 2011 census, Cley was recorded as having a population of 437 residents living in 358 households.[7]

Cley falls within the constituency of North Norfolk and is represented at Parliament by Duncan Baker of the Conservative Party.

Parish church edit

St Margaret's, Cley, is of Norman origin and is dedicated to Saint Margaret of Antioch. The great nave was completed in the 14th century with contributions from the de Vaux family.[8] The church is Grade I listed.

Cley Marshes edit

Main article: Cley Marshes
 
Cley towermill stands at the edge of the village, next to the coastal marshes and a network of drainage channels

The marshes around Cley are internationally important for their populations of rare breeding and visiting birds. Cley Marshes bird reserve has been in the care of the Norfolk Wildlife Trust since 1926, making it the oldest county Wildlife Trust reserve in Britain.[9] Among resident breeding birds are avocet, bearded tit, bittern, marsh harrier and spoonbill. Winter visitors include brent goose, Eurasian wigeon, pintail and many species of wading birds. Cley, like neighbouring Salthouse is ideally situated at the apex of the North Norfolk coast as a staging ground for passage migrants, vagrants and rarities of all kinds. A new eco-friendly visitor centre opened in 2007 containing a café, shop, viewing areas (including viewing from a camera on the reserve), exhibition area, interpretation and toilets. The view from the visitor centre across the marsh to the sea is breathtaking. Cley Marshes is the home of the Bird Information Service, publishers of Birding World. The shingle bank holds large numbers of yellow horned poppy.

Sea defences edit

The salt and fresh water marshes used to be very well protected. However the cost of replenishing the shingle spit grew too much for the village to sustain. Once the repairing stopped, it became easier for waves to get through; in 1953 a large storm, measured at 5.12 m (16.8 ft) above ordnance datum (see North Sea flood of 1953) hit the North Norfolk coast and the shingle ridge was mostly destroyed. A further storm surge in 1978 measured 4.19 m (13.7 ft) above ordnance datum and the protection measures confined flooding to the marshes and A149 coast road. The North Norfolk Shoreline Management Plan introduced by the Environment Agency has proposed a number of strategies in the light of continual erosion and predicted rising sea levels caused by global warming: these include Advance the line, Hold the line, Managed retreat and Do nothing. Even after extensive public consultation there is widespread local concern that the marshes will be lost to the North Sea.

Notable residents and appearance in media edit

 
BBC One balloon over Cley

William Jones was a merchant here in the 18th century. His daughter, Charlotte Jones, became a noted Royal miniature portrait painter.[10]

James Blunt spent time, in his early years, at his grandfather's and later his father's windmill in the village.[5]

Cley Old Hall was used as a location in the 1982 film The Ploughman's Lunch. In July 1997 the BBC filmed one of its BBC One balloon idents, which ran from 1997 to 2002, in the village.

War memorials edit

Cley's war memorials take the form of two carved stone tablets located inside St Margaret's Church. It lists the following names for the First World War:

References edit

  1. ^ . Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  2. ^ "Cley Parish Council". www.cleyparishcouncil.org.uk. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  3. ^ University of Nottingham. (2022). Retrieved 12 December 2022. http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Norfolk/Cley%20next%20to%20the%20Sea
  4. ^ Domesday Book. (1086). Retrieved 12 December 2022. https://opendomesday.org/place/TG0443/cley-next-the-sea/
  5. ^ a b "Norfolk – Entertainment – James Blunt interview". BBC. 18 May 2005. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  6. ^ Hollis, Matthew: Now All Roads Lead to France – The Last Years of Edward Thomas, Faber & Faber, London, 2011
  7. ^ Office for National Statistics. (2011). Retrieved 12 December 2022. https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E04006402
  8. ^ Knott, S. (2022). Retrieved 12 December 2022. http://www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/cley/cley.htm
  9. ^ "Cley Marshes". Norfolk Wildlife Trust. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  10. ^ Annette Peach, 'Jones, Charlotte (1768–1847)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 17 Jan 2015

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cley next the Sea.

January 01, 1970
cley, next, village, civil, parish, river, glaven, english, county, norfolk, north, west, holt, east, blakeney, main, a149, coast, road, runs, through, centre, village, causing, congestion, summer, months, tight, narrow, streets, lies, within, norfolk, coast, . Cley next the Sea ˈ k l eɪ ˈ k l aɪ is a village and civil parish on the River Glaven in English county of Norfolk 4 mi 6 km north west of Holt and east of Blakeney The main A149 coast road runs through the centre of the village causing congestion in the summer months due to the tight narrow streets It lies within the Norfolk Coast AONB Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the North Norfolk Heritage Coast Cley next the SeaCley WindmillCley next the SeaLocation within NorfolkArea8 63 km2 3 33 sq mi Population437 parish 2011 census 1 Density51 km2 130 sq mi OS grid referenceTG045436 London129 mi 208 km Civil parishCley next the Sea 2 DistrictNorth NorfolkShire countyNorfolkRegionEastCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townHOLTPostcode districtNR25Dialling code01263PoliceNorfolkFireNorfolkAmbulanceEast of EnglandUK ParliamentNorth NorfolkList of places UK England Norfolk 52 57 09 N 01 02 35 E 52 95250 N 1 04306 E 52 95250 1 04306 St Margaret s Cley Cley is an Anglo Saxon village near the sea with a rich history including being a bustling port in England where various goods were traded The 18th century Cley Windmill is a notable landmark which was owned by James Blunt s family and has been featured in films and paintings After the port silted up Cley became a holiday resort In 2011 the village had 437 residents in 358 households and it falls within the North Norfolk constituency The village features St Margaret s Church a Norman era Grade I listed building Cley Marshes an internationally important bird reserve has been managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust since 1926 The marshes however face challenges due to coastal erosion storms and rising sea levels caused by global warming prompting concern for their future Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Parish church 4 Cley Marshes 5 Sea defences 6 Notable residents and appearance in media 7 War memorials 8 References 9 External linksHistory editThe village s name is of Anglo Saxon origin and derives from the Old English term for a settlement close to the sea with an abundance of clay 3 In the Domesday Book Cley is recorded as a settlement of 38 households located in the hundred of Holt The village formed parts of the East Anglian estates of King William I 4 A ruined building on the marshes is known as Blakeney Chapel despite its name it is in Cley parish and probably never had a religious purpose It is a Grade II listed building and scheduled monument which was likely an old iron smeltery Cley was once one of the busiest ports in England where grain malt fish spices coal cloth barley and oats were exported or imported The many Flemish gables in the town are a reminder of trade with the Low Countries But despite its name Cley has not been next the sea since the 17th century due to land reclamation Some of the buildings that once lined the quay remain notably the 18th century Cley Windmill The windmill a five storey tower mill was owned by the family of singer James Blunt for many decades 5 and operated as a bed and breakfast The mill was sold in 2006 but continues to operate as a bed and breakfast on a non profit making basis It was used as a backdrop of the 1949 film Conspirator with Elizabeth Taylor Cley Mill has often been depicted by local artists and was the subject of a painting by the 20th century English landscape artist Rowland Hilder After the silting up of the port Cley had to find another industry in the late 19th century it became a holiday resort The poet Rupert Brooke was staying in Cley with classics professor Francis Macdonald Cornford and his wife the poet Frances Cornford early in August 1914 when news came that Britain had entered what was to become the First World War Brooke had dreamt about the war and woke to find it a reality He did not speak to his hosts all day until Frances Cornford said But Rupert you won t have to fight to which Brooke replied We shall all have to fight 6 Geography editIn the 2011 census Cley was recorded as having a population of 437 residents living in 358 households 7 Cley falls within the constituency of North Norfolk and is represented at Parliament by Duncan Baker of the Conservative Party Parish church editSt Margaret s Cley is of Norman origin and is dedicated to Saint Margaret of Antioch The great nave was completed in the 14th century with contributions from the de Vaux family 8 The church is Grade I listed Cley Marshes editMain article Cley Marshes nbsp Cley towermill stands at the edge of the village next to the coastal marshes and a network of drainage channels The marshes around Cley are internationally important for their populations of rare breeding and visiting birds Cley Marshes bird reserve has been in the care of the Norfolk Wildlife Trust since 1926 making it the oldest county Wildlife Trust reserve in Britain 9 Among resident breeding birds are avocet bearded tit bittern marsh harrier and spoonbill Winter visitors include brent goose Eurasian wigeon pintail and many species of wading birds Cley like neighbouring Salthouse is ideally situated at the apex of the North Norfolk coast as a staging ground for passage migrants vagrants and rarities of all kinds A new eco friendly visitor centre opened in 2007 containing a cafe shop viewing areas including viewing from a camera on the reserve exhibition area interpretation and toilets The view from the visitor centre across the marsh to the sea is breathtaking Cley Marshes is the home of the Bird Information Service publishers of Birding World The shingle bank holds large numbers of yellow horned poppy Sea defences editThe salt and fresh water marshes used to be very well protected However the cost of replenishing the shingle spit grew too much for the village to sustain Once the repairing stopped it became easier for waves to get through in 1953 a large storm measured at 5 12 m 16 8 ft above ordnance datum see North Sea flood of 1953 hit the North Norfolk coast and the shingle ridge was mostly destroyed A further storm surge in 1978 measured 4 19 m 13 7 ft above ordnance datum and the protection measures confined flooding to the marshes and A149 coast road The North Norfolk Shoreline Management Plan introduced by the Environment Agency has proposed a number of strategies in the light of continual erosion and predicted rising sea levels caused by global warming these include Advance the line Hold the line Managed retreat and Do nothing Even after extensive public consultation there is widespread local concern that the marshes will be lost to the North Sea Notable residents and appearance in media edit nbsp BBC One balloon over Cley William Jones was a merchant here in the 18th century His daughter Charlotte Jones became a noted Royal miniature portrait painter 10 James Blunt spent time in his early years at his grandfather s and later his father s windmill in the village 5 Cley Old Hall was used as a location in the 1982 film The Ploughman s Lunch In July 1997 the BBC filmed one of its BBC One balloon idents which ran from 1997 to 2002 in the village War memorials editCley s war memorials take the form of two carved stone tablets located inside St Margaret s Church It lists the following names for the First World War Second Lieutenant Raven Cozens Hardy 1886 1917 4th Battalion Royal Norfolk Regiment Sergeant Ernest W E Gibbs 1889 1916 2nd Battalion Royal Norfolk Regiment Stoker First Class Herbert W Ellwood 1879 1918 H M Tug Desire Stoker Second Class James G Elvin 1900 1918 HMS Vivid Deckhand George W Grimes 1894 1916 H M Trawler Gunner Charles A Gidney 1894 1914 Royal Horse Artillery Mate James W Grimes 1885 1916 HMS Invincible Private Herbert Holman d 1918 4th Battalion Bedfordshire Regiment Private William E Barnes 1893 1916 2nd British Columbia Mounted Rifles Battalion Canadian Expeditionary Force Private John E Barnes 1894 1916 18th Western Ontario Battalion Canadian Expeditionary Force Private Ralph Barnes 1886 1915 1st Battalion Essex Regiment Private Frederick J Bishop d 1916 10th Battalion Essex Regiment Private Cecil J Bolton 1897 1917 1 5th Battalion Royal Norfolk Regiment Private Cecil A Gathercole 1898 1917 9th Battalion Royal Norfolk Regiment Private Frederick W Brett 1886 1916 1 4th Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers Private Albert G Jeary d 1916 1st Battalion Royal Warwickshire Regiment Private Robert W E Gibbs 1893 1917 11th Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment Private George H Drinkwater d 1917 13th Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment Robert LeederReferences edit Parish population 2011 Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 1 September 2015 Cley Parish Council www cleyparishcouncil org uk Retrieved 19 April 2018 University of Nottingham 2022 Retrieved 12 December 2022 http kepn nottingham ac uk map place Norfolk Cley 20next 20to 20the 20Sea Domesday Book 1086 Retrieved 12 December 2022 https opendomesday org place TG0443 cley next the sea a b Norfolk Entertainment James Blunt interview BBC 18 May 2005 Retrieved 26 March 2013 Hollis Matthew Now All Roads Lead to France The Last Years of Edward Thomas Faber amp Faber London 2011 Office for National Statistics 2011 Retrieved 12 December 2022 https www nomisweb co uk reports localarea compare E04006402 Knott S 2022 Retrieved 12 December 2022 http www norfolkchurches co uk cley cley htm Cley Marshes Norfolk Wildlife Trust Retrieved 26 March 2013 Annette Peach Jones Charlotte 1768 1847 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 accessed 17 Jan 2015External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cley next the Sea Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cley next the Sea amp oldid 1217111720, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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