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Black Christmas bushfires

January 01, 1970

In Australia, during winter and spring 2001, low rainfall across combined with a hot, dry December created ideal conditions for bushfires. On the day of Christmas Eve, firefighters from the Grose Vale Rural Fire Service (RFS) brigade attended a blaze in rugged terrain at the end of Cabbage Tree Rd, Grose Vale, believed to have been caused by power lines in the Grose Valley.

Black Christmas bushfires
Date(s)24 December 2001 – 7 January 2002
LocationNew South Wales, Australia
Statistics
Burned area753,314 hectares (1,861,480 acres)[1]
Land use
  • Urban/rural fringe areas
  • Farmland
  • Forest reserves
Impacts
DeathsNil
Non-fatal injuries4
Structures destroyed
  • 109 homes
  • 433 outbuildings[1]
DamageA$70 million
Ignition
Cause
  • Low humidity
  • Arson

On Christmas Day, strong westerly winds fuelled more than 100 bushfires across the state, creating a plume of smoke that extended across Sydney.[2] This plume of smoke would not clear for some days as the bushfires continued to burn, creating some of the worst pollution that Sydney has ever experienced, with a regional pollution index reading of: 200 in North-West Sydney; 120 in Central-East and South-West Sydney.[3][4] The fires mainly burnt in Lane Cove National Park, the Royal National Park and Blue Mountains National Park. Approximately 753,314 hectares (1,861,480 acres) was burnt.[1] 121 homes were destroyed across the state and 36 damaged, mostly in the lower Blue Mountains and west of the Royal National Park around Helensburgh.[5] Arsonists were believed to be responsible for starting many of the fires, leading to harsher penalties for those who start bushfires.

The dry conditions that started the bushfires continued well into 2002, resulting in the worst drought in 100 years. The drought was declared a "one in 1000 year event".[6] The drought finally broke with the La Nina event of 2010–2011. Significantly higher than average rainfall began in July 2010, it was Australia's second wettest year on record.[7]

An Erickson S-64 Aircrane helicopter became something of a celebrity during this time. Elvis (N179AC) was loaned to NSW by Victoria and proved instantly successful.[8]

Start date Injuries Houses destroyed Area Local government areas Impacted communities and description of damage Duration
ha acre
24 December 2001 30 – 39 15,500 38,000 Wollondilly

—Belimba Park, Nattai, Oakdale, Silverdale, Thirlmere & Warragamba

8 factory buildings, 2 shops and dozens of other non-residential structures destroyed.[9][10][11]
 43 days
24 December 2001 34 – 52 97,000 240,000 Shoalhaven

—Bendalong, Berrara, Huskisson, Manyana, Sussex Inlet, Tomerong & Vincentia

5 industrial units, 21 businesses, 109 sheds, one scout hall, 53 vehicles, 11 tractors, 23 other items of farm equipment, 25 trailers, 21 boats and 580 beehives destroyed.[11][12][13][14][15][16]
 29 days
23 December 2001 2 45,500 112,000 Clarence Valley

—Brooms Head

12 non-residential structures destroyed. 8 houses damaged.[17]
 22 days
24 December 2001 4 14 112,000 280,000 Hawkesbury

—Yarramundi & Blaxlands Ridge

Several non-residential structures destroyed.[9][11][18][19]
 31 days
24 December 2001 12 42,000 100,000 Blue Mountains

—Warrimoo, Valley Heights & Yellow Rock

8 houses damaged.[9][19][20][21]
 20 days
25 December 2001 27 – 35 64,000 160,000 Sutherland & Wollongong

—Heathcote, Waterfall, Helensburgh, Otford & Stanwell Tops

20 or more vehicles, 15 industrial premises, 14 commercial premises, 5 cottages, 2 large conference buildings and dozens of other non-residential structures destroyed. Scores of houses damaged.[9][10][22][23]
 14 days
25 December 2001 4 8,200 20,000 Penrith

—Glenmore Park & Mulgoa

[9][11]
 6 days

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c . Fire & Rescue NSW. NSW Government. 8 May 2007. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  2. ^ "The human health impact of the 2001-2002 'Black Christmas' bushfires in New South Wales, Australia: an alternative multidisciplinary strategy" (PDF). Journal of Rural & Remote Health. 3 (1). Warwick Educational Publishing Inc.: 18–28 2004. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  3. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1732047.stm Eyewitness: Sydney's residents face fire wrath, BBC News, 28 December 2001
  4. ^ 2007 Essential Sydney, Sydney Morning Herald, taken from data provided by the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation
  5. ^ [1][dead link]
  6. ^ "Leaders warned on one-in-1000-year drought". Theage.com.au. 8 November 2006. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  7. ^ "The 2010–11 La Niña: Australia soaked by one of the strongest events on record". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  8. ^ "Elvis – king of the firefighters". BBC News. 3 January 2002. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d e "Counting the cost". Newcastle Herald. Fairfax Media. 27 December 2001. p. 4. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  10. ^ a b (PDF). Bushfire Bulletin. New South Wales Rural Fire Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2005.
  11. ^ a b c d . bushfire.nsw.gov.au. NSW Rural Fire Service. 27 December 2001. Archived from the original on 9 February 2002. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  12. ^ Murphy, Sean (3 January 2002). . 7:30 Report. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  13. ^ (PDF). parliament.nsw.gov.au. Joint Select Committee on Bushfires. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  14. ^ "Thousands flee as fires hit tiny towns". The Age. Fairfax Media. 3 January 2002. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  15. ^ Anthony Dennis; Stephanie Peatling (4 January 2002). "Smouldering Sussex Inlet wakes up to find the holiday is over". Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  16. ^ Joanna Gash, Member for Gilmore (20 February 2002). "Main Committee; Christmas 2001 Bushfires". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Commonwealth of Australia: House of Representatives. p. 642.
  17. ^ (PDF). Bushfire Bulletin. New South Wales Rural Fire Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2005.
  18. ^ (PDF). parliament.nsw.gov.au. Joint Select Committee on Bushfires. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  19. ^ a b Kerry Bartlett, Member for Macquarie (20 February 2002). "Main Committee; Christmas 2001 Bushfires". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Commonwealth of Australia: House of Representatives. p. 650.
  20. ^ Leong Poon, Ph.D. "Bushfire Investigations - Warrimoo, Valley Heights and Yellow Rock, Lower Blue Mountains, NSW, 2001-2" (PDF). timber.net.au. National Timber Development Council. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  21. ^ Chipperfield, Mark (30 December 2001). "Bushfire victims begin rebuilding shattered lives". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  22. ^ . historichelensburgh.org.au. Helensburgh and District Historical Society. 20 November 2012. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  23. ^ Dr. Stephen Paul Martin, Member for Cunningham (20 February 2002). "Main Committee; Christmas 2001 Bushfires". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Commonwealth of Australia: House of Representatives. p. 651.

33°47′01″S 151°08′19″E / 33.78361°S 151.13861°E / -33.78361; 151.13861

January 01, 1970
black, christmas, bushfires, article, lead, section, need, rewritten, please, help, improve, lead, read, lead, layout, guide, january, 2020, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, australia, during, winter, spring, 2001, rainfall, across, combined, with. The article s lead section may need to be rewritten Please help improve the lead and read the lead layout guide January 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message In Australia during winter and spring 2001 low rainfall across combined with a hot dry December created ideal conditions for bushfires On the day of Christmas Eve firefighters from the Grose Vale Rural Fire Service RFS brigade attended a blaze in rugged terrain at the end of Cabbage Tree Rd Grose Vale believed to have been caused by power lines in the Grose Valley Black Christmas bushfiresDate s 24 December 2001 7 January 2002LocationNew South Wales AustraliaStatisticsBurned area753 314 hectares 1 861 480 acres 1 Land useUrban rural fringe areasFarmlandForest reservesImpactsDeathsNilNon fatal injuries4Structures destroyed109 homes433 outbuildings 1 DamageA 70 millionIgnitionCauseLow humidityArson On Christmas Day strong westerly winds fuelled more than 100 bushfires across the state creating a plume of smoke that extended across Sydney 2 This plume of smoke would not clear for some days as the bushfires continued to burn creating some of the worst pollution that Sydney has ever experienced with a regional pollution index reading of 200 in North West Sydney 120 in Central East and South West Sydney 3 4 The fires mainly burnt in Lane Cove National Park the Royal National Park and Blue Mountains National Park Approximately 753 314 hectares 1 861 480 acres was burnt 1 121 homes were destroyed across the state and 36 damaged mostly in the lower Blue Mountains and west of the Royal National Park around Helensburgh 5 Arsonists were believed to be responsible for starting many of the fires leading to harsher penalties for those who start bushfires The dry conditions that started the bushfires continued well into 2002 resulting in the worst drought in 100 years The drought was declared a one in 1000 year event 6 The drought finally broke with the La Nina event of 2010 2011 Significantly higher than average rainfall began in July 2010 it was Australia s second wettest year on record 7 An Erickson S 64 Aircrane helicopter became something of a celebrity during this time Elvis N179AC was loaned to NSW by Victoria and proved instantly successful 8 Start date Injuries Houses destroyed Area Local government areas Impacted communities and description of damage Duration ha acre 24 December 2001 30 39 15 500 38 000 Wollondilly Belimba Park Nattai Oakdale Silverdale Thirlmere amp Warragamba 8 factory buildings 2 shops and dozens of other non residential structures destroyed 9 10 11 43 days 24 December 2001 34 52 97 000 240 000 Shoalhaven Bendalong Berrara Huskisson Manyana Sussex Inlet Tomerong amp Vincentia 5 industrial units 21 businesses 109 sheds one scout hall 53 vehicles 11 tractors 23 other items of farm equipment 25 trailers 21 boats and 580 beehives destroyed 11 12 13 14 15 16 29 days 23 December 2001 2 45 500 112 000 Clarence Valley Brooms Head 12 non residential structures destroyed 8 houses damaged 17 22 days 24 December 2001 4 14 112 000 280 000 Hawkesbury Yarramundi amp Blaxlands Ridge Several non residential structures destroyed 9 11 18 19 31 days 24 December 2001 12 42 000 100 000 Blue Mountains Warrimoo Valley Heights amp Yellow Rock 8 houses damaged 9 19 20 21 20 days 25 December 2001 27 35 64 000 160 000 Sutherland amp Wollongong Heathcote Waterfall Helensburgh Otford amp Stanwell Tops 20 or more vehicles 15 industrial premises 14 commercial premises 5 cottages 2 large conference buildings and dozens of other non residential structures destroyed Scores of houses damaged 9 10 22 23 14 days 25 December 2001 4 8 200 20 000 Penrith Glenmore Park amp Mulgoa 9 11 6 daysSee also edit2001 Warragamba bushfiresReferences edit a b c Christmas 2001 2002 bushfires Fire amp Rescue NSW NSW Government 8 May 2007 Archived from the original on 8 December 2015 Retrieved 1 December 2015 The human health impact of the 2001 2002 Black Christmas bushfires in New South Wales Australia an alternative multidisciplinary strategy PDF Journal of Rural amp Remote Health 3 1 Warwick Educational Publishing Inc 18 28 2004 Retrieved 9 February 2014 http news bbc co uk 2 hi asia pacific 1732047 stm Eyewitness Sydney s residents face fire wrath BBC News 28 December 2001 2007 Essential Sydney Sydney Morning Herald taken from data provided by the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation 1 dead link Leaders warned on one in 1000 year drought Theage com au 8 November 2006 Retrieved 9 February 2014 The 2010 11 La Nina Australia soaked by one of the strongest events on record Australian Bureau of Meteorology Retrieved 9 February 2014 Elvis king of the firefighters BBC News 3 January 2002 Retrieved 9 February 2014 a b c d e Counting the cost Newcastle Herald Fairfax Media 27 December 2001 p 4 Retrieved 30 April 2016 a b Christmas Fires 2001 Special Part Two PDF Bushfire Bulletin New South Wales Rural Fire Service Archived from the original PDF on 17 July 2005 a b c d Bushfire Updates bushfire nsw gov au NSW Rural Fire Service 27 December 2001 Archived from the original on 9 February 2002 Retrieved 30 April 2016 Murphy Sean 3 January 2002 Bushfires continue to wreak havoc across NSW 7 30 Report Australian Broadcasting Corporation Archived from the original on 29 May 2016 Retrieved 6 June 2015 At Nowra on Monday 22 April 2002 PDF parliament nsw gov au Joint Select Committee on Bushfires Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 6 June 2015 Thousands flee as fires hit tiny towns The Age Fairfax Media 3 January 2002 Retrieved 30 April 2016 Anthony Dennis Stephanie Peatling 4 January 2002 Smouldering Sussex Inlet wakes up to find the holiday is over Sydney Morning Herald Fairfax Media Retrieved 30 April 2016 Joanna Gash Member for Gilmore 20 February 2002 Main Committee Christmas 2001 Bushfires Parliamentary Debates Hansard Commonwealth of Australia House of Representatives p 642 Christmas Fires 2001 Special Part One PDF Bushfire Bulletin New South Wales Rural Fire Service Archived from the original PDF on 17 July 2005 At Sydney on Friday 31 May 2002 PDF parliament nsw gov au Joint Select Committee on Bushfires Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 6 June 2015 a b Kerry Bartlett Member for Macquarie 20 February 2002 Main Committee Christmas 2001 Bushfires Parliamentary Debates Hansard Commonwealth of Australia House of Representatives p 650 Leong Poon Ph D Bushfire Investigations Warrimoo Valley Heights and Yellow Rock Lower Blue Mountains NSW 2001 2 PDF timber net au National Timber Development Council Retrieved 6 June 2015 Chipperfield Mark 30 December 2001 Bushfire victims begin rebuilding shattered lives The Telegraph Telegraph Media Group Retrieved 30 April 2016 Black Christmas historichelensburgh org au Helensburgh and District Historical Society 20 November 2012 Archived from the original on 25 March 2016 Retrieved 30 April 2016 Dr Stephen Paul Martin Member for Cunningham 20 February 2002 Main Committee Christmas 2001 Bushfires Parliamentary Debates Hansard Commonwealth of Australia House of Representatives p 651 33 47 01 S 151 08 19 E 33 78361 S 151 13861 E 33 78361 151 13861 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black Christmas bushfires amp oldid 1163801677, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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