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Wikipedia

Big Youth

January 07, 2023

Manley Augustus Buchanan (born 19 April 1949, Trenchtown, Kingston, Jamaica),[1] better known as Big Youth (sometimes called Jah Youth), is a Jamaican deejay, mostly known for his work during the 1970s.

Big Youth
Big Youth, Reggae Geel, 3 August 2019, Belgium.
Background information
Birth nameManley Augustus Buchanan
Born (1949-04-19) 19 April 1949 (age 73)
OriginKingston, Jamaica
GenresReggae, R&B, soul music, dub, dancehall
Instrument(s)Vocals, deejay, toasting, MC

He commented, "Deejays were closest to the people because there wasn't any kind of establishment control on the sound systems".[2]

Biography

Early career

Before beginning his musical career, Buchanan worked as a diesel mechanic at Kingston's Sheraton Hotel, where he would develop his toasting skills while he worked, and was nicknamed "Big Youth" by his co-workers.[1] He started to perform at dances, initially influenced by U-Roy, and became a regular with Lord Tippertone's sound system by 1970, becoming the resident deejay, and attracting the attention of Kingston's record producers.[1] His early singles for producers such as Jimmy Radway ("The Best Big Youth"), Lee Perry ("Moving Version") and Phil Pratt ("Tell It Black") were artistically and commercially unsuccessful.

1970s peak

By 1972 he had begun working with Augustus "Gussie" Clarke, a teenage producer whose rhythms and singers were more in tune with the vibes on the streets of Kingston, and "The Killer" (on a version of Horace Andy's "Skylarking" rhythm) became his first major Jamaican hit, soon followed by "Tippertone Rocking".[1] Following this, he released the successful "S-90 Skank", featuring a motorbike being revved in the studio, for Keith Hudson's Imbidmts label, versioning the producer's own "We Will Work It Out".[3] This became his first Jamaican number one hit,[3] and also featured in a television advert for the Honda motorcycle that inspired it.[1] The first album to feature his vocals, Chi Chi Run was produced by Prince Buster in 1972. Distinctive musically, his half-sung style contrasting with his contemporaries, he was also visually distinctive, with his teeth inlaid with red, gold, and green jewels.[1]

In 1973, he released his first album entitled Screaming Target, produced by Gussie Clarke.[3] The album is still considered as a classic of its genre, featuring rhythms from well-known hits by Gregory Isaacs, Leroy Smart, and Lloyd Parks, among others.[1][4] Around this time, he also notched up some achievements in the singles chart, having seven singles in the chart at one time, and having four singles remain in the top 20 for an entire year.[1] Throughout 1974 and 1975, he continued to record for other producers, including Glen Brown ("Dubble Attack"), The Abyssinians ("I Pray Thee"/"Dreader than Dread"), Yabby You ("Yabby Youth" – later known as "Lightning Flash (Weak Heart Drop)"), Bunny Wailer ("Bide"/"Black on Black") and Joe Gibbs ("Medecine Doctor").

His next LP, Dread Locks Dread, was released on Klik Records in 1976.[3] Although ostensibly a Big Youth LP produced by "Prince" Tony Robinson, it in fact only featured six vocal tracks, two of which – "Marcus Garvey Dread" (originally "Mosia Garvey" on Jack Ruby's Fox label) and "Lightning Flash" had been released as singles for other producers.

By this time he had begun releasing his own self-produced recordings on the Negusa Nagast and Augustus Buchanan labels in Jamaica, sometimes buying rhythms from producers for whom he had worked, but latterly using his own musicians, usually the Soul Syndicate band.[1][4] Many of his singles, such as "Hot Stock", and "Battle of the Giants" (with U-Roy) were released on this imprint. His first self-produced LP was Reggae Phenomenon in 1974.[3] His self-productions continued with Natty Cultural Dread in 1976, followed later that year by Hit the Road Jack.[3] He covered "Wake Up Everybody" and "What a World Needs Now" also.[5] This was helpful, as new young DJs such as Trinity and Clint Eastwood were appearing on the scene, and Big Youth's chanting style was becoming less fashionable.

He signed to Virgin Records' Frontline label in 1977, his first release on the label being the Isaiah First Prophet of Old album,[3] and he also appeared in the film Rockers.[1] Virgin declined the chance to release his next three albums, however, and as the 1970s came to a close, Big Youth's popularity took a dip.[1] By 1982, events had combined to make reggae much less successful than it had been five years earlier. The rising tide of violence had driven many musicians and producers to leave Jamaica for the UK and US; reggae had not broken through to widespread commercial success, and, in the wake of Bob Marley's death a lot of major labels either dropped their Jamaican artists or spent little on promoting them, and the music returned to its insular roots. "Slackness" (sexually explicit lyrics) became far more fashionable than cultural Rastafari movement, and teenagers looked more towards the United States for their heroes. While his records continued to find a market, tunes like "Jah Jah Golden Jubilee", "A Luta Continua" and "Chanting" failed to capture the public imagination.

1980s onwards

The modern digital rhythms were far from suited to Big Youth's style, and his forays into the studio became less frequent. His appearance at Reggae Sunsplash in 1982 (he would appear another four times between 1983 and 1996) was well received, but his success during the 1980s was limited. His career revived in 1990, with the "Chanting" single, produced by Winston "Niney" Holness, and "Free South Africa" on the protest album One Man One Vote.

Yes, me come inna de music as Rasta, me a de original rastaman who enter it.

— Big Youth, Italy, 2001

In the 2000s, Big Youth teamed up with modern dub producer Twilight Circus to record two notable singles 'Daniel in the Lions Den' and 'What We Need Is Love', in a style hearkening to the sound of Youth's vintage 1970s classics.[6]

Cultural Influence

Big Youth's work was profoundly influential on the emerging Punk Rock culture of the late 1970s, influencing The Clash, Keith Levene, Joe Strummer, The 101ers, The Sex Pistols,Public Image Ltd, and Youth (musician) from the band Killing Joke was named after Big Youth. The cross-over appeal of Big Youth was increased by his signing to the Front Line (record label). John Lydon was instrumental in Richard Branson's decision to set up the Front Line (record label), which was a project established by Virgin Records with the intention of promoting Roots Reggae and Dub Reggae in the late 1970s. Big Youth's influence was further established and deepened in the 1990s and early 2000s, when respected Reggae historian, scholar and archivist Steve Barrow set up the Blood and Fire (record label) which re-issued Big Youth's rarest, most sought after, most prized and most esoteric work.

Discography

 
Big Youth performing in 2010.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Thompson, Dave (2002) "Reggae & Caribbean Music", Backbeat Books, ISBN 0-87930-655-6
  2. ^ Du Noyer, Paul (2003). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music (1st ed.). Fulham, London: Flame Tree Publishing. p. 366. ISBN 1-904041-96-5.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Colin Larkin, ed. (1992). The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music (First ed.). Guinness Publishing. p. 244. ISBN 0-85112-939-0.
  4. ^ a b Barrow, Steve & Dalton, Peter (2004) "The Rough Guide to Reggae", ISBN 1-84353-329-4
  5. ^ "jamaica". www.muzikifan.com. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  6. ^ . Youtube.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.

External links

  • BBC profile
Articles
  • Big Youth interview at IReggae

January 07, 2023
youth, manley, augustus, buchanan, born, april, 1949, trenchtown, kingston, jamaica, better, known, sometimes, called, youth, jamaican, deejay, mostly, known, work, during, 1970s, reggae, geel, august, 2019, belgium, background, informationbirth, namemanley, a. Manley Augustus Buchanan born 19 April 1949 Trenchtown Kingston Jamaica 1 better known as Big Youth sometimes called Jah Youth is a Jamaican deejay mostly known for his work during the 1970s Big YouthBig Youth Reggae Geel 3 August 2019 Belgium Background informationBirth nameManley Augustus BuchananBorn 1949 04 19 19 April 1949 age 73 OriginKingston JamaicaGenresReggae R amp B soul music dub dancehallInstrument s Vocals deejay toasting MC He commented Deejays were closest to the people because there wasn t any kind of establishment control on the sound systems 2 Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early career 1 2 1970s peak 1 3 1980s onwards 1 4 Cultural Influence 2 Discography 3 References 4 External linksBiography EditEarly career Edit Before beginning his musical career Buchanan worked as a diesel mechanic at Kingston s Sheraton Hotel where he would develop his toasting skills while he worked and was nicknamed Big Youth by his co workers 1 He started to perform at dances initially influenced by U Roy and became a regular with Lord Tippertone s sound system by 1970 becoming the resident deejay and attracting the attention of Kingston s record producers 1 His early singles for producers such as Jimmy Radway The Best Big Youth Lee Perry Moving Version and Phil Pratt Tell It Black were artistically and commercially unsuccessful 1970s peak Edit By 1972 he had begun working with Augustus Gussie Clarke a teenage producer whose rhythms and singers were more in tune with the vibes on the streets of Kingston and The Killer on a version of Horace Andy s Skylarking rhythm became his first major Jamaican hit soon followed by Tippertone Rocking 1 Following this he released the successful S 90 Skank featuring a motorbike being revved in the studio for Keith Hudson s Imbidmts label versioning the producer s own We Will Work It Out 3 This became his first Jamaican number one hit 3 and also featured in a television advert for the Honda motorcycle that inspired it 1 The first album to feature his vocals Chi Chi Run was produced by Prince Buster in 1972 Distinctive musically his half sung style contrasting with his contemporaries he was also visually distinctive with his teeth inlaid with red gold and green jewels 1 In 1973 he released his first album entitled Screaming Target produced by Gussie Clarke 3 The album is still considered as a classic of its genre featuring rhythms from well known hits by Gregory Isaacs Leroy Smart and Lloyd Parks among others 1 4 Around this time he also notched up some achievements in the singles chart having seven singles in the chart at one time and having four singles remain in the top 20 for an entire year 1 Throughout 1974 and 1975 he continued to record for other producers including Glen Brown Dubble Attack The Abyssinians I Pray Thee Dreader than Dread Yabby You Yabby Youth later known as Lightning Flash Weak Heart Drop Bunny Wailer Bide Black on Black and Joe Gibbs Medecine Doctor His next LP Dread Locks Dread was released on Klik Records in 1976 3 Although ostensibly a Big Youth LP produced by Prince Tony Robinson it in fact only featured six vocal tracks two of which Marcus Garvey Dread originally Mosia Garvey on Jack Ruby s Fox label and Lightning Flash had been released as singles for other producers By this time he had begun releasing his own self produced recordings on the Negusa Nagast and Augustus Buchanan labels in Jamaica sometimes buying rhythms from producers for whom he had worked but latterly using his own musicians usually the Soul Syndicate band 1 4 Many of his singles such as Hot Stock and Battle of the Giants with U Roy were released on this imprint His first self produced LP was Reggae Phenomenon in 1974 3 His self productions continued with Natty Cultural Dread in 1976 followed later that year by Hit the Road Jack 3 He covered Wake Up Everybody and What a World Needs Now also 5 This was helpful as new young DJs such as Trinity and Clint Eastwood were appearing on the scene and Big Youth s chanting style was becoming less fashionable He signed to Virgin Records Frontline label in 1977 his first release on the label being the Isaiah First Prophet of Old album 3 and he also appeared in the film Rockers 1 Virgin declined the chance to release his next three albums however and as the 1970s came to a close Big Youth s popularity took a dip 1 By 1982 events had combined to make reggae much less successful than it had been five years earlier The rising tide of violence had driven many musicians and producers to leave Jamaica for the UK and US reggae had not broken through to widespread commercial success and in the wake of Bob Marley s death a lot of major labels either dropped their Jamaican artists or spent little on promoting them and the music returned to its insular roots Slackness sexually explicit lyrics became far more fashionable than cultural Rastafari movement and teenagers looked more towards the United States for their heroes While his records continued to find a market tunes like Jah Jah Golden Jubilee A Luta Continua and Chanting failed to capture the public imagination 1980s onwards Edit The modern digital rhythms were far from suited to Big Youth s style and his forays into the studio became less frequent His appearance at Reggae Sunsplash in 1982 he would appear another four times between 1983 and 1996 was well received but his success during the 1980s was limited His career revived in 1990 with the Chanting single produced by Winston Niney Holness and Free South Africa on the protest album One Man One Vote Yes me come inna de music as Rasta me a de original rastaman who enter it Big Youth Italy 2001 In the 2000s Big Youth teamed up with modern dub producer Twilight Circus to record two notable singles Daniel in the Lions Den and What We Need Is Love in a style hearkening to the sound of Youth s vintage 1970s classics 6 Cultural Influence Edit Big Youth s work was profoundly influential on the emerging Punk Rock culture of the late 1970s influencing The Clash Keith Levene Joe Strummer The 101ers The Sex Pistols Public Image Ltd and Youth musician from the band Killing Joke was named after Big Youth The cross over appeal of Big Youth was increased by his signing to the Front Line record label John Lydon was instrumental in Richard Branson s decision to set up the Front Line record label which was a project established by Virgin Records with the intention of promoting Roots Reggae and Dub Reggae in the late 1970s Big Youth s influence was further established and deepened in the 1990s and early 2000s when respected Reggae historian scholar and archivist Steve Barrow set up the Blood and Fire record label which re issued Big Youth s rarest most sought after most prized and most esoteric work Discography Edit Big Youth performing in 2010 Chi Chi Run Fab 1972 feat Big Youth on four out of eleven tracks Screaming Target Trojan 1973 Reggae Phenomenon Augustus Buchanen 1974 Dreadlocks Dread Klick 1975 Cool Breeze Ride Like Lightning The Best of Big Youth 1972 1976 Natty Cultural Dread Trojan 1976 Hit the Road Jack Trojan 1976 Reggae Gi Dem Dub Nicola Delita 1978 Isaiah First Prophet of Old Nicola Delita Caroline Records 1978 Progress Nicola Delita 1979 Everyday Skank The Best of Big Youth Trojan TRLS 189 1980 Rock Holy Negusa Negast 1980 Some Great Big Youth Heartbeat 1981 Chanting Dread Inna Fine Style Heartbeat 1982 Live at Reggae Sunsplash Genes 1983 A Luta Continua Heartbeat 1985 Manifestation Heartbeat 1988 Jamming in the House of Dread Danceteria 1991 Higher Grounds JR VP Records 1995 Save the children Declic 1995 Natty Universal Dread 1973 1979 Blood amp Fire 2000 Musicology Steven Stanley s studios Tuff Gong 2006 No Jestering Strictly Sensi Music with Sista Sensi 2016References Edit a b c d e f g h i j k Thompson Dave 2002 Reggae amp Caribbean Music Backbeat Books ISBN 0 87930 655 6 Du Noyer Paul 2003 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music 1st ed Fulham London Flame Tree Publishing p 366 ISBN 1 904041 96 5 a b c d e f g Colin Larkin ed 1992 The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music First ed Guinness Publishing p 244 ISBN 0 85112 939 0 a b Barrow Steve amp Dalton Peter 2004 The Rough Guide to Reggae ISBN 1 84353 329 4 jamaica www muzikifan com Retrieved 2 January 2023 YouTube Youtube com Archived from the original on 6 March 2016 External links EditBig Youth at Roots Archives BBC profile Big Youth on french siteArticlesBig Youth interview at IReggae Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Big Youth amp oldid 1131244408, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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