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Blue zone

January 15, 2023

For the band, see Blue Zone (band). For the parking zone regulations, see Disc parking. For parts of the United States which vote majority Democrat, see Red states and blue states.

Blue zones are regions in the world where people are speculated to live longer than average, identified by Gianni Pes, Michel Poulain and Dan Buettner.

Five blue zones have been posited: Okinawa, Japan; Sardinia, Italy; Nicoya, Costa Rica; Icaria, Greece; and Loma Linda, California, United States.[1]

History

The concept of blue zones grew out of demographic work done by Gianni Pes and Michel Poulain, published in 2004 by the journal Experimental Gerontology,[2] who identified Sardinia's Nuoro province as the region with the highest concentration of male centenarians. As the two men zeroed in on the cluster of villages with the highest longevity, they began referring to the area as the "blue zone".[3] Building on this demographic work, Dan Buettner pinpointed four additional locations: Okinawa, Nicoya, Icaria, and Loma Linda.[1]

Zones

 
An elderly Sardinian man

Through continued research, the following five areas have been identified as blue zones:[3][1]

*In Sardinia, particularly Ogliastra, Barbagia of Ollolai, and Barbagia of Seulo; A village called Seulo, located in the Barbagia of Seulo, holds the record of 20 centenarians from 1996 to 2016, which confirms it is "the place where people live the longest in the world".[4]

In 1998, a study was carried out by the Swiss research group Bluezones in collaboration with System-Biologie AG on the eating habits of the population of Yuzurihara, Japan, where the inhabitants grew very old with the best quality of life. This was part of a worldwide research to find plant species with cell rejuvenation properties.[5] Another research group at the University of California, in collaboration with the University of Rome La Sapienza, is investigating temporal blue zones in Italy outside of Sardinia.[6]

Criticism

A study of claimed longevity in Okinawa was unable to verify whether or not residents were as old as they claimed because many records did not survive World War II.[7] More recent data has shown that life expectancy in Okinawa is no longer exceptional when compared to the rest of Japan: "male longevity is now ranked 26th among the 47 prefectures of Japan."[8]

Harriet Hall, writing for Science-Based Medicine, has written that controlled studies into the blue zones are lacking and the blue zones diet is based on speculation, not solid science.[9]

See also

Further reading

  • Kiersten Hickman (28 Jan 2022). "The Most Common Food Eaten By The Healthiest People In The World". Eat This, Not That!.
  • Eliza Barclay (11 April 2015). "Eating To Break 100: Longevity Diet Tips From The Blue Zones". NPR: The Salt. Retrieved 28 Jan 2022.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Blue Zones—Live Longer, Better". Blue Zones. Retrieved 2021-10-26.
  2. ^ Poulain, Michel; Pes, Giovanni Mario; Grasland, Claude; Carru, Ciriaco; Ferrucci, Luigi; Baggio, Giovannella; Franceschi, Claudio; Deiana, Luca (2004-09-01). "Identification of a geographic area characterized by extreme longevity in the Sardinia island: the AKEA study" (PDF). Experimental Gerontology. 39 (9): 1423–1429. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2004.06.016. PMID 15489066. S2CID 21362479. (PDF) from the original on 2020-01-07. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
  3. ^ a b Poulain, Michel; Herm, Anne; Pes, Gianni. The Blue Zones: areas of exceptional longevity around the world in: Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, vol. 11, 2013, p. 87-108.
  4. ^ "Seulo, il paese più longevo del mondo Soprannomi e segreti del paese dei record - Cronaca". L'Unione Sarda.it. 2016-04-03. from the original on 2016-10-20. Retrieved 2016-11-27.
  5. ^ KOMORI, TOYOSUKE (1984). "Looking back of studies on the long life village "Yuzurihara". - Especially upon the relation-ship between long life and bacterial situation in intestine". Japanese Journal of AMHTS. 11 (3): 199–209. doi:10.7143/jhep1975.11.199. ISSN 1884-4081.
  6. ^ Schaeffel, Frank (1999). "Das wachsende Auge - ein optisches System mit Autofokus". Biologie in unserer Zeit. 29 (4): 238–246. doi:10.1002/biuz.960290407. ISSN 0045-205X.
  7. ^ Poulain, Michel (2011-07-21). "Exceptional Longevity in Okinawa:: A Plea for In-depth Validation". Demographic Research. 25 (7): 245–284. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2011.25.7.
  8. ^ Hokama, Tomiko; Binns, Colin (October 2008), "Declining longevity advantage and low birthweight in Okinawa", Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 20 Suppl: 95–101, PMID 19533867
  9. ^ Hall, Harriet. (2021). "Blue Zones Diet: Speculation Based on Misinformation". Science-Based Medicine. Retrieved 15 October 2021.

January 15, 2023
blue, zone, band, blue, zone, band, parking, zone, regulations, disc, parking, parts, united, states, which, vote, majority, democrat, states, blue, states, regions, world, where, people, speculated, live, longer, than, average, identified, gianni, michel, pou. For the band see Blue Zone band For the parking zone regulations see Disc parking For parts of the United States which vote majority Democrat see Red states and blue states Blue zones are regions in the world where people are speculated to live longer than average identified by Gianni Pes Michel Poulain and Dan Buettner Loma Linda Sardinia and Okinawa Venn diagram Five blue zones have been posited Okinawa Japan Sardinia Italy Nicoya Costa Rica Icaria Greece and Loma Linda California United States 1 Contents 1 History 2 Zones 3 Criticism 4 See also 5 Further reading 6 ReferencesHistory EditThe concept of blue zones grew out of demographic work done by Gianni Pes and Michel Poulain published in 2004 by the journal Experimental Gerontology 2 who identified Sardinia s Nuoro province as the region with the highest concentration of male centenarians As the two men zeroed in on the cluster of villages with the highest longevity they began referring to the area as the blue zone 3 Building on this demographic work Dan Buettner pinpointed four additional locations Okinawa Nicoya Icaria and Loma Linda 1 Zones Edit An elderly Sardinian manThrough continued research the following five areas have been identified as blue zones 3 1 Sardinia Italy Okinawa Japan Nicoya Peninsula Costa Rica Icaria Greece Loma Linda California United States In Sardinia particularly Ogliastra Barbagia of Ollolai and Barbagia of Seulo A village called Seulo located in the Barbagia of Seulo holds the record of 20 centenarians from 1996 to 2016 which confirms it is the place where people live the longest in the world 4 In 1998 a study was carried out by the Swiss research group Bluezones in collaboration with System Biologie AG on the eating habits of the population of Yuzurihara Japan where the inhabitants grew very old with the best quality of life This was part of a worldwide research to find plant species with cell rejuvenation properties 5 Another research group at the University of California in collaboration with the University of Rome La Sapienza is investigating temporal blue zones in Italy outside of Sardinia 6 Criticism EditA study of claimed longevity in Okinawa was unable to verify whether or not residents were as old as they claimed because many records did not survive World War II 7 More recent data has shown that life expectancy in Okinawa is no longer exceptional when compared to the rest of Japan male longevity is now ranked 26th among the 47 prefectures of Japan 8 Harriet Hall writing for Science Based Medicine has written that controlled studies into the blue zones are lacking and the blue zones diet is based on speculation not solid science 9 See also EditAARP Blue Zones Vitality Project Alameda County Study Longevity Centenarian Supercentenarian Research into centenarians Gerontology Research GroupFurther reading EditKiersten Hickman 28 Jan 2022 The Most Common Food Eaten By The Healthiest People In The World Eat This Not That Eliza Barclay 11 April 2015 Eating To Break 100 Longevity Diet Tips From The Blue Zones NPR The Salt Retrieved 28 Jan 2022 References Edit a b c Blue Zones Live Longer Better Blue Zones Retrieved 2021 10 26 Poulain Michel Pes Giovanni Mario Grasland Claude Carru Ciriaco Ferrucci Luigi Baggio Giovannella Franceschi Claudio Deiana Luca 2004 09 01 Identification of a geographic area characterized by extreme longevity in the Sardinia island the AKEA study PDF Experimental Gerontology 39 9 1423 1429 doi 10 1016 j exger 2004 06 016 PMID 15489066 S2CID 21362479 Archived PDF from the original on 2020 01 07 Retrieved 2019 09 17 a b Poulain Michel Herm Anne Pes Gianni The Blue Zones areas of exceptional longevity around the world in Vienna Yearbook of Population Research vol 11 2013 p 87 108 Seulo il paese piu longevo del mondo Soprannomi e segreti del paese dei record Cronaca L Unione Sarda it 2016 04 03 Archived from the original on 2016 10 20 Retrieved 2016 11 27 KOMORI TOYOSUKE 1984 Looking back of studies on the long life village Yuzurihara Especially upon the relation ship between long life and bacterial situation in intestine Japanese Journal of AMHTS 11 3 199 209 doi 10 7143 jhep1975 11 199 ISSN 1884 4081 Schaeffel Frank 1999 Das wachsende Auge ein optisches System mit Autofokus Biologie in unserer Zeit 29 4 238 246 doi 10 1002 biuz 960290407 ISSN 0045 205X Poulain Michel 2011 07 21 Exceptional Longevity in Okinawa A Plea for In depth Validation Demographic Research 25 7 245 284 doi 10 4054 DemRes 2011 25 7 Hokama Tomiko Binns Colin October 2008 Declining longevity advantage and low birthweight in Okinawa Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 20 Suppl 95 101 PMID 19533867 Hall Harriet 2021 Blue Zones Diet Speculation Based on Misinformation Science Based Medicine Retrieved 15 October 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Blue zone amp oldid 1133513260, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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