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Canadian Car and Foundry

January 07, 2023

Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F), also variously known as "Canadian Car & Foundry" or more familiarly as "Can Car", was a manufacturer of buses, railway rolling stock, forestry equipment, and later aircraft for the Canadian market. CC&F history goes back to 1897, but the main company was established in 1909 from an amalgamation of several companies and later became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada through the purchase by A.V. Roe Canada in 1957. Today the remaining factories are part of Alstom after its acquisition of Bombardier Transportation completed in 2021. [1]

Canadian Car And Foundry
Preserved 1954 CCF-Brill trolley bus on the Edmonton trolley bus system.
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryRail transport
Founded1826; 197 years ago (1826)
SuccessorBombardier Transportation
HeadquartersMontreal, Quebec, Canada
Area served
Worldwide
ProductsLocomotives
High-speed trains
Intercity and commuter trains
Trams
People movers
Signalling systems

History

 
Portable power plant built by Canadian Car and Foundry[2]

Canadian Car & Foundry (CC&F) was established in 1909 in Montreal as the result of an amalgamation of three companies:

In 1911 the CC&F Board of Directors recognized that the company could improve its efficiency if they were able to produce their own steel castings, a component that was becoming common to all their products. They purchased Montreal Steel Works Limited at Longue-Pointe, the largest producer of steel castings in Canada, and the Ontario Iron & Steel Company, Ltd. at Welland, ON, which included both a steel foundry and a rolling mill.

Buses and Forestry Equipment were produced at Fort William, Ontario and railcars in Montreal and Amherst. Streetcars were manufactured between 1897 and 1913, however the company focused exclusively on rebuilding existing streetcars after 1913.

A few years later, CC&F acquired the assets of Pratt & Letchworth, a Brantford, ON, rail car manufacturer. In the latter part of World War I, the expanding company opened a new plant in Fort William (now Thunder Bay) to manufacture rail cars and ships which included the French minesweepers Inkerman and Cerisoles which were both lost in Lake Superior; the Amherst plant started by Rhodes & Curry in Amherst was closed in 1931. In an attempt to enter the aviation market, CC&F produced a small series of Grumman G.23 Goblin aircraft under licence and developed an unsuccessful, indigenous-designed fighter biplane, the Gregor FDB-1.

Canada Car Company

Canada Car Company was a railcar manufacturer based in Turcot, Quebec (a suburb of Montreal), which later merged with several other companies to form Canadian Car and Foundry in 1909.[3] Canada Car Company was incorporated January 1905 with W.P. Coleman as president and Sir Hugh Allan as vice-president. The company's plant began operations in 1905 and manufactured freight and passenger cars.

Clients included:

Their products were:

  • wood freight and passenger cars
  • box cars
  • streetcars
  • flat cars
  • parlor cafe cars
  • dining cars

First World War

 
Minesweepers for France
Main article: Kingsland explosion

During World War I, CC&F had signed large contracts with Russia and Britain for delivery of ammunition. An enormous factory was constructed in the Kingsland to assemble, package, and prepare artillery shells for shipment to foreign ports. No shells were manufactured there. On 11 January 1917, a fire started in one of the buildings. In four hours, the fire spread to the approximately 500,000 pieces of 76.2 mm (3 inch) -high explosive shells stored there, causing several explosions, destroying the entire plant. The explosion launched artillery shells and building debris across the area, destroying several homes and businesses in the nearby town of Lyndhurst, and was visible from New York City. The total loss, including the ordnance, was estimated at $16,750,000 (equivalent to $360 million in 2021).[4][5][6]

Canadian Car and Foundry had a contract to build twelve minesweepers for the French Navy.[7][8] The vessels were completed in October and November 1918—before the war ended, but too late to see operational service. Two of the vessels, the Inkerman and Cerisoles, were lost in a November gale, on Lake Superior, on their maiden voyage. Other vessels were sold into civilian service.

Second World War

 
CC&F Hawker Hurricane X on a test flight over Fort William, Ontario
 
CC&F-built Harvard Mk.4

By 1939, with war on the horizon, Canadian Car & Foundry and its Chief Engineer, Elsie MacGill, were contracted by the Royal Air Force to produce the Hawker Hurricane (Marks X, XI and XII). Refinements introduced by MacGill on the Hurricane included skis and de-icing gear. When the production of the Hurricane was complete in 1943, CC&F's workforce of 4,500 (half of them women) had built over 1,400 aircraft, about 10% of all Hurricanes built.[9][10]

Following the success of the Hurricane contract, CC&F sought out and received a production order for the Curtiss SB2C Helldiver. Eventually, 834 Helldivers were produced by CC&F in various versions from SBW-1, SBW-1B, SBW-3,SBW-4E and SBW-5. Some of the Curtiss divebombers were sent directly to the Royal Navy under Lend-Lease arrangements. CC&F also built the North American Harvard under licence, many of the aircraft being supplied to European air forces to train post war military pilots.

In 1944, the Canadian Car & Foundry built a revolutionary new aircraft in its Montreal shops - the Burnelli CBY-3, also called the Loadmaster. There were two examples built of an aerofoil-fuselage design originally developed by Vincent J. Burnelli. The CBY-3 was never to enter full-scale production and was cancelled less than one year later.

The work of Canadian women building fighter and bomber aircraft at the plant during the Second World War is documented in the 1999 National Film Board of Canada documentary film Rosies of the North.[9]

Postwar developments

After the Second World War, the CC&F returned to its roots as a rail car manufacturer. They also made a successful leap into the streetcar business, supplying Montreal, Toronto, Regina, Calgary, Vancouver, Edmonton, and the Brazilian cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo with various types of streetcars. The company concluded a licensing agreement with ACF-Brill (the successor to J. G. Brill) in 1944 to manufacture and sell throughout Canada buses and trolley coaches of ACF-Brill design as Canadian Car-Brill, in later years often written "CCF-Brill", for short. CC&F built 1,114 trolley buses[11] and a few thousand buses under the name. Trolleybus production ended in 1954; Edmonton Transit System's No. 202, a 1954 CCF-Brill T48A, was the last Brill trolleybus built for any city.[12]

Production of the Brill diesel bus continued through the 1950s. In 1960, CC&F launched an entirely new TD bus design under the Canadian Car name to compete with the General Motors New Look model, but it was not successful and production was discontinued in 1962.

In 1957, wishing to diversify, the British Hawker Siddeley Group acquired CC&F through its Canadian subsidiary, A.V. Roe Canada Ltd. In 1962, A.V. Roe Canada was dissolved when the Avro Arrow program was suddenly terminated, and its assets became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada. During the 1970s they introduced the BiLevel Coach heavy railway passenger car, which would go on to great success.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s the plant built 190 Canadian Light Rail Vehicles, for the Toronto Transit Commission, to replace its aging PCC streetcars.[13]

CCF re-emerged as Can-Car Rail in 1983 as a joint division between Hawker Siddeley Canada and UTDC. The Can-Car Rail operations were based in Thunder Bay. Sold to SNC-Lavalin in 1986, a financial shakeup led to the firm being returned to the Government of Ontario, and then quickly re-sold to Bombardier Transportation. Through a series of further acquisitions, mergers and rationalisations, CC&F faded from the annals of significant Canadian manufacturers, although the company still exists today as the Alstom railcar facility in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

Products

Railway carriages

Buses, trolleys and streetcars

Aircraft

Other vehicles and equipment

  • Tanks for World War II[citation needed]
  • Bobcat (armoured personnel carrier) - 1 prototype built and project terminated; originally developed by Leyland (Canada) which was bought out by Canadian Car and Foundry (itself acquired by Avro Canada) and terminated under Hawker Siddeley Canada
  • TreeFarmer Forestry Heavy Equipment (under license from Garrett Enumclaw Co.)
  • Canada Diesel and Canada Diesel WT highway tractors.[14]

Customers

Preservation

Many CC&F-built buses have been preserved as historic vehicles, some in operating condition. For example, the Transit Museum Society, in Vancouver, has at least seven CC&F buses in its collection, including two CC&F-Brill trolleybuses.[15]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "A transformational step for Alstom: completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation". 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2022 – via Alstom. Press release from Alstom on the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation
  2. ^ . Saskrailmuseum.org. 11 September 2008. Archived from the original on 15 October 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2008.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on 20 May 2007.
  4. ^ "Kingsland N.J. Fire Loss is $16,750,000". The Sun. New York City. 13 January 1917. p. 4. Retrieved 12 January 2017 – via Library of Congress.
  5. ^ . Lyndhurst Historical Society. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  6. ^ "Kingsland and Haskell Disasters". Safety Engineering. 33 (1): 28–32. January 1917 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ Krueger, Andrew (20 August 2017). "99 years after two French minesweepers vanished in a Lake Superior storm, a new search aims to solve the mystery". Duluth News Tribune. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
  8. ^ Trunrud, Tory (16 October 2016). "Blueberry Boat made here". Chronicle Journal. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
  9. ^ a b Saxberg, Kelly (director) (1999). Rosies of the North. Retrieved 23 July 2012 – via National Film Board of Canada. Documentary film on the wartime role of women workers at Fort William.
  10. ^ Pigott, Peter (2002). Wings across Canada an illustrated history of Canadian aviation. Toronto, Ontario: Dundurn Press. p. 81. ISBN 9781554883790 – via Archive.org.
  11. ^ a b c Porter, Harry; Worris, Stanley F.X. (1979). Trolleybus Bulletin No. 109: Databook II. Louisville, Kentucky: North American Trackless Trolley Association (defunct). pp. 63–64.
  12. ^ Trolleybus Magazine. No. 283. National Trolleybus Association (UK). January–February 2009. p. 11. ISSN 0266-7452. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ^ Thompson, John (5 January 2018). "The car that saved Toronto's streetcars". Railway Age.
  14. ^ A.V. Roe Corporate Annual Report for the year ended July 31, 1957, page 15. Copy held by Rare Books and Special Collections Unit, McGill University Library
  15. ^ . Transit Museum Society. 2009. Archived from the original on 8 March 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2010.

Bibliography

  • "Canadian Car and Foundry". Avroland.
  • "Canadian Car and Foundry". my Canadian Transit information web site. 24 September 2001 – via Angelfire.
  • Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (February–May 1979). "A Grumman by Any Other Name...". Air Enthusiast. No. 9. pp. 26–39. ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Kemp, David (1991). "Can-Car — Canada's Largest". Air Enthusiast. No. 44. pp. 10–16. ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Martin, J.E. "On A Streak of Lightning". Electric Railways Cars in Canada. p. 99.[full citation needed]

External links

  • Transit Toronto All Canadian PCC
  • Canadian Car and Foundry Co. Collection McGill University Library & Archives.
  • Canadian Car & Foundry Co. Ltd. Corporate Reports – McGill University Library & Archives

January 07, 2023
canadian, foundry, also, variously, known, canadian, foundry, more, familiarly, manufacturer, buses, railway, rolling, stock, forestry, equipment, later, aircraft, canadian, market, history, goes, back, 1897, main, company, established, 1909, from, amalgamatio. Canadian Car and Foundry CC amp F also variously known as Canadian Car amp Foundry or more familiarly as Can Car was a manufacturer of buses railway rolling stock forestry equipment and later aircraft for the Canadian market CC amp F history goes back to 1897 but the main company was established in 1909 from an amalgamation of several companies and later became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada through the purchase by A V Roe Canada in 1957 Today the remaining factories are part of Alstom after its acquisition of Bombardier Transportation completed in 2021 1 Canadian Car And FoundryPreserved 1954 CCF Brill trolley bus on the Edmonton trolley bus system TypeSubsidiaryIndustryRail transportFounded1826 197 years ago 1826 SuccessorBombardier TransportationHeadquartersMontreal Quebec CanadaArea servedWorldwideProductsLocomotivesHigh speed trainsIntercity and commuter trainsTramsPeople moversSignalling systems Contents 1 History 1 1 Canada Car Company 1 2 First World War 1 3 Second World War 1 4 Postwar developments 2 Products 2 1 Railway carriages 2 2 Buses trolleys and streetcars 2 3 Aircraft 2 4 Other vehicles and equipment 3 Customers 4 Preservation 5 See also 6 Notes 6 1 Bibliography 7 External linksHistory Edit Portable power plant built by Canadian Car and Foundry 2 Canadian Car amp Foundry CC amp F was established in 1909 in Montreal as the result of an amalgamation of three companies Rhodes Curry Company of Amherst NS founded 1891 Canada Car Company of Turcot QC founded 1905 Dominion Car and Foundry of Montreal QCIn 1911 the CC amp F Board of Directors recognized that the company could improve its efficiency if they were able to produce their own steel castings a component that was becoming common to all their products They purchased Montreal Steel Works Limited at Longue Pointe the largest producer of steel castings in Canada and the Ontario Iron amp Steel Company Ltd at Welland ON which included both a steel foundry and a rolling mill Buses and Forestry Equipment were produced at Fort William Ontario and railcars in Montreal and Amherst Streetcars were manufactured between 1897 and 1913 however the company focused exclusively on rebuilding existing streetcars after 1913 A few years later CC amp F acquired the assets of Pratt amp Letchworth a Brantford ON rail car manufacturer In the latter part of World War I the expanding company opened a new plant in Fort William now Thunder Bay to manufacture rail cars and ships which included the French minesweepers Inkerman and Cerisoles which were both lost in Lake Superior the Amherst plant started by Rhodes amp Curry in Amherst was closed in 1931 In an attempt to enter the aviation market CC amp F produced a small series of Grumman G 23 Goblin aircraft under licence and developed an unsuccessful indigenous designed fighter biplane the Gregor FDB 1 Canada Car Company Edit Canada Car Company was a railcar manufacturer based in Turcot Quebec a suburb of Montreal which later merged with several other companies to form Canadian Car and Foundry in 1909 3 Canada Car Company was incorporated January 1905 with W P Coleman as president and Sir Hugh Allan as vice president The company s plant began operations in 1905 and manufactured freight and passenger cars Clients included Grand Trunk Railway and Grand Trunk Pacific Railway 12 000 freight cars and 250 passenger cars wood Quebec Montreal amp Southern 1 500 steel underframe box cars with Dominion Car and Foundry Montreal Street Railway 10 streetcars Hart Otis Car Company Hart convertible ballast cars Grand Trunk Railway 30 steel underframe flat cars Temiskaming amp Northern Ontario Railway three parlour cafe cars Canadian Northern Railway four wooden dining carsTheir products were wood freight and passenger cars box cars streetcars flat cars parlor cafe cars dining carsFirst World War Edit This article appears to contradict the article Kingsland explosion Please see discussion on the linked talk page Learn how and when to remove this template message Minesweepers for France Main article Kingsland explosion During World War I CC amp F had signed large contracts with Russia and Britain for delivery of ammunition An enormous factory was constructed in the Kingsland to assemble package and prepare artillery shells for shipment to foreign ports No shells were manufactured there On 11 January 1917 a fire started in one of the buildings In four hours the fire spread to the approximately 500 000 pieces of 76 2 mm 3 inch high explosive shells stored there causing several explosions destroying the entire plant The explosion launched artillery shells and building debris across the area destroying several homes and businesses in the nearby town of Lyndhurst and was visible from New York City The total loss including the ordnance was estimated at 16 750 000 equivalent to 360 million in 2021 4 5 6 Canadian Car and Foundry had a contract to build twelve minesweepers for the French Navy 7 8 The vessels were completed in October and November 1918 before the war ended but too late to see operational service Two of the vessels the Inkerman and Cerisoles were lost in a November gale on Lake Superior on their maiden voyage Other vessels were sold into civilian service Second World War Edit CC amp F Hawker Hurricane X on a test flight over Fort William Ontario CC amp F built Harvard Mk 4 By 1939 with war on the horizon Canadian Car amp Foundry and its Chief Engineer Elsie MacGill were contracted by the Royal Air Force to produce the Hawker Hurricane Marks X XI and XII Refinements introduced by MacGill on the Hurricane included skis and de icing gear When the production of the Hurricane was complete in 1943 CC amp F s workforce of 4 500 half of them women had built over 1 400 aircraft about 10 of all Hurricanes built 9 10 Following the success of the Hurricane contract CC amp F sought out and received a production order for the Curtiss SB2C Helldiver Eventually 834 Helldivers were produced by CC amp F in various versions from SBW 1 SBW 1B SBW 3 SBW 4E and SBW 5 Some of the Curtiss divebombers were sent directly to the Royal Navy under Lend Lease arrangements CC amp F also built the North American Harvard under licence many of the aircraft being supplied to European air forces to train post war military pilots In 1944 the Canadian Car amp Foundry built a revolutionary new aircraft in its Montreal shops the Burnelli CBY 3 also called the Loadmaster There were two examples built of an aerofoil fuselage design originally developed by Vincent J Burnelli The CBY 3 was never to enter full scale production and was cancelled less than one year later The work of Canadian women building fighter and bomber aircraft at the plant during the Second World War is documented in the 1999 National Film Board of Canada documentary film Rosies of the North 9 Postwar developments Edit After the Second World War the CC amp F returned to its roots as a rail car manufacturer They also made a successful leap into the streetcar business supplying Montreal Toronto Regina Calgary Vancouver Edmonton and the Brazilian cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo with various types of streetcars The company concluded a licensing agreement with ACF Brill the successor to J G Brill in 1944 to manufacture and sell throughout Canada buses and trolley coaches of ACF Brill design as Canadian Car Brill in later years often written CCF Brill for short CC amp F built 1 114 trolley buses 11 and a few thousand buses under the name Trolleybus production ended in 1954 Edmonton Transit System s No 202 a 1954 CCF Brill T48A was the last Brill trolleybus built for any city 12 Production of the Brill diesel bus continued through the 1950s In 1960 CC amp F launched an entirely new TD bus design under the Canadian Car name to compete with the General Motors New Look model but it was not successful and production was discontinued in 1962 In 1957 wishing to diversify the British Hawker Siddeley Group acquired CC amp F through its Canadian subsidiary A V Roe Canada Ltd In 1962 A V Roe Canada was dissolved when the Avro Arrow program was suddenly terminated and its assets became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada During the 1970s they introduced the BiLevel Coach heavy railway passenger car which would go on to great success In the late 1970s and early 1980s the plant built 190 Canadian Light Rail Vehicles for the Toronto Transit Commission to replace its aging PCC streetcars 13 CCF re emerged as Can Car Rail in 1983 as a joint division between Hawker Siddeley Canada and UTDC The Can Car Rail operations were based in Thunder Bay Sold to SNC Lavalin in 1986 a financial shakeup led to the firm being returned to the Government of Ontario and then quickly re sold to Bombardier Transportation Through a series of further acquisitions mergers and rationalisations CC amp F faded from the annals of significant Canadian manufacturers although the company still exists today as the Alstom railcar facility in Thunder Bay Ontario Products EditRailway carriages Edit railway carriages for the Intercolonial Railway railway carriages for the Grand Trunk Railway railway carriages for the Grand Trunk Pacific railway carriages for the Canadian Northern Railways railway carriages for the Canadian Pacific Railway railway carriages for the Canadian National Railways some later operated by Via Rail or Rocky Mountaineer bi level carriages for GO Transit with Hawker Siddeley Canada and SNC LavalinBuses trolleys and streetcars Edit CCF Brill 44S motor bus under license in Fort William CCF Brill T44 T44A trolley bus under license in Fort William 1946 54 11 CCF Brill T48 T48A T48SP trolley bus under license in Fort William 1949 54 11 CCF Brill TD43 motor bus under license in Fort William CCF Brill TD51 motor bus under license in Fort William CN electric multiple units for use in Montreal Presidents Conference Committee Car A6 SE DT Presidents Conference Committee Car A7 SE DT Presidents Conference Committee Car A8 SE DT Small Peter Witt cars with Ottawa Car Company Large Peter Witt car and trailers with J G Brill and CompanyAircraft Edit Avro Anson Mk II 341 built under licence plus 800 wings and 300 fuselages Avro Anson Mk V 300 built Beechcraft T 34A Mentor 125 built under license 25 for RCAF and 100 for the United States Air Force Canadian Car and Foundry CBY 3 Loadmaster one built Canadian Car and Foundry Harvard Mk 4 T 6J 555 built by CC amp F post war for RCAF and USAF for Military Defense Aid Pact Canadian Car and Foundry Maple Leaf Trainer I Wallace project one built Canadian Car and Foundry Maple Leaf Trainer II one built and jigs and parts sold to Mexico where it became the Ares 2 Canadian Car and Foundry Curtiss SBW Helldiver 835 built under license Gregor FDB 1 one built Grumman G 23 Goblin I Delfin 52 built under license examples sold to Spanish Republican Air Force and Royal Canadian Air Force RCAF Hawker Hurricane Mk X XI amp XII 1 451 built under license North American Harvard Mk IIB AT 16 1 798 built under license Noorduyn Norseman Mk V 51 built after buying Noorduyn out Noorduyn Norseman Mk VII 1 built after extensive Can Car redesign Other vehicles and equipment Edit Tanks for World War II citation needed Bobcat armoured personnel carrier 1 prototype built and project terminated originally developed by Leyland Canada which was bought out by Canadian Car and Foundry itself acquired by Avro Canada and terminated under Hawker Siddeley Canada TreeFarmer Forestry Heavy Equipment under license from Garrett Enumclaw Co Canada Diesel and Canada Diesel WT highway tractors 14 Customers EditBritish Columbia Electric Railway Canadian Northern Railways Canadian Pacific Railway Canadian National Railways Chambly Transport Edmonton Transit System Grand Trunk Railway Hamilton Street Railway Intercolonial Railway Nova Scotia Light and Power Company Limited Ottawa Transportation Commission Quebec Railway Light and Power Company later Quebec Autobus post 1959 Royal Canadian Air Force RCAF Societe de transport de Montreal Toronto Transportation Commission United States Air Force USAF Preservation EditThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it April 2010 Many CC amp F built buses have been preserved as historic vehicles some in operating condition For example the Transit Museum Society in Vancouver has at least seven CC amp F buses in its collection including two CC amp F Brill trolleybuses 15 See also Edit Companies portal Trains portal Buses portal Aviation portal Canada portalJ G Brill and Company Preston Car Company Ottawa Car Company Niles Car and Manufacturing Company Noorduyn Aviation CC amp F later built their Norseman utility aircraft 1946 American Car and FoundryNotes Edit A transformational step for Alstom completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation 2021 Retrieved 7 April 2022 via Alstom Press release from Alstom on the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation Sask Power Car Saskrailmuseum org 11 September 2008 Archived from the original on 15 October 2008 Retrieved 3 October 2008 Canada Car Company Archived from the original on 20 May 2007 Kingsland N J Fire Loss is 16 750 000 The Sun New York City 13 January 1917 p 4 Retrieved 12 January 2017 via Library of Congress The Kingsland Explosion Lyndhurst Historical Society Archived from the original on 16 June 2018 Retrieved 12 January 2017 Kingsland and Haskell Disasters Safety Engineering 33 1 28 32 January 1917 via Google Books Krueger Andrew 20 August 2017 99 years after two French minesweepers vanished in a Lake Superior storm a new search aims to solve the mystery Duluth News Tribune Retrieved 9 July 2018 Trunrud Tory 16 October 2016 Blueberry Boat made here Chronicle Journal Retrieved 9 July 2018 a b Saxberg Kelly director 1999 Rosies of the North Retrieved 23 July 2012 via National Film Board of Canada Documentary film on the wartime role of women workers at Fort William Pigott Peter 2002 Wings across Canada an illustrated history of Canadian aviation Toronto Ontario Dundurn Press p 81 ISBN 9781554883790 via Archive org a b c Porter Harry Worris Stanley F X 1979 Trolleybus Bulletin No 109 Databook II Louisville Kentucky North American Trackless Trolley Association defunct pp 63 64 Trolleybus Magazine No 283 National Trolleybus Association UK January February 2009 p 11 ISSN 0266 7452 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Missing or empty title help Thompson John 5 January 2018 The car that saved Toronto s streetcars Railway Age A V Roe Corporate Annual Report for the year ended July 31 1957 page 15 Copy held by Rare Books and Special Collections Unit McGill University Library The Historic Bus Fleet Transit Museum Society 2009 Archived from the original on 8 March 2010 Retrieved 7 April 2010 Bibliography Edit Canadian Car and Foundry Avroland Canadian Car and Foundry my Canadian Transit information web site 24 September 2001 via Angelfire Green William Swanborough Gordon February May 1979 A Grumman by Any Other Name Air Enthusiast No 9 pp 26 39 ISSN 0143 5450 Kemp David 1991 Can Car Canada s Largest Air Enthusiast No 44 pp 10 16 ISSN 0143 5450 Martin J E On A Streak of Lightning Electric Railways Cars in Canada p 99 full citation needed External links EditBrill Trolley Transit Toronto All Canadian PCC Canadian Car and Foundry Co Collection McGill University Library amp Archives Canadian Car amp Foundry Co Ltd Corporate Reports McGill University Library amp Archives Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Canadian Car and Foundry amp oldid 1131533979, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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