The name of this genus is derived from the Greek words kallos (beautiful) and stoma (mouth), referring to the pearlyaperture of the shell. The genus Calliostoma is known in fossil records from the Upper Cretaceous onwards.[2]
As of 2022, Calliostoma is treated as a very broad genus of about 300 accepted species.[3] While current information is too fragmentary to assign all species in a revised genus, it is expected to be broken up and (some) subgenera will be elevated to the status of genus. A complete listing can be found at the list of Calliostoma species.
Description
The rather thin, acute, coeloconoid (=approaching conical shape but with concave sides) shell is imperforate or rarely umbilicate. The whorls are smooth, often polished and spirally ridged or granular. The body whorl is angulated at the periphery. The aperture is quadrangular, sinuated at the base and slightly oblique. The columella is simple, usually ending anteriorly in a slight tooth.[4] The nucleus appears to be either dextral or sinistral indifferently.[5][6]
Distribution and habitat
The distribution of this genus is worldwide, found mainly on hard substrates, although Japanese species have been found on sandy bottoms. These snails occur from shallow waters to bathyal depths.
Contrary to what is the case in most other top shells, species of the genus Calliostoma deposits their eggs in gelatinous ribbons that are only fertilized after being deposited. The young emerge as small snails (Lebour, 1936) without passing through a free-living planktonic stage as a veliger larva.
^Shimer & Shrock (1944). Index fossils of North America.
^"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Calliostoma Swainson, 1840". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
^Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
^Dall W. H. 1889. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877–78) and in the Caribbean Sea (1879–80), by the U.S. Coast Survey Steamer "Blake", Lieut.-Commander C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., and Commander J.R. Bartlett, U.S.N., commanding. XXIX. Report on the Mollusca. Part 2, Gastropoda and Scaphopoda. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College 18: 1–492, pls. 10–40
^Swainson, W. 1840. A treatise on malacology, or shells and shell-fish; London
^Clench W. & Turner R. (1960). "The genus Calliostoma in the western Atlantic". Johnsonia4(40) :1-80.
^Perron, F. E. (1975). "Carnivorous Calliostoma (Prosobranchia: Trochidae) from the northeastern Pacific". Veliger. 18: 52–54.
^Perron, Frank E.; Turner R. D. (1978). "The feeding behaviour and diet of Calliostoma occidentale, a coelenterate-associated prosobranch gastropod". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 44 (1): 100–103. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
Vilvens C. (2012) New species and new records of Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea (Gastropoda) from French Polynesia. Novapex 13(1): 1–23. [10 March 2012] page(s): 18
Further reading
Marshall, B.A. (1995). "A revision of the recent Calliostoma species of New Zealand". The Nautilus. 108: 83–127.
Quinn, J.F. Jr. (1992). "New species of Calliostoma and notes on some poorly known species from the Western Atlantic". The Nautilus. 106: 77–114.
Rosenberg G. (2005). . Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2009.
Williams, S.T.; K.M. Donald; H.G. Spencer; T. Nakano (March 2010). "Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 3. 54 (3): 783–809. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.008. PMID 19919851.
Vilvens C. (2009). New species and new records of Calliostomatidae (Gastropoda: Trochoidea) from New Caledonia and Solomon Islands. Novapex 10(4): 125-163
February 08, 2023
calliostoma, genus, small, medium, sized, snails, with, gills, operculum, marine, gastropod, molluscs, within, family, tidae, snails, previously, this, genus, placed, within, family, trochidae, type, genus, family, tidae, live, individual, ligatum, with, operc. Calliostoma is a genus of small to medium sized sea snails with gills and an operculum marine gastropod molluscs within the family Calliostomatidae the Calliostoma top snails Previously this genus was placed within the family Trochidae Calliostoma is the type genus of the family Calliostomatidae CalliostomaA live individual of Calliostoma ligatum with the operculum showing at the back on the left Scientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass GastropodaSubclass VetigastropodaOrder TrochidaSuperfamily TrochoideaFamily CalliostomatidaeSubfamily CalliostomatinaeGenus CalliostomaSwainson 1840Type speciesTrochus conulusLinnaeus 1758Synonyms 1 List Ampullotrochus Monterosato 1890Calliostoma Ampullotrochus Monterosato 1890Calliostoma Calliostoma Swainson 1840Calliostoma Elmerlinia Clench amp R D Turner 1960Calliostoma Eucasta Dall 1889Calliostoma Kombologion Clench amp R D Turner 1960Calliostoma Leiotrochus Conrad 1862Callistoma Herrmannsen 1846Callistomus Herrmannsen 1846Conulus Nardo 1841Elmerlinia Clench amp Turner 1960Eucasta Dall 1889Fluxina Dall 1889Jacinthius Monterosato 1889Kombologion Clench amp Turner 1960Leiotrochus Conrad 1862Trochus Calliostoma Swainson 1840Trochus Ziziphinus Gray 1842Trochus Zizyphinus Gray 1847Ziziphinus Gray 1842Zizyphinus sic Apertural view of a shell of Calliostoma trotini Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behaviour and ecology 5 Gallery 6 References 7 Further readingTaxonomy EditThe name of this genus is derived from the Greek words kallos beautiful and stoma mouth referring to the pearly aperture of the shell The genus Calliostoma is known in fossil records from the Upper Cretaceous onwards 2 As of 2022 Calliostoma is treated as a very broad genus of about 300 accepted species 3 While current information is too fragmentary to assign all species in a revised genus it is expected to be broken up and some subgenera will be elevated to the status of genus A complete listing can be found at the list of Calliostoma species Description EditThe rather thin acute coeloconoid approaching conical shape but with concave sides shell is imperforate or rarely umbilicate The whorls are smooth often polished and spirally ridged or granular The body whorl is angulated at the periphery The aperture is quadrangular sinuated at the base and slightly oblique The columella is simple usually ending anteriorly in a slight tooth 4 The nucleus appears to be either dextral or sinistral indifferently 5 6 Distribution and habitat EditThe distribution of this genus is worldwide found mainly on hard substrates although Japanese species have been found on sandy bottoms These snails occur from shallow waters to bathyal depths Behaviour and ecology EditThe species in this genus are mainly herbivorous or feed on detritus 7 although a few have been observed to be omnivorous Keen 1975 or even carnivorous feeding on a wide range of algae and on animals belonging to various other invertebrate phyla 8 The North Atlantic topshell Calliostoma occidentale has been reported to feed on coelenterates 9 Contrary to what is the case in most other top shells species of the genus Calliostoma deposits their eggs in gelatinous ribbons that are only fertilized after being deposited The young emerge as small snails Lebour 1936 without passing through a free living planktonic stage as a veliger larva Gallery Edit Drawing of a dorsal view of a living animal of Calliostoma bairdii dredged in the Atlantic Ocean at a depth of from 100 m to 1170 m Rare purple beaded specimen of Calliostoma supragranosum found subtidally in Southern CaliforniaReferences Edit Calliostoma Swainson 1840 Retrieved through World Register of Marine Species on 30 October 2010 Shimer amp Shrock 1944 Index fossils of North America WoRMS World Register of Marine Species Calliostoma Swainson 1840 www marinespecies org Retrieved 3 December 2022 Tryon 1889 Manual of Conchology XI Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia Dall W H 1889 Reports on the results of dredging under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz in the Gulf of Mexico 1877 78 and in the Caribbean Sea 1879 80 by the U S Coast Survey Steamer Blake Lieut Commander C D Sigsbee U S N and Commander J R Bartlett U S N commanding XXIX Report on the Mollusca Part 2 Gastropoda and Scaphopoda Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 18 1 492 pls 10 40 Swainson W 1840 A treatise on malacology or shells and shell fish London Clench W amp Turner R 1960 The genus Calliostoma in the western Atlantic Johnsonia 4 40 1 80 Perron F E 1975 Carnivorous Calliostoma Prosobranchia Trochidae from the northeastern Pacific Veliger 18 52 54 Perron Frank E Turner R D 1978 The feeding behaviour and diet of Calliostoma occidentale a coelenterate associated prosobranch gastropod Journal of Molluscan Studies 44 1 100 103 Archived from the original on 15 April 2013 Retrieved 20 May 2010 Vilvens C 2012 New species and new records of Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea Gastropoda from French Polynesia Novapex 13 1 1 23 10 March 2012 page s 18Further reading EditMarshall B A 1995 A revision of the recent Calliostoma species of New Zealand The Nautilus 108 83 127 Quinn J F Jr 1992 New species of Calliostoma and notes on some poorly known species from the Western Atlantic The Nautilus 106 77 114 Rosenberg G 2005 Malacolog 4 1 0 A database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 18 March 2009 Williams S T K M Donald H G Spencer T Nakano March 2010 Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae Mollusca Superfamily Trochoidea Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 3 54 3 783 809 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2009 11 008 PMID 19919851 Vilvens C 2009 New species and new records of Calliostomatidae Gastropoda Trochoidea from New Caledonia and Solomon Islands Novapex 10 4 125 163 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Calliostoma amp oldid 1125421835, 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