Diplazium is a genus of ferns that specifically includes the approximately 400 known species of twinsorus ferns. The Greek root is diplazein meaning double: the indusia in this genus lie on both sides of the vein. These ferns were earlier considered part of either the Athyriaceae, Dryopteridaceae,[3] Aspleniaceae, or Polypodiaceae families or recognized as belonging to their own taxonomic family. The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) places the genus in the Athyriaceae.[1] The taxonomy of the genus is difficult and poorly known, and by 2009 has never been the subject of a complete monographic study.[4] Their distribution is pantropical, with a few species extending into temperate areas.[3][5]
The rhizome of the genus Diplazium varies from creeping to erect, and is scaly. Its fronds are deciduous or evergreen, are trophopodic[nb 1] and are either monomorphic or weakly dimorphic. The stipe is green, deeply grooved from above, and is either scaly or glabrous. It always has two lunate vascular bundles. The blades are either singular or in sets of two and are entirely pinnate, range from oblong-lanceolate to deltate, and from herbaceous to papery. It has linear basal sori that are paired back-to-back on the same vein. The indusium is linear and persistent, and the sporangia are brownish.
Some common species include Diplazium hymenodes, the peacock fern; Diplazium esculentum, the vegetable fern; Diplazium molokaiense, the Molokai twinsorus fern; and Diplazium lonchophyllum, the lance-leaved glade fern.
Diplazium is in the family Athyriaceae in the eupolypods II clade of the order Polypodiales.[6][7] The common glade fern of North America, Diplazium pycnocarpon, is found not to belong to that genus, but rather placed in the genus Homalosorus (Diplaziopsidaceae).[6] Two further species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to a new genus, Desmophlebium.[8]
^The trophopod is food storage organ described from a number of North American ferns. It consists of the enlarged and modified leaf base filled with starch storage tissue. See W. H. Wagner, Jr. and D. M. Johnson, Taxon, Vol. 32, No. 2 (May, 1983), pp. 268-269 for more information on this organ.
Referencesedit
^ abPPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
^Leticia Pacheco and Robbin C. Moran. Lectotypification of Several Names Currently Placed in Diplazium (Woodsiaceae). American Fern Journal, Vol. 93, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 2003), pp. 90-92
^ abMaarten J. M. Christenhusz; Xian-Chun Zhang; Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
^Alan R. Smith; Kathleen M. Pryer; Eric Schuettpelz; Petra Korall; Harald Schneider; Paul G. Wolf (2006). (PDF). Taxon. 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646. JSTOR 25065646. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-26.
^Mynssen, Claudine M.; Vasco, Alejandra; Moran, Robbin C.; Sylvestre, Lana S. & Rouhan, Germinal (2016). "Desmophlebiaceae and Desmophlebium: A new family and genus of Eupolypod II ferns". Taxon. 65 (1): 19–34. doi:10.12705/651.2. Retrieved 2019-07-26.
May 03, 2024
diplazium, genus, ferns, that, specifically, includes, approximately, known, species, twinsorus, ferns, greek, root, diplazein, meaning, double, indusia, this, genus, both, sides, vein, these, ferns, were, earlier, considered, part, either, athyriaceae, dryopt. Diplazium is a genus of ferns that specifically includes the approximately 400 known species of twinsorus ferns The Greek root is diplazein meaning double the indusia in this genus lie on both sides of the vein These ferns were earlier considered part of either the Athyriaceae Dryopteridaceae 3 Aspleniaceae or Polypodiaceae families or recognized as belonging to their own taxonomic family The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 PPG I places the genus in the Athyriaceae 1 The taxonomy of the genus is difficult and poorly known and by 2009 has never been the subject of a complete monographic study 4 Their distribution is pantropical with a few species extending into temperate areas 3 5 Diplazium Diplazium dietrichianum Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Division Polypodiophyta Class Polypodiopsida Order Polypodiales Suborder Aspleniineae Family Athyriaceae Genus DiplaziumSw 1801 Species See text Synonyms 1 2 ListAllantodia R Br 1810 Anisogonium C Presl 1836 Arcasplenium T Moore 1901 Brachysorus C Presl 1851 Callipteris Bory 1804 Dictyodroma Ching 1964 Digrammaria C Presl 1836 Hypochlamys Fee 1852 Lotzea Klotzsch amp H Karst 1847 Microstegia C Presl 1851 Monomelangium Hayata 1928 Ochlogramma C Presl 1851 Oxygonium C Presl 1836 Pteriglyphis Fee 1843 The rhizome of the genus Diplazium varies from creeping to erect and is scaly Its fronds are deciduous or evergreen are trophopodic nb 1 and are either monomorphic or weakly dimorphic The stipe is green deeply grooved from above and is either scaly or glabrous It always has two lunate vascular bundles The blades are either singular or in sets of two and are entirely pinnate range from oblong lanceolate to deltate and from herbaceous to papery It has linear basal sori that are paired back to back on the same vein The indusium is linear and persistent and the sporangia are brownish Some common species include Diplazium hymenodes the peacock fern Diplazium esculentum the vegetable fern Diplazium molokaiense the Molokai twinsorus fern and Diplazium lonchophyllum the lance leaved glade fern Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Selected species 3 Notes 4 ReferencesTaxonomy editDiplazium is in the family Athyriaceae in the eupolypods II clade of the order Polypodiales 6 7 The common glade fern of North America Diplazium pycnocarpon is found not to belong to that genus but rather placed in the genus Homalosorus Diplaziopsidaceae 6 Two further species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to a new genus Desmophlebium 8 Selected species editDiplazium australe Diplazium dietrichianum Diplazium dilatatum Diplazium esculentum Diplazium fraxinifolium Diplazium hymenodes Diplazium laffanianum Diplazium melanochlamys Diplazium molokaiense Diplazium queenslandicum Diplazium sibiricumNotes edit The trophopod is food storage organ described from a number of North American ferns It consists of the enlarged and modified leaf base filled with starch storage tissue See W H Wagner Jr and D M Johnson Taxon Vol 32 No 2 May 1983 pp 268 269 for more information on this organ References edit a b PPG I 2016 A community derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54 6 563 603 doi 10 1111 jse 12229 S2CID 39980610 Diplazium Sw Plants of the World Online Retrieved 31 August 2023 a b 3 Diplazium Swartz Flora of North America Leticia Pacheco and Robbin C Moran Lectotypification of Several Names Currently Placed in Diplazium Woodsiaceae American Fern Journal Vol 93 No 2 Apr Jun 2003 pp 90 92 Diplazium esculentum Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 12 January 2018 a b Maarten J M Christenhusz Xian Chun Zhang Harald Schneider 2011 A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns PDF Phytotaxa 19 7 54 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 19 1 2 Alan R Smith Kathleen M Pryer Eric Schuettpelz Petra Korall Harald Schneider Paul G Wolf 2006 A classification for extant ferns PDF Taxon 55 3 705 731 doi 10 2307 25065646 JSTOR 25065646 Archived from the original PDF on 2008 02 26 Mynssen Claudine M Vasco Alejandra Moran Robbin C Sylvestre Lana S amp Rouhan Germinal 2016 Desmophlebiaceae and Desmophlebium A new family and genus of Eupolypod II ferns Taxon 65 1 19 34 doi 10 12705 651 2 Retrieved 2019 07 26 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Diplazium amp oldid 1178242358, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
