G. hamiltonii is mainly black with small yellowish or white spots, and a much-elevated carapace, with three interrupted keels or series of nodose prominences corresponding to the vertebral and costal shields. The posterior border of the carapace is strongly serrated in young, but feebly in the adult. The nuchal is moderate, broader posteriorly than anteriorly. The first vertebral is not or scarcely broader anteriorly than posteriorly. The second and third vertebrals are broader than long in the young, nearly as long as broad in the adult, narrower than the costals. The plastron is large, angulate laterally, truncate anteriorly. The posterior lobe of the plastron is much narrower than the opening of the shell, nearly as long as the width of the bridge, deeply notched posteriorly. The head is rather large. The snout is very short, not projecting. The upper jaw is emarginated mesially. The width of the mandible at the symphysis nearly equals the horizontal diameter of the orbit. A large shield covers the upper surface of the snout and the crown, sometimes divided into three, one shield around the upper jaw and one on each side between the eye and the ear. The digits are webbed to the claws. The tail is extremely short. The shell is dark brown or blackish, elegantly marked with yellow spots and radiating streaks, and the soft parts are dark brown or blackish, with round yellow spots, largest on the head and neck.[6]
Maximum straight carapace length is 41 cm (16 in).[7]
Dietedit
G. hamiltoniipreys predominately upon snails, but also eats dragonfly larvae, other insects, freshwater crustaceans, and other animal and vegetable food items.[1]
Each female lays two clutches per year. Clutch size is 12–36 eggs, and the second clutch is usually smaller than the first. Each hatchling has a straight carapace length of about 37 mm (1.5 in).[1]
^ abcdPraschag, P.; Ahmed, M.F.; Singh, S. (2019). "Geoclemys hamiltonii ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T9029A152050337. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T9029A152050337.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN978-1-4214-0135-5. (Geoclemys hamiltonii, p. 114).
^Boulenger GA (1890). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. (Damonia hamiltonii, p. 34).
^Species Geoclemys hamiltonii at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
Further readingedit
Das I (2002). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. ISBN0-88359-056-5. (Geoclemys hamiltonii, p. 125).
Gray JE (1831). Synopsis Reptilium or Short Descriptions of the Species of Reptiles. Part I: Cataphracta, Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Enaliosaurians. London: Treuttel, Wurz & Co. 85 pp. (Emys hamiltonii, new species, pp. 21, 72).
Khan, Mohammad Ali Reza (1982). "Chelonians of Bangladesh and their conservation". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society79 (1): 110–116 + Plates I–II. (Geoclemys hamiltoni, p. 113).
Murray JA (1884). "Additions to the reptilian fauna of Sind". Annals and Magazine Natural History, Fifth Series14: 106–111.
Smith MA (1931). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. I.—Loricata, Testudines. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xxviii + 185 pp. + Plates I–II. (Geoclemys hamiltoni, pp. 111–112 + Plate I, figure 6).
External linksedit
Geoclemys hamiltonii at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
April 04, 2024
black, pond, turtle, southeast, asian, turtle, also, known, black, pond, turtle, black, marsh, turtle, black, pond, turtle, geoclemys, hamiltonii, also, known, commonly, spotted, pond, turtle, indian, spotted, turtle, species, freshwater, turtle, family, geoem. For the Southeast Asian turtle also known as the black pond turtle see Black marsh turtle The black pond turtle Geoclemys hamiltonii also known commonly as the spotted pond turtle and the Indian spotted turtle is a species of freshwater turtle in the family Geoemydidae The species which is endemic to South Asia 4 belongs to the monotypic genus Geoclemys Black pond turtleConservation statusEndangered IUCN 3 1 1 CITES Appendix I CITES 2 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder TestudinesSuborder CryptodiraSuperfamily TestudinoideaFamily GeoemydidaeSubfamily GeoemydinaeGenus GeoclemysSpecies G hamiltoniiBinomial nameGeoclemys hamiltonii Gray 1831 Synonyms 3 Emys hamiltoniiGray 1831 Emys guttataGray 1831 Emys picquotiiLesson 1831 Clemmys Clemmys hamiltonii Fitzinger 1835 Geoclemys hamiltonii Gray 1856 Damonia hamiltonii Gray 1869 Melanochelys pictusMurray 1884 Clemmys palaeindicaLydekker 1885 Damonia hamiltoni Lydekker 1889 ex errore Geoclemmys hamiltonii Boulenger 1889 Emys hamiltoni M A Smith 1931 Geoclemys hamiltoni M A Smith 1931 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Description 3 Diet 4 Reproduction 5 Geographic range 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksEtymology editThe specific name hamiltonii is in honor of Scottish botanist and ichthyologist Francis Hamilton 5 Description editG hamiltonii is mainly black with small yellowish or white spots and a much elevated carapace with three interrupted keels or series of nodose prominences corresponding to the vertebral and costal shields The posterior border of the carapace is strongly serrated in young but feebly in the adult The nuchal is moderate broader posteriorly than anteriorly The first vertebral is not or scarcely broader anteriorly than posteriorly The second and third vertebrals are broader than long in the young nearly as long as broad in the adult narrower than the costals The plastron is large angulate laterally truncate anteriorly The posterior lobe of the plastron is much narrower than the opening of the shell nearly as long as the width of the bridge deeply notched posteriorly The head is rather large The snout is very short not projecting The upper jaw is emarginated mesially The width of the mandible at the symphysis nearly equals the horizontal diameter of the orbit A large shield covers the upper surface of the snout and the crown sometimes divided into three one shield around the upper jaw and one on each side between the eye and the ear The digits are webbed to the claws The tail is extremely short The shell is dark brown or blackish elegantly marked with yellow spots and radiating streaks and the soft parts are dark brown or blackish with round yellow spots largest on the head and neck 6 Maximum straight carapace length is 41 cm 16 in 7 Diet editG hamiltonii preys predominately upon snails but also eats dragonfly larvae other insects freshwater crustaceans and other animal and vegetable food items 1 Reproduction editG hamiltonii is oviparous 8 Each female lays two clutches per year Clutch size is 12 36 eggs and the second clutch is usually smaller than the first Each hatchling has a straight carapace length of about 37 mm 1 5 in 1 Geographic range editG hamiltonii is found in southern Pakistan Indus Ganges Brahmaputra River drainages northern India Assam Bihar Jammu Meghalaya Punjab Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Sri Lanka and Bangladesh 1 References edit a b c d Praschag P Ahmed M F Singh S 2019 Geoclemys hamiltonii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T9029A152050337 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2019 1 RLTS T9029A152050337 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 Fritz Uwe Havas Peter 2007 Checklist of Chelonians of the World Vertebrate Zoology 57 2 222 doi 10 3897 vz 57 e30895 ISSN 1864 5755 Chelonia org Beolens Bo Watkins Michael Grayson Michael 2011 The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press xiii 296 pp ISBN 978 1 4214 0135 5 Geoclemys hamiltonii p 114 Boulenger GA 1890 The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma Reptilia and Batrachia London Secretary of State for India in Council Taylor and Francis printers xviii 541 pp Damonia hamiltonii p 34 Das 2002 Species Geoclemys hamiltonii at The Reptile Database www reptile database org Further reading editDas I 2002 A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India Sanibel Island Florida Ralph Curtis Books 144 pp ISBN 0 88359 056 5 Geoclemys hamiltonii p 125 Gray JE 1831 Synopsis Reptilium or Short Descriptions of the Species of Reptiles Part I Cataphracta Tortoises Crocodiles and Enaliosaurians London Treuttel Wurz amp Co 85 pp Emys hamiltonii new species pp 21 72 Khan Mohammad Ali Reza 1982 Chelonians of Bangladesh and their conservation Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 79 1 110 116 Plates I II Geoclemys hamiltoni p 113 Murray JA 1884 Additions to the reptilian fauna of Sind Annals and Magazine Natural History Fifth Series 14 106 111 Philippen H D 2004 Geoclemys hamiltonii Gray 1831 Strahlen Dreikielschildkrote Reptilia Munster 9 5 51 54 in German Smith MA 1931 The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma Reptilia and Amphibia Vol I Loricata Testudines London Secretary of State for India in Council Taylor and Francis printers xxviii 185 pp Plates I II Geoclemys hamiltoni pp 111 112 Plate I figure 6 External links editGeoclemys hamiltonii at the Reptarium cz Reptile Database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black pond turtle amp oldid 1209747535, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
