The Charomskiy ACh-30 was a Sovietaircraft diesel engine developed during World War II. The initial version was not very satisfactory and it was cancelled when its factory was forced to evacuate in the autumn of 1941. Production was reinitiated in the summer of 1942 and continued until September 1945 to meet the need for an economical engine to power the Soviet long-range bombers like the Petlyakov Pe-8 and the Yermolayev Yer-2.
The ACh-30 was a development of the experimental AN-1RTK turbo-supercharged diesel engine that had begun development in the early 1930s. It was initially designated as the AD-5 when development began in the sharashka attached to Factory (Zavod) No. 82 at Tushino Airport in 1939. Construction of the first five prototypes began at the end of that year and it passed its tests in early 1940. Preparations to begin series manufacture at Factory No. 82 began in May 1940, but actual production was delayed until 1941 when forty-four were built as the M-30. Production was planned to be transferred to the Kharkov Tractor Factory, but this was cancelled before any engines were built. The M-30 had proven to be unsatisfactory in service, as it was unreliable and troublesome at high altitudes and in cold conditions. Specific problems were its failure to deliver full rpm and it suffered from oil blowouts and failures of the oil pumps. Production was cancelled when Factory No. 82 was forced to evacuate in the fall of 1941 because of the German advance on Moscow.[1]
Production was reinitiated in the evacuated workshops of Factory No. 82 by Factory No. 500 in June 1942, thirty-two engines being completed during the year. Development of supercharged versions began about the same time, using geared, centrifugal-type superchargers adapted from the Mikulin AM-38 and the Klimov M-105 engines with intercoolers. That from the AM-38 was more successful and was put into production as the M-30B. Thirty-five incomplete M-30 engines were modified beginning in August into M-30Bs and then thirty-four M-30Bs were produced during the rest of 1942. Oddly the ACh-30B, as the engine was now known, was not formally accepted for series production until 19 June 1943, although production had begun quite a bit earlier than that. Factory No. 45 began production in the fourth quarter of 1943. Some 1450 ACh-30Bs were built before production ended at both factories in September 1945.[2]
The ACh-30B was tested as a motorjet in which the jet engine's compressor was driven by an incorporated piston engine (as opposed to being driven by a turbine extracting power from the jet's exhaust as in a normal turbojet).[3] It was bench tested from June 1944 through May 1945, but was never installed in any aircraft. The jet engine's thrust was 1,925 lbf (8.56 kN) and the equivalent horsepower of the combination was 4,500 hp (3,400 kW). The combination weighed 1,700 kg (3,700 lb).[3]
Versions of the ACh-30 were evaluated on the Ilyushin Il-6 and the ANT-67, a long-range version of the Tupolev Tu-2, but neither aircraft was put into production. It was also proposed for use on the Tupolev Tu-8S and the MN executive transport, but neither of those projects progressed past design proposal stage.[3]
VariantsEdit
AD-5, M-30, ACh-30 – four turbochargers, but no supercharger. Weight: 1,200 kg (2,600 lb), Power: 1,500 hp (1,100 kW), approximately 76 built.
M-30F – 1942 prototype. Power: 1,750 hp (1,300 kW)
M-30B, ACh-30B – main production variant, 1450 built.
M-30D – boosted version for an attack aircraft with 2,000 hp (1,500 kW). Factory No. 500 ordered to develop this version, but no further information is known.
M50-T – throttled version of ACh-30 for a torpedo boat and tank IS-7. Power: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
ACh-30BF – Boosted version of the ACh-30B. Weight: 1,280 kg (2,820 lb), Power: 1,900 hp (1,400 kW), 17 built by modifying standard ACh-30Bs.
TD-30B tank engine – a post-war development that later led to the TD11B tank engine.
M-850 – modification of M50-T with 1,090 hp (810 kW) for Object 277 heavy tank prototype.
charomskiy, soviet, aircraft, diesel, engine, developed, during, world, initial, version, very, satisfactory, cancelled, when, factory, forced, evacuate, autumn, 1941, production, reinitiated, summer, 1942, continued, until, september, 1945, meet, need, econom. The Charomskiy ACh 30 was a Soviet aircraft diesel engine developed during World War II The initial version was not very satisfactory and it was cancelled when its factory was forced to evacuate in the autumn of 1941 Production was reinitiated in the summer of 1942 and continued until September 1945 to meet the need for an economical engine to power the Soviet long range bombers like the Petlyakov Pe 8 and the Yermolayev Yer 2 ACh 30An ACh 30B on display at the Central Air Force MuseumType Liquid cooled V 12 turbo supercharged diesel engineNational origin Soviet UnionManufacturer CharomskiyFirst run about 1940Major applications Petlyakov Pe 8 Yermolayev Yer 2Produced 1940 1945Number built 1526 Contents 1 Development 2 Variants 3 Applications 4 Specifications ACh 30B 4 1 General characteristics 4 2 Components 4 3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 BibliographyDevelopment EditThe ACh 30 was a development of the experimental AN 1RTK turbo supercharged diesel engine that had begun development in the early 1930s It was initially designated as the AD 5 when development began in the sharashka attached to Factory Zavod No 82 at Tushino Airport in 1939 Construction of the first five prototypes began at the end of that year and it passed its tests in early 1940 Preparations to begin series manufacture at Factory No 82 began in May 1940 but actual production was delayed until 1941 when forty four were built as the M 30 Production was planned to be transferred to the Kharkov Tractor Factory but this was cancelled before any engines were built The M 30 had proven to be unsatisfactory in service as it was unreliable and troublesome at high altitudes and in cold conditions Specific problems were its failure to deliver full rpm and it suffered from oil blowouts and failures of the oil pumps Production was cancelled when Factory No 82 was forced to evacuate in the fall of 1941 because of the German advance on Moscow 1 Production was reinitiated in the evacuated workshops of Factory No 82 by Factory No 500 in June 1942 thirty two engines being completed during the year Development of supercharged versions began about the same time using geared centrifugal type superchargers adapted from the Mikulin AM 38 and the Klimov M 105 engines with intercoolers That from the AM 38 was more successful and was put into production as the M 30B Thirty five incomplete M 30 engines were modified beginning in August into M 30Bs and then thirty four M 30Bs were produced during the rest of 1942 Oddly the ACh 30B as the engine was now known was not formally accepted for series production until 19 June 1943 although production had begun quite a bit earlier than that Factory No 45 began production in the fourth quarter of 1943 Some 1450 ACh 30Bs were built before production ended at both factories in September 1945 2 The ACh 30B was tested as a motorjet in which the jet engine s compressor was driven by an incorporated piston engine as opposed to being driven by a turbine extracting power from the jet s exhaust as in a normal turbojet 3 It was bench tested from June 1944 through May 1945 but was never installed in any aircraft The jet engine s thrust was 1 925 lbf 8 56 kN and the equivalent horsepower of the combination was 4 500 hp 3 400 kW The combination weighed 1 700 kg 3 700 lb 3 Versions of the ACh 30 were evaluated on the Ilyushin Il 6 and the ANT 67 a long range version of the Tupolev Tu 2 but neither aircraft was put into production It was also proposed for use on the Tupolev Tu 8S and the MN executive transport but neither of those projects progressed past design proposal stage 3 Variants EditAD 5 M 30 ACh 30 four turbochargers but no supercharger Weight 1 200 kg 2 600 lb Power 1 500 hp 1 100 kW approximately 76 built M 30F 1942 prototype Power 1 750 hp 1 300 kW M 30B ACh 30B main production variant 1450 built M 30D boosted version for an attack aircraft with 2 000 hp 1 500 kW Factory No 500 ordered to develop this version but no further information is known M50 T throttled version of ACh 30 for a torpedo boat and tank IS 7 Power 1 050 hp 780 kW ACh 30BF Boosted version of the ACh 30B Weight 1 280 kg 2 820 lb Power 1 900 hp 1 400 kW 17 built by modifying standard ACh 30Bs TD 30B tank engine a post war development that later led to the TD11B tank engine M 850 modification of M50 T with 1 090 hp 810 kW for Object 277 heavy tank prototype Applications EditIlyushin Il 6 Petlyakov Pe 8 Yermolayev Yer 2Specifications ACh 30B EditData from Kotelnikov Russian Piston Aero Engines General characteristics Type V 12 turbo supercharged four stroke diesel engine Bore 180 mm 7 1 in Stroke 200 mm 7 9 in Displacement 61 04 L 3 725 cu in Dry weight 1 290 kg 2 840 lb Components Supercharger geared centrifugal type supercharger Turbocharger 2 x T1 82 Fuel type diesel Cooling system liquid cooledPerformance Power output 1 500 hp 1 100 kW Compression ratio 13 5 1See also EditRelated development Charomskiy M 40Comparable engines Junkers Jumo 204 Junkers Jumo 205Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charomskiy ACh 30 Notes Edit Kotelnilov p 176 Kotelnikov pp 176 177 a b c Kotelnikov p 178 Bibliography Edit Gunston Bill 1995 Tupolev Aircraft since 1922 Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 1 55750 882 8 Kotelnikov Vladimir 2005 Russian Piston Aero Engines Marlborough UK Crowood Press ISBN 1 86126 702 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charomskiy ACh 30 amp oldid 1167001838, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
