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Christian Møller

Christian Møller (22 December 1904 in Hundslev, Als – 14 January 1980 in Ordrup) was a Danish chemist and physicist who made fundamental contributions to the theory of relativity, theory of gravitation and quantum chemistry.[1] He is known for Møller–Plesset perturbation theory[2] and Møller scattering.

Christian Møller
Christian Møller, 1963 at Copenhagen
Born
Christian Møller

(1904-12-22)22 December 1904
Died14 January 1980(1980-01-14) (aged 75)
Known forMøller scattering
Møller tetrad theory of gravitation
Møller velocity
Møller–Plesset perturbation theory
Kottler–Møller coordinates
AwardsØrsted Medal (1970)
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
Solvay Conference on Physics in Brussels 1951. Left to right, sitting: Crussaro, Allen, Cauchois, Borelius, Bragg, Møller, Sietz, Hollomon, Frank; middle row: Gerhart Rathenau [nl], Koster, Erik Rudberg [sv], Flamache, Goche, Groven, Orowan, Burgers, Shockley, Guinier, C.S. Smith, Dehlinger [de], Laval, Henriot; top row: Gaspart, Lomer, Cottrell, Homes, Curien

His suggestion in 1938 to Otto Frisch that the newly discovered process of nuclear fission might create surplus energy, led Frisch to conceive of the concept of the nuclear chain reaction, leading to the Frisch–Peierls memorandum, which kick-started the development of nuclear energy through the MAUD Committee and the Manhattan Project.[3]

Møller was the director of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)'s Theoretical Study Group between 1954 and 1957 and later a member of the same organization's Scientific Policy Committee (1959-1972).[4]

Møller tetrad theory of gravitation edit

In 1961, Møller[5][6] showed that a tetrad description of gravitational fields allows a more rational treatment of the energy–momentum complex than in a theory based on the metric tensor alone. The advantage of using tetrads as gravitational variables was connected with the fact that this allowed to construct expressions for the energy-momentum complex which had more satisfactory transformation properties than in a purely metric formulation.

Supporting Chandrasekhar edit

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar came up with his theory of the Chandrasekhar limit for the maximum stable mass of a star, in 1930. This calculation was in opposition to Sir Arthur Eddington theories about stars. Eddington mocked Chandrasekhar various times and frequently campaigned against Chandrasekhar during conferences.[7]

In 1935, Møller was the first to write a paper in collaboration with Chandrasekhar to criticise Eddington's theory. They wrote "we are quite unable to follow [Eddington's] arguments." They also proceeded to refute Eddington's follow up paper showing contradictions in his theory.[7]

Books edit

  • The world and the atom, London, 1940.[8]
  • The theory of relativity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1972.
  • A study in gravitational collapse, Kobenhavn : Munksgaard, 1975.
  • Evidence for gravitational theories (ed.), Academic Press, 1963.
  • Interview with Dr. Christian Moller by Thomas S. Kuhn at Copenhagen July 29, 1963 January 12, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Oral History Transcript — Dr. Christian Moller

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Turkevich, John; Turkevich, Ludmilla (1980). Prominent scientists of continental Europe. Elsevier. ISBN 0-444-00046-1.
  2. ^ Kragh, Helge (1992). "Relativistic Collisions: The Work of Christian Møller in the Early 1930s". Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. 43 (4): 299–328. doi:10.1007/BF00374762. S2CID 121494792.
  3. ^ * Frisch, Otto Robert (1979). What Little I Remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-521-28010-5. OCLC 911308407.
  4. ^ Pors, Felicity. "Møller, Christian (1904-1980)". Niels Bohr Archive. Retrieved 2019-07-12.
  5. ^ Møller, Christian (1961). "Conservation laws and absolute parallelism in general relativity". Mat. Fys. Dan. Vid. Selsk. 1 (10): 1–50.
  6. ^ Møller, Christian (1961). "Further remarks on the localization of the energy in the general theory of relativity". Ann. Phys. 12 (1): 118–133. Bibcode:1961AnPhy..12..118M. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(61)90148-8.
  7. ^ a b Mena, J. G.; Peres, T. S. C. (2018). "Chandrasekhar Eddington". Maths History. Retrieved 2023-09-04.
  8. ^ . Archived from the original on 2017-05-02. Retrieved 2009-06-14.


christian, møller, december, 1904, hundslev, january, 1980, ordrup, danish, chemist, physicist, made, fundamental, contributions, theory, relativity, theory, gravitation, quantum, chemistry, known, møller, plesset, perturbation, theory, møller, scattering, 196. Christian Moller 22 December 1904 in Hundslev Als 14 January 1980 in Ordrup was a Danish chemist and physicist who made fundamental contributions to the theory of relativity theory of gravitation and quantum chemistry 1 He is known for Moller Plesset perturbation theory 2 and Moller scattering Christian MollerChristian Moller 1963 at CopenhagenBornChristian Moller 1904 12 22 22 December 1904Died14 January 1980 1980 01 14 aged 75 Known forMoller scatteringMoller tetrad theory of gravitationMoller velocityMoller Plesset perturbation theoryKottler Moller coordinatesAwardsOrsted Medal 1970 Scientific careerFieldsTheoretical physics Solvay Conference on Physics in Brussels 1951 Left to right sitting Crussaro Allen Cauchois Borelius Bragg Moller Sietz Hollomon Frank middle row Gerhart Rathenau nl Koster Erik Rudberg sv Flamache Goche Groven Orowan Burgers Shockley Guinier C S Smith Dehlinger de Laval Henriot top row Gaspart Lomer Cottrell Homes Curien His suggestion in 1938 to Otto Frisch that the newly discovered process of nuclear fission might create surplus energy led Frisch to conceive of the concept of the nuclear chain reaction leading to the Frisch Peierls memorandum which kick started the development of nuclear energy through the MAUD Committee and the Manhattan Project 3 Moller was the director of the European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN s Theoretical Study Group between 1954 and 1957 and later a member of the same organization s Scientific Policy Committee 1959 1972 4 Contents 1 Moller tetrad theory of gravitation 2 Supporting Chandrasekhar 3 Books 4 See also 5 ReferencesMoller tetrad theory of gravitation editIn 1961 Moller 5 6 showed that a tetrad description of gravitational fields allows a more rational treatment of the energy momentum complex than in a theory based on the metric tensor alone The advantage of using tetrads as gravitational variables was connected with the fact that this allowed to construct expressions for the energy momentum complex which had more satisfactory transformation properties than in a purely metric formulation Supporting Chandrasekhar editMain article Chandrasekhar Eddington dispute Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar came up with his theory of the Chandrasekhar limit for the maximum stable mass of a star in 1930 This calculation was in opposition to Sir Arthur Eddington theories about stars Eddington mocked Chandrasekhar various times and frequently campaigned against Chandrasekhar during conferences 7 In 1935 Moller was the first to write a paper in collaboration with Chandrasekhar to criticise Eddington s theory They wrote we are quite unable to follow Eddington s arguments They also proceeded to refute Eddington s follow up paper showing contradictions in his theory 7 Books editThe world and the atom London 1940 8 The theory of relativity Clarendon Press Oxford 1972 A study in gravitational collapse Kobenhavn Munksgaard 1975 On the crisis in the theory of gravitation and a possible solution Kobenhavn Munksgaard 1978 Evidence for gravitational theories ed Academic Press 1963 Interview with Dr Christian Moller by Thomas S Kuhn at Copenhagen July 29 1963 Archived January 12 2015 at the Wayback Machine Oral History Transcript Dr Christian MollerSee also editBorn rigidity Proper reference frame flat spacetime References edit Turkevich John Turkevich Ludmilla 1980 Prominent scientists of continental Europe Elsevier ISBN 0 444 00046 1 Kragh Helge 1992 Relativistic Collisions The Work of Christian Moller in the Early 1930s Arch Hist Exact Sci 43 4 299 328 doi 10 1007 BF00374762 S2CID 121494792 Frisch Otto Robert 1979 What Little I Remember Cambridge Cambridge University Press p 118 ISBN 978 0 521 28010 5 OCLC 911308407 Pors Felicity Moller Christian 1904 1980 Niels Bohr Archive Retrieved 2019 07 12 Moller Christian 1961 Conservation laws and absolute parallelism in general relativity Mat Fys Dan Vid Selsk 1 10 1 50 Moller Christian 1961 Further remarks on the localization of the energy in the general theory of relativity Ann Phys 12 1 118 133 Bibcode 1961AnPhy 12 118M doi 10 1016 0003 4916 61 90148 8 a b Mena J G Peres T S C 2018 Chandrasekhar Eddington Maths History Retrieved 2023 09 04 The National Library of Australia s Catalogue Archived from the original on 2017 05 02 Retrieved 2009 06 14 nbsp nbsp nbsp This article about a Danish scientist is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Christian Moller amp oldid 1201500932, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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