The black-winged parrot (Hapalopsittaca melanotis), also known as the black-eared parrot, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.[5]
Early in the 20th century the black-winged parrot shared genus Pionopsitta with the pileated parrot (P. pileata).[6] It has two subspecies, the nominateH. m. melanotis (Lafresnaye, 1847) and H. m. peruviana (Carriker, 1932).[5] There have been suggestions that peruviana deserves to be treated as a full species.[7]
Descriptionedit
The black-winged parrot is about 24 cm (9.4 in) long. Adults of both subspecies are mostly green that is more yellowish on their underparts. Their crown has a blue-gray tinge, their lores are blue, and pinkish feathers surround the eye. The nominate subspecies has black ear coverts; those of H. m. peruviana are buff. The nominate has a wide blue-gray collar; that of peruviana is narrower. Both subspecies have largely black wings but for the mostly blue primaries. Their tail is green tipped, with blackish blue.[7]
Distribution and habitatedit
The two subspecies of the black-winged parrot have disjunct ranges. The nominate is found in central-west Bolivia between the departments of La Paz and Santa Cruz. H. m. peruviana is found in central and southern Peru, from Huánuco to Junín and Cuzco. The species inhabits humid montane evergreen forest, cloudforest, and elfin forest, even when in patches rather than continuous. In elevation it ranges between 1,740 and 3,450 m (5,700 and 11,300 ft).[7]
Behavioredit
Movementedit
The black-winged parrot's movements have not been fully defined. It may inhabit the higher elevations only seasonally, and it appears to be nomadic in search of food.
Feedingedit
The black-winged parrot's diet is berries, with those of Gaiadendron mistletoe being highly favored. Flocks of up to 50 have been observed moving between patches of forest in search of fruit.[7]
Breedingedit
Nothing is known about the black-winged parrot's breeding biology.[7]
Songs and calls
Listen to black-winged parrot on xeno-canto
Vocalizationedit
The black-winged parrot's flight call is "a series of 1–3 short, rather mellow-sounding notes, sometimes followed by a higher-pitched more piercing note, e.g. “crrit ... crrit ... crrit .. kie”." It makes "a wider variety of short, mellow calls" when perched, and on take-off "may produce a faster and longer series of “crrit” notes."[7]
Statusedit
The IUCN has assessed the black-winged parrot as being of Least Concern. Though it has a somewhat limited range and its population size is not known, the latter appears to be stable. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] "Locally common, sometimes occurring in fairly large flocks, but evidently scarcer in Peru than Bolivia."[7]
Referencesedit
^ abBirdLife International (2016). "Black-winged Parrot Hapalopsittaca melanotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22686155A93100048. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22686155A93100048.en. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
^"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
^de Lafresnaye, Nöel Frédéric Armand André (1847). "Quelques oiseaux nouveaux de Bolivie et de Nouvelle-Grenade". Rev. Zool. Soc. Cuvierienne. 10: 67.
^ abGill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.1. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
^Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 30 January 2023. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 30, 2023
^ abcdefgCollar, N. and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Black-winged Parrot (Hapalopsittaca melanotis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.blwpar1.01 retrieved February 25, 2023
black, winged, parrot, black, winged, parrot, hapalopsittaca, melanotis, also, known, black, eared, parrot, species, bird, subfamily, arinae, family, psittacidae, african, world, parrots, found, bolivia, peru, conservation, status, least, concern, iucn, cites,. The black winged parrot Hapalopsittaca melanotis also known as the black eared parrot is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae the African and New World parrots It is found in Bolivia and Peru 5 Black winged parrot Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 CITES Appendix II CITES 2 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Psittaciformes Family Psittacidae Genus Hapalopsittaca Species H melanotis Binomial name Hapalopsittaca melanotis Lafresnaye 1847 Synonyms 3 4 Pionus melanotis de Lafresnaye 1847 Contents 1 Taxonomy and systematics 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behavior 4 1 Movement 4 2 Feeding 4 3 Breeding 4 4 Vocalization 5 Status 6 References 7 Further readingTaxonomy and systematics editEarly in the 20th century the black winged parrot shared genus Pionopsitta with the pileated parrot P pileata 6 It has two subspecies the nominate H m melanotis Lafresnaye 1847 and H m peruviana Carriker 1932 5 There have been suggestions that peruviana deserves to be treated as a full species 7 Description editThe black winged parrot is about 24 cm 9 4 in long Adults of both subspecies are mostly green that is more yellowish on their underparts Their crown has a blue gray tinge their lores are blue and pinkish feathers surround the eye The nominate subspecies has black ear coverts those of H m peruviana are buff The nominate has a wide blue gray collar that of peruviana is narrower Both subspecies have largely black wings but for the mostly blue primaries Their tail is green tipped with blackish blue 7 Distribution and habitat editThe two subspecies of the black winged parrot have disjunct ranges The nominate is found in central west Bolivia between the departments of La Paz and Santa Cruz H m peruviana is found in central and southern Peru from Huanuco to Junin and Cuzco The species inhabits humid montane evergreen forest cloudforest and elfin forest even when in patches rather than continuous In elevation it ranges between 1 740 and 3 450 m 5 700 and 11 300 ft 7 Behavior editMovement edit The black winged parrot s movements have not been fully defined It may inhabit the higher elevations only seasonally and it appears to be nomadic in search of food Feeding edit The black winged parrot s diet is berries with those of Gaiadendron mistletoe being highly favored Flocks of up to 50 have been observed moving between patches of forest in search of fruit 7 Breeding edit Nothing is known about the black winged parrot s breeding biology 7 nbsp Songs and calls Listen to black winged parrot on xeno canto Vocalization edit The black winged parrot s flight call is a series of 1 3 short rather mellow sounding notes sometimes followed by a higher pitched more piercing note e g crrit crrit crrit kie It makes a wider variety of short mellow calls when perched and on take off may produce a faster and longer series of crrit notes 7 Status editThe IUCN has assessed the black winged parrot as being of Least Concern Though it has a somewhat limited range and its population size is not known the latter appears to be stable No immediate threats have been identified 1 Locally common sometimes occurring in fairly large flocks but evidently scarcer in Peru than Bolivia 7 References edit a b BirdLife International 2016 Black winged Parrot Hapalopsittaca melanotis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22686155A93100048 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22686155A93100048 en Retrieved 25 February 2023 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved February 24 2023 https avibase bsc eoc org species jsp lang EN amp avibaseid 91F5CA1B8AF21A10 amp sec synonyms de Lafresnaye Noel Frederic Armand Andre 1847 Quelques oiseaux nouveaux de Bolivie et de Nouvelle Grenade Rev Zool Soc Cuvierienne 10 67 a b Gill F Donsker D Rasmussen P eds January 2023 Parrots cockatoos IOC World Bird List v 13 1 Retrieved 18 February 2023 Remsen J V Jr J I Areta E Bonaccorso S Claramunt A Jaramillo D F Lane J F Pacheco M B Robbins F G Stiles and K J Zimmer Version 30 January 2023 A classification of the bird species of South America American Ornithological Society https www museum lsu edu Remsen SACCBaseline htm retrieved January 30 2023 a b c d e f g Collar N and P F D Boesman 2020 Black winged Parrot Hapalopsittaca melanotis version 1 0 In Birds of the World J del Hoyo A Elliott J Sargatal D A Christie and E de Juana Editors Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca NY USA https doi org 10 2173 bow blwpar1 01 retrieved February 25 2023Further reading editParrots A Guide to Parrots of the World 1998 ISBN 0 300 07453 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black winged parrot amp oldid 1182255112, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
