Chris Soumokil
Dr. Christiaan Robbert Steven Soumokil (13 October 1905 – 12 April 1966) was a South Moluccan politician and prosecutor who served as the second president of the Republic of South Maluku from 1950 until his execution in 1966 by Indonesian forces loyal to Suharto.[1]
Chris Soumokil | |
|---|---|
Soumokil in 1949 | |
| 2nd President of the Republic of South Maluku | |
| In office 3 May 1950 – 12 April 1966 | |
| Preceded by | Johanis Manuhutu |
| Succeeded by | Johan Manusama |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 13 October 1905 Surabaya, East Java, Dutch East Indies |
| Died | 12 April 1966 (aged 60) Pulau Ubi Basar, Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | Leiden University (1934) |
| Occupation | Prosecutor |
Early life edit
His father was Moluccan and his mother was an Indo (mixed Dutch and indigenous Indonesian descent). After high school, he studied law at the University of Leiden before returning to Indonesia in 1935 and finding work as a law official in Java.[1]
Political career edit
Between May 1947 and February 1950, he served as Minister of Justice in four cabinets of the State of East Indonesia.[2]
In April 1950, Soumokil, Johanis Manuhutu, and Albert Wairisal signed a declaration proclaiming the independence of the South Moluccas from the United States of Indonesia and the founding of an independent Republic of South Maluku. He became its second president on 3 May, a week after its creation.
Exile and execution edit
After the Indonesian invasion of Ambon and its successful attack on the rebel capital of Ambon, Soumokil fled to the nearby island of Seram, where he led a small band of guerillas until his capture on 2 December 1963. He was initially imprisoned on Java.
Soumokil was executed by firing squad on 12 April 1966, on Pulau Ubi Basar by forces loyal to Suharto.[1][3][4]
See also edit
References edit
Footnotes edit
- ^ a b c Tempo 2010.
- ^ Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung 1996, pp. 247, 310, 355, 707.
- ^ Hellwig & Tagliacozzo 2009, p. 322.
- ^ Hol & Vervaele 2005, p. 81.
Bibliography edit
- Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung (1996) [1995]. From the Formation of the State of East Indonesia Towards the Establishment of the United States of Indonesia. Translated by Owens, Linda. Yayasan Obor. ISBN 979-461-216-2.
- Hellwig, T.; Tagliacozzo, E., eds. (2009). The Indonesia Reader. Durham: Duke University Press. ISBN 9780822344247.
- Hol, Antoine; Vervaele, John, eds. (2005). Security and Civil Liberties: The Case of Terrorism. Intersentia. ISBN 978-90-5095-508-9.
- "Chris Soumokil, Proklamator Republik Maluku Selatan", Tempo.co (in Indonesian), 6 October 2010, retrieved 17 December 2018[permanent dead link]