This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "Carlos Antonio López" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(February 2012)
López was born at Manorá (Asunción) on November 4, 1792, as one of eight children.[1] He graduated from Real Colegio y Seminario de San Carlos and then began a law practice, a profession which allowed him to develop influential connections.[2] He attracted the hostility of the dictatorJosé Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, his reputed uncle,[3] which caused him to go into hiding for several years.[4]
Political careeredit
Carlos Antonio López and his wife, Juana Pabla Carrillo
López was briefly secretary of the military junta led by Colonel Mariano Roque Alonso that ruled the country from 1840 to 1841, after the death of Francia. On March 12, 1841, Congress chose López and Roque to be joint consuls for three years.[2] In 1844, he exiled Roque and assumed dictatorial powers. A few months later, Congress adopted a new constitution, which changed the head of state's title from consul to president and elected López to the new post for a 10-year term.[1] The constitution vested López with powers almost as sweeping as those Francia had held for most of his 26-year rule, effectively codifying the dictatorial powers he had seized just months earlier. The document included no guarantees of civil rights; indeed, the word "liberty" was not even in the text.
He was re-elected for a three-year term in 1854 and again in 1857 for ten more years, with the power to nominate his own successor.[4][2]
His government was directed towards developing Paraguay's primary resource extraction and strengthening Paraguay's armed forces. He contracted numerous foreign technicians, most of whom were British, and built up the formidable Fortress of Humaitá.[5]
Before the constitution adopted in 1844 that legitimized López’s presidency, Paraguay had no official document of sovereignty; López’s influence led to the recognition of Paraguay as an independent nation.[1] However, his approach to foreign affairs several times involved him in diplomatic disputes with the Empire of Brazil, the United States, and the British Empire, which nearly resulted in war.[4]
His government was somewhat more tolerant of opposition than Francia's had been. He released all political prisoners soon after he took full power and also took measures to abolish slavery.[6]
During his presidency, Paraguay’s economy saw unprecedented growth. He signed commercial treaties with Brazil in 1850, with Great Britain, France and the United States in 1853, and with and Argentina in 1856. His government worked to improve infrastructure and transportation within the country through the establishment of a new railroad line and steamship river routes. López also encouraged public education through the expansion of primary schools and the reopening of the seminary he attended as a young man, which increased literacy throughout the country.[1][2]
^ abcd"Carlos Antonio López". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Gale. 2004. pp. 506–507.
^ abcdeReber, Vera Blinn (2008). "López, Carlos Antonio (1792–1862)". In Kinsbruner, Jay; Langer, Erick D. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 254–255.
^Bannon, John Francis; Dunne, Peter Masten (1950). Latin America, an Historical Survey. Science and culture texts (2 ed.). Bruce Publishing Company. p. 587. Retrieved 2016-02-25 – via Google Books. [...] a wealthy creole landowner and reputed nephew of Francia, [...] Carlos Antonio Lopez.
^Cooney, Jerry W. (1997). "Paraguay". In Rodriguez, Junius P. (ed.). The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery. Vol. 2. ABC-CLIO. p. 492. ISBN9780874368857. Retrieved 2016-02-25 – via Google Books. The rise to power of López after Francia's death in 1840 brought a cautious, gradualist approach to the abolition of Paraguayan slavery. The government decreed a Law of Free Womb in 1842, which freed children born to slaves.
Sourcesedit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lopez, Carlos Antonio". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 990.
Plá, Josefina (1976). The British in Paraguay 1850–1870. The Richmond Publishing Co in association with St Antony's College, Oxford.
Williams, John Hoyt (1977). "Foreign Tecnicos and the Modernization of Paraguay". Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs. Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Miam: 233–257. doi:10.2307/174705. JSTOR 174705. (subscription required)
Bealer, Lewis (1937). "Carlos Antonio Lopez, Organizer and Dictator of the Paraguayan Republic". In Wilgus, Alva (ed.). South American Dictators During the First Century of Independence. George Washington University Press. pp. 136–153. ISBN9780846203391.
Burton, Richard (1870). Letters from the Battlefields of Paraguay. Tinsley Brothers.
carlos, antonio, lópez, other, people, also, named, antonio, lopez, antonio, lopez, disambiguation, this, spanish, name, first, paternal, surname, lópez, second, maternal, family, name, ynsfrán, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, . For other people also named Antonio Lopez see Antonio Lopez disambiguation In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Lopez and the second or maternal family name is Ynsfran This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Carlos Antonio Lopez news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2012 This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations February 2012 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message Carlos Antonio Lopez Ynsfran November 4 1792 September 10 1862 was leader of Paraguay from 1841 to 1862 Carlos Antonio Lopez1st President of ParaguayIn office March 13 1844 September 10 1862Vice PresidentMariano Gonzalez 1845 1846 Francisco Solano Lopez 1862 Preceded byhimself as ConsulSucceeded byFrancisco Solano LopezConsul of ParaguayIn office March 12 1841 March 13 1844Preceded byMariano Roque AlonsoSucceeded byhimself as PresidentPersonal detailsBornNovember 4 1792Asuncion Paraguay Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata Spanish EmpireDiedSeptember 10 1862 1862 09 10 aged 69 Asuncion ParaguayPolitical partyNoneSpouseJuana Pabla CarrilloChildrenFranciscoVenancioBenignoRafaelaInocencia Contents 1 Early life 2 Political career 3 See also 4 References 5 SourcesEarly life editLopez was born at Manora Asuncion on November 4 1792 as one of eight children 1 He graduated from Real Colegio y Seminario de San Carlos and then began a law practice a profession which allowed him to develop influential connections 2 He attracted the hostility of the dictator Jose Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia his reputed uncle 3 which caused him to go into hiding for several years 4 Political career edit nbsp Carlos Antonio Lopez and his wife Juana Pabla Carrillo Lopez was briefly secretary of the military junta led by Colonel Mariano Roque Alonso that ruled the country from 1840 to 1841 after the death of Francia On March 12 1841 Congress chose Lopez and Roque to be joint consuls for three years 2 In 1844 he exiled Roque and assumed dictatorial powers A few months later Congress adopted a new constitution which changed the head of state s title from consul to president and elected Lopez to the new post for a 10 year term 1 The constitution vested Lopez with powers almost as sweeping as those Francia had held for most of his 26 year rule effectively codifying the dictatorial powers he had seized just months earlier The document included no guarantees of civil rights indeed the word liberty was not even in the text He was re elected for a three year term in 1854 and again in 1857 for ten more years with the power to nominate his own successor 4 2 His government was directed towards developing Paraguay s primary resource extraction and strengthening Paraguay s armed forces He contracted numerous foreign technicians most of whom were British and built up the formidable Fortress of Humaita 5 Before the constitution adopted in 1844 that legitimized Lopez s presidency Paraguay had no official document of sovereignty Lopez s influence led to the recognition of Paraguay as an independent nation 1 However his approach to foreign affairs several times involved him in diplomatic disputes with the Empire of Brazil the United States and the British Empire which nearly resulted in war 4 Main article Paraguay expedition His government was somewhat more tolerant of opposition than Francia s had been He released all political prisoners soon after he took full power and also took measures to abolish slavery 6 During his presidency Paraguay s economy saw unprecedented growth He signed commercial treaties with Brazil in 1850 with Great Britain France and the United States in 1853 and with and Argentina in 1856 His government worked to improve infrastructure and transportation within the country through the establishment of a new railroad line and steamship river routes Lopez also encouraged public education through the expansion of primary schools and the reopening of the seminary he attended as a young man which increased literacy throughout the country 1 2 His eldest son Francisco Solano Lopez 1827 1870 succeeded him as president after his death 2 A barrio of Asuncion is named after him See also editHistory of Paraguay List of presidents of ParaguayReferences edit a b c d Carlos Antonio Lopez Encyclopedia of World Biography Vol 9 2nd ed Gale 2004 pp 506 507 a b c d e Reber Vera Blinn 2008 Lopez Carlos Antonio 1792 1862 In Kinsbruner Jay Langer Erick D eds Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture Vol 4 2nd ed Charles Scribner s Sons pp 254 255 Bannon John Francis Dunne Peter Masten 1950 Latin America an Historical Survey Science and culture texts 2 ed Bruce Publishing Company p 587 Retrieved 2016 02 25 via Google Books a wealthy creole landowner and reputed nephew of Francia Carlos Antonio Lopez a b c Chisholm 1911 Pla Williams Cooney Jerry W 1997 Paraguay In Rodriguez Junius P ed The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery Vol 2 ABC CLIO p 492 ISBN 9780874368857 Retrieved 2016 02 25 via Google Books The rise to power of Lopez after Francia s death in 1840 brought a cautious gradualist approach to the abolition of Paraguayan slavery The government decreed a Law of Free Womb in 1842 which freed children born to slaves Sources edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Lopez Carlos Antonio Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 16 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 990 Pla Josefina 1976 The British in Paraguay 1850 1870 The Richmond Publishing Co in association with St Antony s College Oxford Williams John Hoyt 1977 Foreign Tecnicos and the Modernization of Paraguay Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Miam 233 257 doi 10 2307 174705 JSTOR 174705 subscription required Bealer Lewis 1937 Carlos Antonio Lopez Organizer and Dictator of the Paraguayan Republic In Wilgus Alva ed South American Dictators During the First Century of Independence George Washington University Press pp 136 153 ISBN 9780846203391 Burton Richard 1870 Letters from the Battlefields of Paraguay Tinsley Brothers Gelly Andres 1926 El Paraguay de Indias Political offices Preceded byMariano Roque Alonso Consul of Paraguay1841 1844 Succeeded byhimself as President Preceded byhimself as Consul President of Paraguay1844 1862 Succeeded byFrancisco Solano Lopez Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carlos Antonio Lopez amp oldid 1222081257, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
