Buzen Province (豊前国, Bunzen-no kuni) was a province of Japan in the area of northeastern Kyūshū, corresponding to part of southeastern Fukuoka Prefecture and northwestern Ōita Prefecture.[1] Buzen bordered on Bungo to the south, and Chikuzen to the north and west. Its abbreviated form name was Hōshū (豊州) (a name which it shared with Bungo Province), although it was also called Nihō (二豊). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Buzen was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Buzen was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.
Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Buzen Province highlightedHiroshigeukiyo-e "Bungo" in "The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States" (六十余州名所図会), depicting the route to Rakan-ji temple in 1856
During the Kofun period, the area of Buzen had two main power centers: Toyouni in the northwest and Usa-kuni in the southeast (the area around what is now Usa, each of which was ruled by a kuni no miyatsuko. By the Asuka period, the area had been consolidated into a single province called Toyo Province, also called Toyokuni no Michi no Shiri. After the Taika Reforms and the establishment of the Ritsuryō system in 701, Toyo Province was divided into Bungo and Buzen Provinces.
The kokufu of Buzen was located in Toyotsu, now part of Miyako, Fukuoka, and its ruins have been located and are now a National Historic Site. The Buzen Kokubun-ji was also located in the same area. The of ichinomiya of Buzen Province is Usa Jingū, commonly known as "Usa Hachimangū", located in Usa.
During the Boshin War, Kokura Castle was occupied by the forces of Chōshū Domain, and the seat of Kokura Domain was transferred to Kawara Domain (香春藩). It was renamed Toyotsu Domain (豊津藩) in 1870. In 1869, Kokura Shinden Domain was renamed Chizuka Domain (千束藩). The previous year, hatamoto territory in the province was transferred to Hita Prefecture, followed by Usa Jingu territory and Chōshū Domain in 1869. On the other hand, former tenryō in Shimoge District and Usa District became part of Tsushima Izuhara Domain (千束藩) in January 1870. With the abolition of the han system in August 1871, the former domains became Toyotsu, Senzoku, Nakatsu, and Izuhara prefectures, which were merged at the end of the year to form Kokura Prefecture. In April 1876, Kokura Prefecture was incorporated into Fukuoka Prefecture, but in August of the same year, the two southernmost districts (Usa District and Shimoge District) of former Buzen Province were transferred to Ōita Prefecture.[2] The name "Buzen" continued to persist for some purposes. For example, Buzen is explicitly recognized in the 1894 treaties with the United States and the United Kingdom.[3]
Per the early Meiji periodKyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe-chō (旧高旧領取調帳), an official government assessment of the nation's resources, Buzen Province had 776 villages with a total kokudaka of 363,940 koku. Bungo Province consisted of:
^US Department of State. (1906). A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759.
Papinot, Edmond. (1910). Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. OCLC 77691250
(in Japanese)
External linksedit
Media related to Buzen Province at Wikimedia Commons
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903
January 01, 1970
buzen, province, 豊前国, bunzen, kuni, province, japan, area, northeastern, kyūshū, corresponding, part, southeastern, fukuoka, prefecture, northwestern, Ōita, prefecture, buzen, bordered, bungo, south, chikuzen, north, west, abbreviated, form, name, hōshū, 豊州, n. Buzen Province 豊前国 Bunzen no kuni was a province of Japan in the area of northeastern Kyushu corresponding to part of southeastern Fukuoka Prefecture and northwestern Ōita Prefecture 1 Buzen bordered on Bungo to the south and Chikuzen to the north and west Its abbreviated form name was Hōshu 豊州 a name which it shared with Bungo Province although it was also called Nihō 二豊 In terms of the Gokishichidō system Buzen was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit Under the Engishiki classification system Buzen was ranked as one of the superior countries 上国 in terms of importance and one of the far countries 遠国 in terms of distance from the capital Map of Japanese provinces 1868 with Buzen Province highlighted Hiroshige ukiyo e Bungo in The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States 六十余州名所図会 depicting the route to Rakan ji temple in 1856 Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1 2 Edo Period and early modern period 2 Gallery 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksHistory editEarly history edit During the Kofun period the area of Buzen had two main power centers Toyouni in the northwest and Usa kuni in the southeast the area around what is now Usa each of which was ruled by a kuni no miyatsuko By the Asuka period the area had been consolidated into a single province called Toyo Province also called Toyokuni no Michi no Shiri After the Taika Reforms and the establishment of the Ritsuryō system in 701 Toyo Province was divided into Bungo and Buzen Provinces The kokufu of Buzen was located in Toyotsu now part of Miyako Fukuoka and its ruins have been located and are now a National Historic Site The Buzen Kokubun ji was also located in the same area The of ichinomiya of Buzen Province is Usa Jingu commonly known as Usa Hachimangu located in Usa Edo Period and early modern period edit Buzen was largely dominated by Kokura Domain ruled by the Ogasawara clan under the Tokugawa shogunate with a smaller area under the rule of Nakatsu Domain Bakumatsu period domains Name Clan Type kokudaka Notes nbsp Kokura Ogasawara Fudai 150 000 koku renamed Kawara Domain in 1869 Toyotsu Domain in 1850 nbsp Nakatsu Okudaira Fudai 100 000 koku nbsp Kokura Shinden Ogasawara Fudai 10 000 koku Renamed Chizuka Domain in 1869 During the Boshin War Kokura Castle was occupied by the forces of Chōshu Domain and the seat of Kokura Domain was transferred to Kawara Domain 香春藩 It was renamed Toyotsu Domain 豊津藩 in 1870 In 1869 Kokura Shinden Domain was renamed Chizuka Domain 千束藩 The previous year hatamoto territory in the province was transferred to Hita Prefecture followed by Usa Jingu territory and Chōshu Domain in 1869 On the other hand former tenryō in Shimoge District and Usa District became part of Tsushima Izuhara Domain 千束藩 in January 1870 With the abolition of the han system in August 1871 the former domains became Toyotsu Senzoku Nakatsu and Izuhara prefectures which were merged at the end of the year to form Kokura Prefecture In April 1876 Kokura Prefecture was incorporated into Fukuoka Prefecture but in August of the same year the two southernmost districts Usa District and Shimoge District of former Buzen Province were transferred to Ōita Prefecture 2 The name Buzen continued to persist for some purposes For example Buzen is explicitly recognized in the 1894 treaties with the United States and the United Kingdom 3 Per the early Meiji period Kyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe chō 旧高旧領取調帳 an official government assessment of the nation s resources Buzen Province had 776 villages with a total kokudaka of 363 940 koku Bungo Province consisted of Districts of Bungo Province District kokudaka villages Controlled by Notes Usa District 宇佐郡 77 483 koku 241 villages Tenryō Nakatsu Shimabara Usa Jingu dissolved Shimoge 下毛郡 47 593 koku 98 villages Tenryō Nakatsu dissolved Kiku 企救郡 45 797 koku 110 villages Kokura Tagawa 田川郡 54 752 koku 64 villages Kokura Miyako 京都郡 34 617 koku 71 villages Kokura absorbed Nakatsu District on February 26 1896 Nakatsu 仲津郡 42 586 koku 76 villages Kokura merged into Miyako District on February 26 1896 Tsuiki 築城郡 23 033 koku 41 villages Kokura merged with Kōge to become Chikujō District on February 26 1896 Kōge 上毛郡 38 074 koku 75 villages Kokura Nakatsu merged with Tsuiki to become Chikujō District on February 26 1896Gallery edit nbsp Usa Jingu the ichinomiya of the province nbsp Buzen Kokubun ji nbsp Kokura Castle nbsp Ogasawara Tadanobu final daimyō of Kokura DomainNotes edit Nussbaum Louis Frederic 2005 Buzen in Japan Encyclopedia p 411 p 411 at Google Books Nussbaum Provinces and prefectures at p 780 US Department of State 1906 A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions treaties and other international agreements John Bassett Moore ed Vol 5 p 759 References editNussbaum Louis Frederic and Kathe Roth 2005 Japan encyclopedia Cambridge Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0 674 01753 5 OCLC 58053128 Papinot Edmond 1910 Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan Tokyo Librarie Sansaisha OCLC 77691250 in Japanese Kōzuke on Edo 300 HTML External links edit nbsp Media related to Buzen Province at Wikimedia Commons Murdoch s map of provinces 1903 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Buzen Province amp oldid 1217807323, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
