Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
January 26, 2023
The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC, Chinese: 中国人民政治协商会议), also known as the People's PCC (Chinese: 人民政协, listen) or simply the PCC (政协), is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China and a central part of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s united front system.[1] Its members advise and put proposals for political and social issues to government bodies.[2] However, the CPPCC is a body without real legislative power.[3] While consultation does take place, it is supervised and directed by the CCP.[3]
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
The organizational hierarchy of the CPPCC consists of a National Committee and regional committees. Regional committees extend to the provincial, prefecture, and county level. According to the constitution of the CPPCC, the relationship between the National Committee and the regional committees is one of guidance and not direct leadership. However, an indirect leadership exists via the United Front Work Department at each level.[1][9] The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (Chinese: 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Zhèngzhì Xiéshāng Huìyì Quánguó Wěiyuánhuì, shortened Chinese: 全国政协; pinyin: Quánguó Zhèngxié; lit. 'National PCC') typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC). The CPPCC National Committee and NPC plenary sessions are collectively called the Quanguo Lianghui ("National Two Sessions").
The CPPCC is intended to be more representative of a broader range of people than is typical of government office in the People's Republic of China. According to Sinologist Peter Mattis, the CPPCC is "the one place where all the relevant actors inside and outside the party come together: party elders, intelligence officers, diplomats, propagandists, soldiers and political commissars, united front workers, academics, and businesspeople."[10] In practice, the CPPCC serves as "the place where messages are developed and distributed among party members and the non-party faithful who shape perceptions of the CCP and China."[10] The composition of the members of the CPPCC changes over time according to national strategic priorities.[11] Previously dominated by senior figures in real-estate, state-owned enterprises, and "princelings", the CPPCC in 2018 was primarily composed of individuals from China's technology sector.[12]
In 1949, with the Communist Party having gained control of most of mainland China, they organized a "new" Political Consultative Conference in September, inviting delegates from various friendly parties to attend and discuss the establishment of a new state. This conference was then renamed the People's Political Consultative Conference. The first conference approved the Common Program, which served as the de facto constitution for the next five years. The conference approved the new national anthem, flag, capital city, and state name, and elected the first government of the People's Republic of China. In effect, the first People's Political Consultative Conference served as a constitutional convention.
From 1949 to 1954, the conference became the de facto legislature of the PRC. In 1954, the Constitution transferred this function to the National People's Congress.
Present role
The CPPCC is the "peak united front forum, bringing together CCP officials and Chinese elites."[7] The CPPCC includes the CCP, eight small legally-permitted parties, and independent nonparty "friends."[13] It provides a "seat" for the non-communist parties and so-called "patriotic democrats."[13] The conception of the non-communist parties as part of a coalition rather than an opposition is expressed in the PRC's constitutional principle of "political consultation and multiparty cooperation."[13] This constitutional principle obliges the CCP to consult[according to whom?] the others on all major policy issues.[dubious – discuss][13] Particularly since the 2000s, CPPCC members frequently petition the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party regarding socioeconomic, health, and environmental issues.[13]
"The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, a broadly based representative organization of the united front which has played a significant historical role, will play a still more important role in the country’s political and social life, in promoting friendship with other countries and in the struggle for socialist modernization and for the reunification and unity of the country. The system of the multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China will exist and develop for a long time to come."
According to state mediaXinhua News Agency, it is neither a body of state power nor a policymaking organ, but a platform for participating in state affairs.[15]
National Committee
Building of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
The National Committee CPPCC is the national level organization that represents the CPPCC nationally and is made up of deputies coming from various sectors of society. Deputies of the NC-CPPCC are elected for 5 year terms.[citation needed]
The CCP and the aligned "democratic parties" participate in the NC-CPPCC. Besides political parties, NC-CPPCC has also delegates from various sectors of society in its ranks.[16] The parties and groups with delegates to the NC-CPPCC are as follows:[citation needed]
National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Other Specially Invited Dignitaries to the Conference
Standing Committee
In between plenary sessions of the National Committee the duties of the CPPCC are performed by the Standing Committee of the NC-CPPCC. It is responsible for all actions taken by the whole of the National Committee of the Conference or by individual deputies of it. Faction leaders of the National Committee lead the sectoral or party delegations in the Standing Committee that are assigned seats.[citation needed]
Special Committees
The CPPCC National Committee has 10 Special Committees:[citation needed]
The People’s Political Consultative Daily [zh] (《人民政协报》) is the press window of information on direct policies and viewpoints of the CPPCC. Like most of the Chinese political organs, the newspaper serves as the mouthpiece for the conference.[citation needed]
The following regional committees are modelled after the National Committee with identical composition of deputies elected to them and are each supervised by regional level Standing Committees:
CPPCC province-level committees
including regional committees of the autonomous regions and city committees of directly controlled municipal governments (Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing and Shanghai)
CPPCC prefecture-level committees
including autonomous prefectural committees and city committees of sub-provincial and prefectural cities
CPPCC county-level committees
including committees of autonomous counties and country-level cities
^ abBowe, Alexander (August 24, 2018). "China's Overseas United Front Work: Background and Implications for the United States" (PDF). United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission. (PDF) from the original on September 9, 2018. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
^Tiezzi, Shannon. "What Is the CPPCC Anyway?". The Diplomat. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
^ abColin Mackerras; Donald Hugh McMillen; Andrew Watson (2001). Dictionary of the Politics of the People's Republic of China. London: Routledge. p. 70. ISBN0-203-45072-8. OCLC 57241932.
^Pauw, Alan Donald (1981). "Chinese Democratic Parties as a Mass Organization". Asian Affairs. 8 (6): 372–390. doi:10.1080/00927678.1981.10553834. ISSN 0092-7678. JSTOR 30171852.
^Rees-Bloor, Natasha (2016-03-15). "China's largest political conference – in pictures". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
^(PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. May 1957. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
^Shih, Wen (1963-03-01). "Political Parties in Communist China". Asian Survey. 3 (3): 157–164. doi:10.2307/3023623. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 3023623.
^Dotson, John (May 29, 2020). "Themes from the CPPCC Signal the End of Hong Kong Autonomy—and the Effective End of the "One Country, Two Systems" Framework". Jamestown Foundation. from the original on 2020-06-07. Retrieved 2020-06-03.
^ abCole, J. Michael; Hsu, Szu-chien (2020-07-30). Insidious Power: How China Undermines Global Democracy. Eastbridge Books. pp. 3–39. ISBN978-1-78869-213-7.
^Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (2016-03-03). "Advisory Body's Delegates Offer Glimpse Into China's Worries". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-09-13.
^Yu, Xie; Leng, Sidney (2018-03-04). "Tech entrepreneurs dominate as China's political advisers in IT push". South China Morning Post. from the original on 2018-03-05. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
^. www.npc.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-02-06. Retrieved 2018-01-05.
^Q&A: Roles and functions of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 2018-09-21 at the Wayback Machinewww.xinhuanet.com
^"Charter of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference". www.cppcc.gov.cn. from the original on 2018-01-02. Retrieved 2018-01-01.
^中国人民政治协商会议第十二届全国委员会委员名单. www.cppcc.gov.cn (in Chinese). from the original on 2018-01-06. Retrieved 2018-01-01.
External links
Official website
Official news website
Official newspaper website
January 26, 2023
chinese, people, political, consultative, conference, cppcc, chinese, 中国人民政治协商会议, also, known, people, chinese, 人民政协, listen, simply, 政协, political, advisory, body, people, republic, china, central, part, chinese, communist, party, united, front, system, membe. The Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference CPPCC Chinese 中国人民政治协商会议 also known as the People s PCC Chinese 人民政协 listen or simply the PCC 政协 is a political advisory body in the People s Republic of China and a central part of the Chinese Communist Party CCP s united front system 1 Its members advise and put proposals for political and social issues to government bodies 2 However the CPPCC is a body without real legislative power 3 While consultation does take place it is supervised and directed by the CCP 3 Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议Zhōngguo Renmin Zhengzhi Xieshang HuiyiTypeTypePopular United FrontOrgan for Multi party Cooperation and Political ConsultationConstitutional convention Historical HistoryFoundedSeptember 21 1949 1949 09 21 Preceded byNational AssemblyLeadershipChairmanWang Yang CCPVice ChairpersonsSee list Zhang Qingli CCPLiu Qibao CCPPagbalha Geleg Namgyai NonpartisanTung Chee hwa NonpartisanWan Gang CZGPEdmund Ho NonpartisanLu Zhangong CCPWang Zhengwei CCPMa Biao CCPChen Xiaoguang CDLLeung Chun ying NonpartisanXia Baolong CCPYang Chuantang CCPLi Bin CCPBagatur CCPWang Yongqing CCPHe Lifeng CCPSu Hui TDSLZheng Jianbang RCCKGu Shengzu CDNCALiu Xincheng CAPDHe Wei CPWDPShao Hong JSGao Yunlong CDNCASecretary GeneralLi Bin CCPMain OrganPlenary Session amp Standing Committee of National Committee CPPCCPlenum of the CPPCC Historical StructureSeatsNC CPPCC 2158NC CPPCC Standing Committee 324NC CPPCC political groups CCP minor parties and independents 544 People s organizations 315 Representatives of various groups 1010 Specially invited people 136 NC CPPCC Standing Committee political groups CCP minor parties and independents 193 People s organizations 30 Representatives of various groups 67 Specially invited people 33 Vacant 1 Length of term5 yearsMeeting placeGreat Hall of the People Xicheng District Beijing City People s Republic of ChinaWebsitewww wbr cppcc wbr gov wbr cnChinese People s Political Consultative ConferenceSimplified Chinese中国人民政治协商会议Traditional Chinese中國人民政治協商會議TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōngguo Renmin Zhengzhi Xieshang HuiyiShort formSimplified Chinese人民政协Traditional Chinese人民政協Literal meaningPeople s Political ConsultationTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinRenmin ZhengxieShortest formSimplified Chinese政协Traditional Chinese政協Literal meaningPolitical ConsultationTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhengxieThird alternative Chinese nameSimplified Chinese新政协Traditional Chinese新政協Literal meaningNew Political ConsultationTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinXinzhengxieThe body traditionally consists of delegates from the CCP and its front organizations eight legally permitted political parties subservient to the CCP as well as nominally independent members 4 5 6 The CPPCC is chaired by a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party 7 In keeping with the united front strategy prominent non CCP members have been included among the Vice Chairs examples being Chen Shutong Li Jishen and Soong Ching ling 8 The organizational hierarchy of the CPPCC consists of a National Committee and regional committees Regional committees extend to the provincial prefecture and county level According to the constitution of the CPPCC the relationship between the National Committee and the regional committees is one of guidance and not direct leadership However an indirect leadership exists via the United Front Work Department at each level 1 9 The National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference Chinese 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 pinyin Zhōngguo Renmin Zhengzhi Xieshang Huiyi Quanguo Weiyuanhui shortened Chinese 全国政协 pinyin Quanguo Zhengxie lit National PCC typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People s Congress NPC The CPPCC National Committee and NPC plenary sessions are collectively called the Quanguo Lianghui National Two Sessions The CPPCC is intended to be more representative of a broader range of people than is typical of government office in the People s Republic of China According to Sinologist Peter Mattis the CPPCC is the one place where all the relevant actors inside and outside the party come together party elders intelligence officers diplomats propagandists soldiers and political commissars united front workers academics and businesspeople 10 In practice the CPPCC serves as the place where messages are developed and distributed among party members and the non party faithful who shape perceptions of the CCP and China 10 The composition of the members of the CPPCC changes over time according to national strategic priorities 11 Previously dominated by senior figures in real estate state owned enterprises and princelings the CPPCC in 2018 was primarily composed of individuals from China s technology sector 12 Contents 1 History 2 Present role 3 National Committee 3 1 Standing Committee 3 2 Special Committees 3 3 Composition of members 3 4 The People s Political Consultative Daily 4 Regional committees 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The first Plenum of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference in 1949 The Conference dated prior to the existence of the People s Republic of China During negotiations between the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang in 1945 the two parties agreed to open multiparty talks on post World War II political reforms via a Political Consultative Conference This was included in the Double Tenth Agreement This agreement was implemented by the National Government of the Republic of China who organized the first Political Consultative Assembly from January 10 31 1946 Representatives of the Kuomintang CCP Chinese Youth Party and China Democratic League as well as independent delegates attended the conference in Chongqing In 1949 with the Communist Party having gained control of most of mainland China they organized a new Political Consultative Conference in September inviting delegates from various friendly parties to attend and discuss the establishment of a new state This conference was then renamed the People s Political Consultative Conference The first conference approved the Common Program which served as the de facto constitution for the next five years The conference approved the new national anthem flag capital city and state name and elected the first government of the People s Republic of China In effect the first People s Political Consultative Conference served as a constitutional convention From 1949 to 1954 the conference became the de facto legislature of the PRC In 1954 the Constitution transferred this function to the National People s Congress Present role EditThe CPPCC is the peak united front forum bringing together CCP officials and Chinese elites 7 The CPPCC includes the CCP eight small legally permitted parties and independent nonparty friends 13 It provides a seat for the non communist parties and so called patriotic democrats 13 The conception of the non communist parties as part of a coalition rather than an opposition is expressed in the PRC s constitutional principle of political consultation and multiparty cooperation 13 This constitutional principle obliges the CCP to consult according to whom the others on all major policy issues dubious discuss 13 Particularly since the 2000s CPPCC members frequently petition the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party regarding socioeconomic health and environmental issues 13 The Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference a broadly based representative organization of the united front which has played a significant historical role will play a still more important role in the country s political and social life in promoting friendship with other countries and in the struggle for socialist modernization and for the reunification and unity of the country The system of the multi party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China will exist and develop for a long time to come Preamble of the Constitution of the People s Republic of China 14 According to state media Xinhua News Agency it is neither a body of state power nor a policymaking organ but a platform for participating in state affairs 15 National Committee Edit Building of the National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference The National Committee CPPCC is the national level organization that represents the CPPCC nationally and is made up of deputies coming from various sectors of society Deputies of the NC CPPCC are elected for 5 year terms citation needed The chairman of the NC CPPCC currently Wang Yang is a high ranking office in the country with the holder generally being a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party the country s top decision making body The chairman is assisted by several vice chairpersons and a secretary general The CCP and the aligned democratic parties participate in the NC CPPCC Besides political parties NC CPPCC has also delegates from various sectors of society in its ranks 16 The parties and groups with delegates to the NC CPPCC are as follows citation needed National Committee of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference Political parties People s organizations Representatives of various groups Special guestsChinese Communist Party Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang China Democratic League China Democratic National Construction Association China Association for Promoting Democracy Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party China Party for Public Interest Jiusan Society Taiwan Democratic Self Government League Nonpartisan Communist Youth League of China All China Federation of Trade Unions All China Women s Federation All China Youth Federation All China Federation of Industry and Commerce China Association for Science and Technology All China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots All China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese Sector of Literature and Arts Sector of Science and Technology Sector of Social Science Sector of Economics Sector of Agriculture Sector of Education Sector of Sports Sector of Press and Publication Sector of Medicine and Health Sector of International Friendship Activists Sector of Social Welfare and Social Security Sector of the Ethnic Minorities Sector of Religions Specially Invited Hong Kong Representatives Specially Invited Macao Representatives Other Specially Invited Dignitaries to the ConferenceStanding Committee Edit In between plenary sessions of the National Committee the duties of the CPPCC are performed by the Standing Committee of the NC CPPCC It is responsible for all actions taken by the whole of the National Committee of the Conference or by individual deputies of it Faction leaders of the National Committee lead the sectoral or party delegations in the Standing Committee that are assigned seats citation needed Special Committees Edit The CPPCC National Committee has 10 Special Committees citation needed Handling Proposals Committee 提案委员会 Economic Affairs Committee 经济委员会 Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee 农业和农村委员会 Population Resources and Environment Committee 人口资源环境委员会 Education Science Health and Sports Committee 教科卫体委员会 Social and Legal Affairs Committee 社会和法制委员会 Ethnic and Religious Affairs Committee 民族和宗教委员会 Culture History and Study Committee 文化文史和学习委员会 Liaison with Hong Kong Macao Taiwan and Overseas Chinese Committee 港澳台侨委员会 Foreign Affairs Committee 外事委员会 Composition of members Edit 2158 members in the 13th National Committee of CPPCC 17 Seats for Political Parties 536 in all Chinese Communist Party 97 Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang 65 China Democratic League 65 China National Democratic Construction Association 64 China Association for Promoting Democracy 45 Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party 45 China Zhi Gong Party 29 Jiusan Society 44 Taiwan Democratic Self Government League 20 Independents 62 Seats for People s organizations 307 in all Communist Youth League of China 9 All China Federation of Trade Unions 60 All China Women s Federation 64 All China Youth Federation 28 All China Federation of Industry and Commerce 61 China Association for Science and Technology 43 All China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots 15 All China Federation of Returned Overseas 27 Seats for Sectoral representatives 1357 in all Sector of Literature and Arts 142 Sector of Science and Technology 110 Sector of Social Science 71 Sector of Economics 149 Sector of Agriculture 67 Sector of Education 113 Sector of Sports 21 Sector of Press and Publication 44 Sector of Medicine and Health 88 Sector of International Friendship Activists 42 Sector of Social Welfare and Social Security 37 Sector of the Ethnic Minorities 101 Sector of Religions 65 Specially Invited Hong Kong Representatives 124 Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong 25 Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong 4 Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions 2 Liberal Party Hong Kong 4 New Century Forum 1 New Territories Association of Societies 2 Specially Invited Macao Representatives 29 Macau United Citizens Association 1 Macau Business Interest Union 1 Macau Union of Professional Interests 2 Progress Promotion Union General Union of the Macao Residents Associations 1 Union for Development The Women s General Association of Macau 1 Other Specially Invited Dignitaries to the Conference including service personnel of the People s Liberation Army and the People s Armed Police 154 The People s Political Consultative Daily Edit The People s Political Consultative Daily zh 人民政协报 is the press window of information on direct policies and viewpoints of the CPPCC Like most of the Chinese political organs the newspaper serves as the mouthpiece for the conference citation needed Regional committees EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The following regional committees are modelled after the National Committee with identical composition of deputies elected to them and are each supervised by regional level Standing Committees CPPCC province level committees including regional committees of the autonomous regions and city committees of directly controlled municipal governments Beijing Tianjin Chongqing and Shanghai CPPCC prefecture level committees including autonomous prefectural committees and city committees of sub provincial and prefectural cities CPPCC county level committees including committees of autonomous counties and country level citiesSee also Edit China portal Politics portal Communism portalChinese Literature and History Press the CPPCC s publishing house List of current members of CPPCC by sectorReferences Edit a b Bowe Alexander August 24 2018 China s Overseas United Front Work Background and Implications for the United States PDF United States China Economic and Security Review Commission Archived PDF from the original on September 9 2018 Retrieved May 12 2019 Tiezzi Shannon What Is the CPPCC Anyway The Diplomat Retrieved 2022 08 21 a b Colin Mackerras Donald Hugh McMillen Andrew Watson 2001 Dictionary of the Politics of the People s Republic of China London Routledge p 70 ISBN 0 203 45072 8 OCLC 57241932 Pauw Alan Donald 1981 Chinese Democratic Parties as a Mass Organization Asian Affairs 8 6 372 390 doi 10 1080 00927678 1981 10553834 ISSN 0092 7678 JSTOR 30171852 Rees Bloor Natasha 2016 03 15 China s largest political conference in pictures The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2020 09 13 The United Front in Communist China PDF Central Intelligence Agency May 1957 Archived from the original PDF on January 23 2017 Retrieved June 10 2020 a b Joske Alex 2020 The party speaks for you Foreign interference and the Chinese Communist Party s united front system Report Australian Strategic Policy Institute JSTOR resrep25132 Shih Wen 1963 03 01 Political Parties in Communist China Asian Survey 3 3 157 164 doi 10 2307 3023623 ISSN 0004 4687 JSTOR 3023623 Dotson John May 29 2020 Themes from the CPPCC Signal the End of Hong Kong Autonomy and the Effective End of the One Country Two Systems Framework Jamestown Foundation Archived from the original on 2020 06 07 Retrieved 2020 06 03 a b Cole J Michael Hsu Szu chien 2020 07 30 Insidious Power How China Undermines Global Democracy Eastbridge Books pp 3 39 ISBN 978 1 78869 213 7 Tatlow Didi Kirsten 2016 03 03 Advisory Body s Delegates Offer Glimpse Into China s Worries The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2020 09 13 Yu Xie Leng Sidney 2018 03 04 Tech entrepreneurs dominate as China s political advisers in IT push South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 2018 03 05 Retrieved 2018 03 06 a b c d e Lin Chun 2006 The transformation of Chinese socialism Durham N C Duke University Press pp 150 151 ISBN 978 0 8223 3785 0 OCLC 63178961 The National People s Congress of the People s Republic of China www npc gov cn Archived from the original on 2016 02 06 Retrieved 2018 01 05 Q amp A Roles and functions of Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference Archived 2018 09 21 at the Wayback Machine www xinhuanet com Charter of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference www cppcc gov cn Archived from the original on 2018 01 02 Retrieved 2018 01 01 中国人民政治协商会议第十二届全国委员会委员名单 www cppcc gov cn in Chinese Archived from the original on 2018 01 06 Retrieved 2018 01 01 External links EditOfficial website Official news website Official newspaper website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chinese People 27s Political Consultative Conference amp oldid 1135105468, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
