In India, the northern race of the butterfly is common, while it is local and scarce in other parts of its range.[6]
Descriptionedit
The chocolate albatross has a wingspan of 55 to 70 mm. The male is white above with chocolate-brown or black margins, and, bright lemon yellow below with chocolate-coloured markings. The female is white and densely clouded with dark brown.[7]
The butterfly shows seasonal dimorphism and is very variable. The detailed descriptions are as follows:[6]
Wet-season form:
Male - white above, with bluish costa and termen inwardly edged with black teeth-like markings on the forewing. The hindwing is similarly toothed on the termen, which has a bluish inward border. The underside of the hindwing is bright yellow and is outwardly bordered with dark chocolate.[1]
Female - black upperside of the forewing with four white streaks on the disc. Blackish upperside of the hindwing except for the whitish discal area. The underside of the hindwing may be yellowish or whitish and have broad dark band at the termen.
Male - The male has narrower black margins above.[1]
Female - Similar above to the wet-season form, but with more extensive white markings.[1][2]
Habitsedit
The chocolate albatross is a forest butterfly and prefers rainy highlands, up to a level of 3,000 feet (910 m). Flying strongly and swiftly close to the ground, the albatross is frequently found in jungle clearings and along stream banks. The males are often found circling around trees and bushes. The chocolate albatross often mudpuddles, sometimes in large numbers. The butterfly occasionally visits flowers and has been recorded to visit Verbena flowers in Kodagu.[6]
Life cycleedit
The larvae have been recorded on Crataeva religiosa, Capparis roxburghii and Capparis heyneana.[5]
^ abcde One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Bingham, C.T. (1907). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. II (1st ed.). London: Taylor and Francis, Ltd. pp. 203–205.
^ abMoore, Frederic (1903–1905). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. VI. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 199–200.
^ abcdR.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 77. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN978-81-929826-4-9.
^ abcdeSavela, Markku. "Appias Hübner, [1819]". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved May 15, 2018.
^Kunte, Krushnamegh (2000). Butterflies of Peninsular India. India, A Lifescape. Hyderabad, India: Universities Press. pp. 100–101, ser no 23. ISBN978-8173713545.
Gaonkar, Harish (1996). Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System. Bangalore, India: Centre for Ecological Sciences.
Kunte, Krushnamegh (2000). Butterflies of Peninsular India. India, A Lifescape. Hyderabad, India: Universities Press. ISBN978-8173713545.
Arun, P. R. (2000). Seasonality and abundance of insects with special reference to butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in a Moist deciduous forest of Siruvani, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, South India Ph.D. Thesis, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. 236p.
Haribal, Meena (1992). The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History. Gangtok, Sikkim, India: Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Appias lyncida.
CSIRO Australia EntomID-PNG Specimen Database
ASEAN centre for Biodiversity
Photos of Singapore Butterflies The Chocolate Albatross ( 2009-10-25)
February 27, 2024
appias, lyncida, chocolate, albatross, butterfly, family, pieridae, that, yellows, whites, which, found, south, southeast, asia, chocolate, albatrossventral, viewscientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom, animaliaphylum, arthropodaclass, insectaorder,. Appias lyncida 3 the chocolate albatross 4 5 is a butterfly of the family Pieridae that is the yellows and whites which is found in south and southeast Asia 4 5 Chocolate albatrossVentral viewScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder LepidopteraFamily PieridaeGenus AppiasSpecies A lyncidaBinomial nameAppias lyncidaCramer 1777SubspeciesA l andrea A l balambangensis A l eleonora A l formosana A l hippona A l vasavaSynonymsPapilio hippo Cramer 1779 1 Appias taprobana Moore 1879 2 Contents 1 Range 2 Status 3 Description 4 Habits 5 Life cycle 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksRange editThe chocolate albatross is found in India China Sri Lanka Myanmar Malaysia Indonesia Philippines Thailand Laos Indochina Taiwan Hainan and possibly South China 4 5 In India the butterfly ranges across south India Nicobar islands Sikkim to Assam and onto Myanmar 4 5 In South India the chocolate albatross is to be found along the foot of the Western Ghats It is found throughout the year in the Nilgiris where it is locally common In the northern parts of peninsular India it extends into Orissa and north up to Lucknow 6 Status editIn India the northern race of the butterfly is common while it is local and scarce in other parts of its range 6 Description edit nbsp The chocolate albatross has a wingspan of 55 to 70 mm The male is white above with chocolate brown or black margins and bright lemon yellow below with chocolate coloured markings The female is white and densely clouded with dark brown 7 nbsp The butterfly shows seasonal dimorphism and is very variable The detailed descriptions are as follows 6 Wet season form Male white above with bluish costa and termen inwardly edged with black teeth like markings on the forewing The hindwing is similarly toothed on the termen which has a bluish inward border The underside of the hindwing is bright yellow and is outwardly bordered with dark chocolate 1 Female black upperside of the forewing with four white streaks on the disc Blackish upperside of the hindwing except for the whitish discal area The underside of the hindwing may be yellowish or whitish and have broad dark band at the termen Dry season form smaller 1 Male The male has narrower black margins above 1 Female Similar above to the wet season form but with more extensive white markings 1 2 Habits editThe chocolate albatross is a forest butterfly and prefers rainy highlands up to a level of 3 000 feet 910 m Flying strongly and swiftly close to the ground the albatross is frequently found in jungle clearings and along stream banks The males are often found circling around trees and bushes The chocolate albatross often mudpuddles sometimes in large numbers The butterfly occasionally visits flowers and has been recorded to visit Verbena flowers in Kodagu 6 Life cycle editThe larvae have been recorded on Crataeva religiosa Capparis roxburghii and Capparis heyneana 5 Life cycle nbsp Eggs on Crateva religiosa nbsp Larva nbsp Chrysalis nbsp Imago dorsal view nbsp Imago lateral view male on right female on left See also editPieridae List of butterflies of India List of butterflies of India Pieridae Notes edit a b c d e nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Bingham C T 1907 The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma Vol II 1st ed London Taylor and Francis Ltd pp 203 205 a b Moore Frederic 1903 1905 Lepidoptera Indica Vol VI London Lovell Reeve and Co pp 199 200 Beccaloni G Scoble M Kitching I Simonsen T Robinson G Pitkin B Hine A Lyal C eds 2003 Appias lyncida The Global Lepidoptera Names Index Natural History Museum Retrieved May 15 2018 a b c d R K Varshney Smetacek Peter 2015 A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India New Delhi Butterfly Research Centre Bhimtal amp Indinov Publishing New Delhi p 77 doi 10 13140 RG 2 1 3966 2164 ISBN 978 81 929826 4 9 a b c d e Savela Markku Appias Hubner 1819 Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms Retrieved May 15 2018 a b c d Wynter Blyth Mark Alexander 1957 Butterflies of the Indian Region Bombay India Bombay Natural History Society pp 428 429 ISBN 978 8170192329 Kunte Krushnamegh 2000 Butterflies of Peninsular India India A Lifescape Hyderabad India Universities Press pp 100 101 ser no 23 ISBN 978 8173713545 References editEvans W H 1932 The Identification of Indian Butterflies 2nd ed Mumbai India Bombay Natural History Society Gaonkar Harish 1996 Butterflies of the Western Ghats India including Sri Lanka A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System Bangalore India Centre for Ecological Sciences Kunte Krushnamegh 2000 Butterflies of Peninsular India India A Lifescape Hyderabad India Universities Press ISBN 978 8173713545 Wynter Blyth Mark Alexander 1957 Butterflies of the Indian Region Bombay India Bombay Natural History Society ISBN 978 8170192329 Arun P R 2000 Seasonality and abundance of insects with special reference to butterflies Lepidoptera Rhopalocera in a Moist deciduous forest of Siruvani Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve South India Ph D Thesis Bharathiar University Coimbatore 236p Haribal Meena 1992 The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History Gangtok Sikkim India Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Appias lyncida CSIRO Australia EntomID PNG Specimen Database 1 ASEAN centre for Biodiversity 2 Photos of Singapore Butterflies The Chocolate Albatross Archived 2009 10 25 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Appias lyncida amp oldid 1195258758, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
