Chang Yuchun (1330 – 9 August 1369), courtesy nameBoren and art nameYanheng, was a Chinese military general of the Ming dynasty. He was a follower of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, and contributed heavily to the establishment of the Ming Empire. He was famous for his bravery and formidable prowess in battle, which earned him the nickname of "Chang Hundred-Thousand" (常十万), because he alone was said to be as effective as a force of 100,000 troops.[1]
Chang Yuchun
A Qing dynasty illustration of Chang Yuchun in the Wanxiaotang Huachuan, by Shangguan Zhou
Chang was born in Huaiyuan County, Anhui, he was described as a stalwart man with imposing look and great strength. Chang joined the Red Turban Rebellion in 1355 to overthrow the Mongol-ruled Yuan dynasty in China. In the sixth month[note 1] of that year, he followed Zhu Yuanzhang on a battle with the Yuan army that took place at Caishi (near present-day southern Ma'anshan, eastern bank of the Yangtze River). The rebel forces emerged victorious in that battle and Chang became famous. He was subsequently promoted to the rank of yuanshuai (equivalent of marshal).
Chang participated in major battles against Zhu Yuanzhang's rivals, Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng, helped Zhu eliminate them and secure his rule over China and laid the foundation for the Ming dynasty. He was granted the title "Duke of E" (鄂國公) by Zhu in 1366. In 1367, Chang followed Xu Da on a military campaign north and conquered the Yuan capital, Khanbaliq, in the following year, thereby ending Mongol rule in China.
In 1369, Chang died of illness on the return journey to Nanjing in the east of present-day Xuanhua County, Hebei. When Zhu Yuanzhang heard of Chang's death, he wrote a poem mourning Chang and posthumously granted Chang the title "Prince of Kaiping" (開平王) and the posthumous name "Zhongwu" (忠武). Chang Yuchun had three sons, Chang Mao (常茂), Chang Sheng (常升) and Chang Sen (常森).
Chang appears as a minor character in Louis Cha's wuxia novel The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber. In the novel, he is a member of the Ming Cult, a rebel movement seeking to overthrow the Yuan dynasty. He is wounded in a fight with some Yuan soldiers but is saved by Zhang Sanfeng. He agrees to bring Zhang Wuji (the protagonist) with him to Butterfly Valley to seek treatment from the eccentric physician, Hu Qingniu. Several years later, Chang becomes Zhang Wuji's subordinate after Zhang becomes the cult's leader for his heroics in saving the cult from destruction. He participates in various battles against Yuan forces and eventually helps Zhu Yuanzhang establish the Ming dynasty.
Martial arts
Chang Yuchun is said to be the creator of the martial art "Kaiping spear method".[2]
Discourse on Chang Yuchun's religion and ethnicity
Chang's religion and ethnic background is a controversial issue in Chinese historian circles. According to Bai Shouyi, Fu Tongxian, Jin Jitang, Ma Yiyu and Qiu Shusen (all Hui people except Qiu), Chang was from the Hui ethnic group. Tan Ta Sen and Dru C. Gladney also identified him as Hui or Muslim.[3][4][2] Wen Yong-ning argued that Chang might not be Hui, based on Chang's family traditions and offspring and the status of the Semu in the Yuan dynasty.[5] In a later paper, Li Jianbiao mentioned that Wen's work was speculative and not convincing.[6]
^. Archived from the original on 2007-12-16. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
^ abGladney, Dru C. (1991). Muslim Chinese: ethnic nationalism in the People's Republic (2nd, illustrated, reprint ed.). Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University. p. 198. ISBN0-674-59495-9. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
^Tan Ta Sen; Chen, Dasheng (2009). Cheng Ho and Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 170. ISBN978-981-230-837-5. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
^Jonathan Lipman, Familiar Strangers, a history of Muslims in Northwest China, 39
^Wen, Yong-ning (2009). "On Chang Yu-chun's Religious Belief and Forebears". Tangdu Journal. 25 (3).
^Jian-biao, Li (2001). "CHANG Ya-chun's Belief and Ethnicity——Discussion with Mr.WEN Yong-ning". Tangdu Journal. 27 (2): 86–91.
February 09, 2023
chang, yuchun, this, chinese, name, family, name, chang, 1330, august, 1369, courtesy, name, boren, name, yanheng, chinese, military, general, ming, dynasty, follower, yuanzhang, founding, emperor, ming, dynasty, contributed, heavily, establishment, ming, empi. In this Chinese name the family name is Chang Chang Yuchun 1330 9 August 1369 courtesy name Boren and art name Yanheng was a Chinese military general of the Ming dynasty He was a follower of Zhu Yuanzhang the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty and contributed heavily to the establishment of the Ming Empire He was famous for his bravery and formidable prowess in battle which earned him the nickname of Chang Hundred Thousand 常十万 because he alone was said to be as effective as a force of 100 000 troops 1 Chang YuchunA Qing dynasty illustration of Chang Yuchun in the Wanxiaotang Huachuan by Shangguan ZhouBorn1330Zhishun 1 至順元年 Huaiyuan County Hao Prefecture Anfeng Lu Henan Jiangbei ProvinceDied9 August 1369 1369 08 09 aged 38 39 Hongwu 2 7th day of the 7th month 洪武二年七月七日 Liu hechuanOccupationGeneralChildrenChang MaoChang ShengChang SenChinese nameChinese常遇春TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinChang YuchunCourtesy nameChinese伯仁TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinBorenArt nameChinese燕衡TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinYanheng Contents 1 Biography 2 In fiction 3 Martial arts 4 Discourse on Chang Yuchun s religion and ethnicity 5 See also 6 Notes 7 ReferencesBiography Edit Tomb guardian at the tomb of Chang Yuchun Chang was born in Huaiyuan County Anhui he was described as a stalwart man with imposing look and great strength Chang joined the Red Turban Rebellion in 1355 to overthrow the Mongol ruled Yuan dynasty in China In the sixth month note 1 of that year he followed Zhu Yuanzhang on a battle with the Yuan army that took place at Caishi near present day southern Ma anshan eastern bank of the Yangtze River The rebel forces emerged victorious in that battle and Chang became famous He was subsequently promoted to the rank of yuanshuai equivalent of marshal Chang participated in major battles against Zhu Yuanzhang s rivals Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng helped Zhu eliminate them and secure his rule over China and laid the foundation for the Ming dynasty He was granted the title Duke of E 鄂國公 by Zhu in 1366 In 1367 Chang followed Xu Da on a military campaign north and conquered the Yuan capital Khanbaliq in the following year thereby ending Mongol rule in China In 1369 Chang died of illness on the return journey to Nanjing in the east of present day Xuanhua County Hebei When Zhu Yuanzhang heard of Chang s death he wrote a poem mourning Chang and posthumously granted Chang the title Prince of Kaiping 開平王 and the posthumous name Zhongwu 忠武 Chang Yuchun had three sons Chang Mao 常茂 Chang Sheng 常升 and Chang Sen 常森 In fiction EditSee also List of The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber characters Chang appears as a minor character in Louis Cha s wuxia novel The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber In the novel he is a member of the Ming Cult a rebel movement seeking to overthrow the Yuan dynasty He is wounded in a fight with some Yuan soldiers but is saved by Zhang Sanfeng He agrees to bring Zhang Wuji the protagonist with him to Butterfly Valley to seek treatment from the eccentric physician Hu Qingniu Several years later Chang becomes Zhang Wuji s subordinate after Zhang becomes the cult s leader for his heroics in saving the cult from destruction He participates in various battles against Yuan forces and eventually helps Zhu Yuanzhang establish the Ming dynasty Martial arts EditChang Yuchun is said to be the creator of the martial art Kaiping spear method 2 Discourse on Chang Yuchun s religion and ethnicity EditChang s religion and ethnic background is a controversial issue in Chinese historian circles According to Bai Shouyi Fu Tongxian Jin Jitang Ma Yiyu and Qiu Shusen all Hui people except Qiu Chang was from the Hui ethnic group Tan Ta Sen and Dru C Gladney also identified him as Hui or Muslim 3 4 2 Wen Yong ning argued that Chang might not be Hui based on Chang s family traditions and offspring and the status of the Semu in the Yuan dynasty 5 In a later paper Li Jianbiao mentioned that Wen s work was speculative and not convincing 6 See also EditTomb of Chang YuchunNotes Edit based on the lunisolar Chinese calendarReferences Edit 中国明朝开国名将 常遇春 图 中华网 中华军事 Archived from the original on 2007 12 16 Retrieved 2008 04 01 a b Gladney Dru C 1991 Muslim Chinese ethnic nationalism in the People s Republic 2nd illustrated reprint ed Council on East Asian Studies Harvard University p 198 ISBN 0 674 59495 9 Retrieved 2010 06 28 Tan Ta Sen Chen Dasheng 2009 Cheng Ho and Islam in Southeast Asia Institute of Southeast Asian Studies p 170 ISBN 978 981 230 837 5 Retrieved 2010 06 28 Jonathan Lipman Familiar Strangers a history of Muslims in Northwest China 39 Wen Yong ning 2009 On Chang Yu chun s Religious Belief and Forebears Tangdu Journal 25 3 Jian biao Li 2001 CHANG Ya chun s Belief and Ethnicity Discussion with Mr WEN Yong ning Tangdu Journal 27 2 86 91 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chang Yuchun amp oldid 1132071462, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
