According to the 2018 census, Castellón has a population of 174,264 inhabitants (called castellonensesin Spanish and castellonencs in Valencian), ranking as the fourth most populated city in the Valencian Community (after Valencia, Alicante and Elche). The Prime Meridian, or Greenwich Meridian, intersects the 40th parallel at Castellón de la Plana and is commemorated with a monolith in Meridian Park (Parc del Meridià) located at the exact point where this occurs.
The town inherited the name from a Moorish castle on the top of the hill of Magdalena (the Castle of Fadrell [es]), a ḥiṣn [es] dominating over a demarcation roughly consisting of the current-day municipalities of Castellón and Almassora.[3] The area capitulated to James I of Aragon in 1233.[4] This was followed by a series of attempts to create new settlements in the area starting with the alqueria of Benimahomet, the first Christian project to leave the castle, with mixed results.[4] Following the 1247 mudéjar revolt, James I decreed the expulsion of the mudéjares from the area in 1248.[5] The current settlement was however not founded until the 1250s, after James I, on 8 September 1251, granted Ximén Pérez d'Arenós a privilege authorising him to move from the castle to a new unspecified place in the plains (plana).[6] Tradition claims that the move was completed by the third Sunday of Lent, 1252.
During the Middle Ages, the city was protected by moats, walls and towers, and a church was built, later becoming a cathedral.
In the 19th century, the city walls were torn down and it slowly began to expand, a process interrupted by the War of Independence against Napoleon (1804–14) and the Carlist Wars (1833–63). In 1833 Castelló became the capital of the newly constituted province. In the second half of the 19th century, the city again began to expand, marked by the arrival of the railway, the enlargement of the port and the construction of representative buildings (Provincial Hospital, Casino, Theater) and parks.
In 1991 a university (Jaume I University) was established, set upon a modern campus. The local economy is based on industry, tourism and craft-work.
Geography and Climateedit
Coat of arms of Castellón de la Plana.
Castellón de la Plana has a Semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk)[7] with mild winters and hot, dry summers. Autumn is the wettest season and the average sunshine hours are around 2,800 per year.
Climate data for Castellón de la Plana, Almazora 43m (1981–2010), extremes (1940–)
Most of the historical buildings are located in the diminutive old town, around the Plaça Major (Main Square). These include:
The Concatedral de Santa Maria (co-cathedral of Saint Mary), built in a Gothic-style in the 13th century and reconstructed one century later after destruction by fire. The present building is another reconstruction after the demolition ordered by the council during the Spanish civil war (1936).[9]
The Ajuntament (City Hall), erected at the beginning of the 18th century. It features a Tuscan-style façade rising up over a colonnade.
Planetari de CastellóThe free-standing bell-tower of the procathedral, known as El Fadrí (the single man), built in the 15th century.
The Llotja del Cànem (Hemp Exchange Market), built during the first half of the 17th century to be used by traders in hempen cloth and ropes, a very important activity in the area at the time. Today the building is used by the University for cultural events and temporary exhibitions.
On the northeast edge of the town, at the end of a broad avenue decorated with orange trees, stands the Basílica of Santa Maria del Lledó (European Hackberry or Celtis australis), a basilica devoted to an image of the Virgin Mary found in 1366 by a farmer when he was ploughing his lands. The original 14th-century chapel was extended to its present Baroque form during the 16th century.
Espai d'Art Contemporani de Castelló, Museum for Modern Art
Teatre Principal
Eventsedit
The annual festivities in Castellón are a week of celebrations three weeks before Easter every year called La Magdalena. People come from all over the province and many international bands and groups participate.
The city is famous for its music festivals, among which we find: early in February the Tanned Tin music festival for alternative music and experimental music, in July the Festival Internacional de Benicàssim (also known as FIB, which translates to Benicàssim's International Festival), at the beginning of August there is the Arenal Sound and during the middle of that same month, we can find the Rototom Sunsplash Festival, known for its reggae music.
Sportsedit
The city has the professional basketball team AB Castelló, which plays in LEB Oro, Spanish second basketball division.
The local professional football club is CD Castellón, which currently plays in the Primera RFEF (Spanish third division). It holds home games at Nou Estadi Castàlia, which has a capacity of 15,500 seats. Despite its stadium and social support, the club financial problems and unstable history brought it to play in semi-pro and amateur regional divisions, not playing in La Liga since the 1990–91 season. On 21 March 2018, Castellón beat the record of seasonal tickets in the fourth-tier division with 12,701, and is considered a giant amongst minnows.[10] The presence of Villarreal CF in the adjacent town (only 8 km away) has created a fierce rivalry for geographical reasons, especially due to the success of Villarreal in the last decades.
The city is host to futsal club CFS Bisontes Castellón, which under the name Playas de Castellón was one of the best Spanish and European futsal clubs in the late 90s and early 2000s, having won the premier professional futsal league in Spain twice in 2000 and 2001, and the UEFA Futsal Cup three consecutive times in 2001, 2002 and 2003.
Educationedit
Ajuntament de Castelló de la Plana
Jaume I University was founded in 1991, and in 2014 there were approximately 15,000 students enrolled who share a single campus.
The small Castellón Airport offers charter and general aviation services, as well as scheduled passenger services to London, Bucharest and Poznań. The new Castellón-Costa Azahar Airport is designed to support large international jet flights and was completed in 2011. It has become a symbol of the wasteful spending prior to the 2008–13 Spanish financial crisis. Valencia Airport is about 70 km (43 mi) south whilst Alicante Airport is another 185 km (115 mi) further down the coast.
Nowadays, the city has a new public transport called TRAM of Castellón which is a trolleybus. There is just one line, Línia 1 (TRAM of Castellón), but authorities are planning to build a second line.
^Decret 40/2019, de 22 de març, del Consell, d'aprovació del canvi de denominació del municipi de Castelló de la Plana/Castellón de la Plana per la forma exclusiva en valencià Castelló de la Plana Generalitat Valenciana
^"Climate Summary for Castellón de la Plana". weatherbase.com. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
^"Valores climatológicos normales. Castellón de la Plana, Almazora".
^[1].Obras religiosas destruidas durante la guerra civil (spanish)
^"El CD Castellón hace historia al superar el récord de abonados en Tercera División" (in Spanish). 21 March 2018. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
Bibliography
Rabassa Vaquer, Carles (2008). "El rei en Jaume I i el orígens de Castelló" (PDF). Plaça Major: Revista de Cultura i de Festa: 9–11. ISSN 1695-5471.
External linksedit
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Castellón.
Castellón: A virtual trip
Castellón de la Plana at Google Maps
University James I of Castellón de la Plana
News of Castellón. Noticias de Castellón
News of CD Castellón.Soccer team. Noticias del CD Castellón
News of Club Rugby Castellón.
Festival music Arenal Sound
Meridian park
December 02, 2023
castellón, plana, officially, valencian, castelló, plana, simply, castellón, valencian, castelló, capital, city, province, castellón, valencian, community, spain, located, east, iberian, peninsula, costa, azahar, mediterranean, mountain, range, known, desert, . Castellon de la Plana a officially 2 in Valencian Castello de la Plana b or simply Castellon Valencian Castello is the capital city of the province of Castellon in the Valencian Community Spain It is located in the east of the Iberian Peninsula on the Costa del Azahar by the Mediterranean Sea The mountain range known as Desert de les Palmes rises inland north of the town Castellon de la Plana Castellon de la Plana Spanish Castello de la Plana Valencian MunicipalityPlaza de la independenciaPlaza MayorCo cathedralAuditoriumModernist kioskFlagCoat of armsLocation of Castellon de la PlanaCastellon de la PlanaShow map of Valencian CommunityCastellon de la PlanaShow map of SpainCoordinates 39 58 59 N 0 1 59 W 39 98306 N 0 03306 W 39 98306 0 03306Country SpainAutonomous community Valencian CommunityProvinceCastellonComarcaPlana AltaJudicial districtCastellon de la PlanaGovernment AlcaldesaBegona Carrasco 2023 PP Area Total108 78 km2 42 00 sq mi Elevation30 m 100 ft Highest elevation609 m 1 998 ft Lowest elevation0 m 0 ft Population 2022 1 Total171 857 Density1 600 km2 4 100 sq mi Demonyms castellonenc ca va castellonense es Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code12001 06Dialing code964Official language s Valencian SpanishClimateBSkWebsiteOfficial websitePlaca Major According to the 2018 census Castellon has a population of 174 264 inhabitants called castellonensesin Spanish and castellonencs in Valencian ranking as the fourth most populated city in the Valencian Community after Valencia Alicante and Elche The Prime Meridian or Greenwich Meridian intersects the 40th parallel at Castellon de la Plana and is commemorated with a monolith in Meridian Park Parc del Meridia located at the exact point where this occurs Contents 1 History 2 Geography and Climate 3 Main sights 4 Events 5 Sports 6 Education 7 Twin towns 8 Notable people 9 Transport 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 13 External linksHistory editThe town inherited the name from a Moorish castle on the top of the hill of Magdalena the Castle of Fadrell es a ḥiṣn es dominating over a demarcation roughly consisting of the current day municipalities of Castellon and Almassora 3 The area capitulated to James I of Aragon in 1233 4 This was followed by a series of attempts to create new settlements in the area starting with the alqueria of Benimahomet the first Christian project to leave the castle with mixed results 4 Following the 1247 mudejar revolt James I decreed the expulsion of the mudejares from the area in 1248 5 The current settlement was however not founded until the 1250s after James I on 8 September 1251 granted Ximen Perez d Arenos a privilege authorising him to move from the castle to a new unspecified place in the plains plana 6 Tradition claims that the move was completed by the third Sunday of Lent 1252 During the Middle Ages the city was protected by moats walls and towers and a church was built later becoming a cathedral In the 16th century the town was one of the last strongholds in the Revolta de les Germanies local guilds It also supported Archduke Charles of Austria in the War of the Spanish Succession 1701 14 but was later taken by the troops of Philip d Anjou In the 19th century the city walls were torn down and it slowly began to expand a process interrupted by the War of Independence against Napoleon 1804 14 and the Carlist Wars 1833 63 In 1833 Castello became the capital of the newly constituted province In the second half of the 19th century the city again began to expand marked by the arrival of the railway the enlargement of the port and the construction of representative buildings Provincial Hospital Casino Theater and parks In 1991 a university Jaume I University was established set upon a modern campus The local economy is based on industry tourism and craft work Geography and Climate edit nbsp Coat of arms of Castellon de la Plana Castellon de la Plana has a Semi arid climate Koppen BSk 7 with mild winters and hot dry summers Autumn is the wettest season and the average sunshine hours are around 2 800 per year Climate data for Castellon de la Plana Almazora 43m 1981 2010 extremes 1940 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 28 0 82 4 28 8 83 8 30 2 86 4 30 6 87 1 35 0 95 0 37 4 99 3 40 6 105 1 39 4 102 9 36 0 96 8 33 4 92 1 29 0 84 2 25 4 77 7 40 6 105 1 Average high C F 15 3 59 5 16 2 61 2 18 5 65 3 20 5 68 9 23 4 74 1 27 3 81 1 30 0 86 0 30 3 86 5 27 6 81 7 23 5 74 3 18 8 65 8 15 8 60 4 22 3 72 1 Daily mean C F 10 6 51 1 11 3 52 3 13 4 56 1 15 4 59 7 18 5 65 3 22 5 72 5 25 3 77 5 25 6 78 1 22 9 73 2 19 0 66 2 14 3 57 7 11 4 52 5 17 5 63 5 Average low C F 5 8 42 4 6 4 43 5 8 3 46 9 10 3 50 5 13 6 56 5 17 6 63 7 20 6 69 1 20 9 69 6 18 1 64 6 14 4 57 9 9 8 49 6 7 0 44 6 12 7 54 9 Record low C F 4 4 24 1 2 2 28 0 0 4 32 7 2 8 37 0 5 2 41 4 10 2 50 4 12 0 53 6 12 2 54 0 9 8 49 6 5 4 41 7 1 8 28 8 0 6 30 9 4 4 24 1 Average precipitation mm inches 36 1 4 31 1 2 31 1 2 42 1 7 44 1 7 19 0 7 9 0 4 24 0 9 71 2 8 70 2 8 49 1 9 42 1 7 467 18 4 Average precipitation days 1 mm 4 4 3 5 5 3 1 2 5 5 4 4 46Average relative humidity 67 66 64 63 63 63 64 66 68 69 68 68 66Mean monthly sunshine hours 180 179 209 235 272 296 329 290 229 203 173 164 2 755Source Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia 8 Main sights editMost of the historical buildings are located in the diminutive old town around the Placa Major Main Square These include The Concatedral de Santa Maria co cathedral of Saint Mary built in a Gothic style in the 13th century and reconstructed one century later after destruction by fire The present building is another reconstruction after the demolition ordered by the council during the Spanish civil war 1936 9 The Ajuntament City Hall erected at the beginning of the 18th century It features a Tuscan style facade rising up over a colonnade nbsp Planetari de CastelloThe free standing bell tower of the procathedral known as El Fadri the single man built in the 15th century The Llotja del Canem Hemp Exchange Market built during the first half of the 17th century to be used by traders in hempen cloth and ropes a very important activity in the area at the time Today the building is used by the University for cultural events and temporary exhibitions On the northeast edge of the town at the end of a broad avenue decorated with orange trees stands the Basilica of Santa Maria del Lledo European Hackberry or Celtis australis a basilica devoted to an image of the Virgin Mary found in 1366 by a farmer when he was ploughing his lands The original 14th century chapel was extended to its present Baroque form during the 16th century Espai d Art Contemporani de Castello Museum for Modern Art Teatre PrincipalEvents editThe annual festivities in Castellon are a week of celebrations three weeks before Easter every year called La Magdalena People come from all over the province and many international bands and groups participate The city is famous for its music festivals among which we find early in February the Tanned Tin music festival for alternative music and experimental music in July the Festival Internacional de Benicassim also known as FIB which translates to Benicassim s International Festival at the beginning of August there is the Arenal Sound and during the middle of that same month we can find the Rototom Sunsplash Festival known for its reggae music Sports editThe city has the professional basketball team AB Castello which plays in LEB Oro Spanish second basketball division The local professional football club is CD Castellon which currently plays in the Primera RFEF Spanish third division It holds home games at Nou Estadi Castalia which has a capacity of 15 500 seats Despite its stadium and social support the club financial problems and unstable history brought it to play in semi pro and amateur regional divisions not playing in La Liga since the 1990 91 season On 21 March 2018 Castellon beat the record of seasonal tickets in the fourth tier division with 12 701 and is considered a giant amongst minnows 10 The presence of Villarreal CF in the adjacent town only 8 km away has created a fierce rivalry for geographical reasons especially due to the success of Villarreal in the last decades The city is host to futsal club CFS Bisontes Castellon which under the name Playas de Castellon was one of the best Spanish and European futsal clubs in the late 90s and early 2000s having won the premier professional futsal league in Spain twice in 2000 and 2001 and the UEFA Futsal Cup three consecutive times in 2001 2002 and 2003 Education edit nbsp Ajuntament de Castello de la PlanaJaume I University was founded in 1991 and in 2014 there were approximately 15 000 students enrolled who share a single campus Twin towns edit nbsp Chatellerault France nbsp Targoviște Romania nbsp Ube Japan nbsp Lleida SpainNotable people editPierre Mechain born 1744 mathematician and astronomer Sergio Aragones born 1937 comics cartoonist Jose Luis Ballester born 1969 Olympic butterfly swimmer Joan Barreda Bort born 1983 Rally raid motorcyclist Roberto Bautista Agut born 1988 professional tennis player Maria Egual 1655 1735 poet and dramatist Pablo Fornals born 1996 professional footballer for West Ham United Sergio Garcia born 1980 professional golfer Pablo Hernandez Dominguez born 1985 footballer formerly with Valencia CF Roberto Merhi born 1991 racing driver Jose Manuel Perez Aicart born 1982 racing driver Felix Porteiro born 1983 racing driver Matilde Salvador 1918 2007 musician composer and painter artist Miguel Angel Silvestre born 1982 actor Xavi Valero born 1973 professional football goalkeeping coach nbsp Teatre Principal Castello de la Plana Transport edit nbsp Castellon Costa Azahar AirportThe small Castellon Airport offers charter and general aviation services as well as scheduled passenger services to London Bucharest and Poznan The new Castellon Costa Azahar Airport is designed to support large international jet flights and was completed in 2011 It has become a symbol of the wasteful spending prior to the 2008 13 Spanish financial crisis Valencia Airport is about 70 km 43 mi south whilst Alicante Airport is another 185 km 115 mi further down the coast The city is served by the Castellon de la Plana railway station The Euromed railway line links Alicante to Barcelona nbsp Castellon Costa Azahar AirportNowadays the city has a new public transport called TRAM of Castellon which is a trolleybus There is just one line Linia 1 TRAM of Castellon but authorities are planning to build a second line See also editDiocese of Segorbe Castellon Columbretes IslandsNotes edit Spanish kasteˈʎon de la ˈplana Valencian kasteˈʎo de la ˈplana References editCitations Municipal Register of Spain 2018 National Statistics Institute Decret 40 2019 de 22 de marc del Consell d aprovacio del canvi de denominacio del municipi de Castello de la Plana Castellon de la Plana per la forma exclusiva en valencia Castello de la Plana Generalitat Valenciana Rabassa Vaquer 2008 p 9 a b Rabassa Vaquer 2008 p 10 Rabassa Vaquer 2008 p 11 Rabassa Vaquer 2008 pp 10 11 Climate Summary for Castellon de la Plana weatherbase com Retrieved 19 November 2015 Valores climatologicos normales Castellon de la Plana Almazora 1 Obras religiosas destruidas durante la guerra civil spanish El CD Castellon hace historia al superar el record de abonados en Tercera Division in Spanish 21 March 2018 Retrieved 21 March 2018 BibliographyRabassa Vaquer Carles 2008 El rei en Jaume I i el origens de Castello PDF Placa Major Revista de Cultura i de Festa 9 11 ISSN 1695 5471 External links edit nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Castellon Castellon A virtual trip Castellon de la Plana at Google Maps University James I of Castellon de la Plana News of Castellon Noticias de Castellon News of CD Castellon Soccer team Noticias del CD Castellon News of Club Rugby Castellon Festival music Arenal Sound Meridian park Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Castellon de la Plana amp oldid 1186823089, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
