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Bhoodan movement

January 01, 1970

The Bhoodan movement (Land Gift movement), also known as the Bloodless Revolution, was a voluntary land reform movement in India.[1] It was initiated by Gandhian Vinoba Bhave[1] in 1951 at Pochampally village, Pochampally.

The Bhoodan movement attempted to persuade wealthy landowners to voluntarily give a percentage of their land to landless people. Bhave drew philosophical inspiration from the Sarvodaya movement and Gram Swarajya.

Method edit

Landless laborers were given small plots on which they could settle and grow their crops. This Act was passed so that the beneficiary had no right to sell the land or use it for non-agricultural purposes or forestry. For example, Section 25 of the Maharashtra State Bhoodan Act states that the beneficiary (who must be landless) should only use the land for subsistence cultivation. If the "owner" failed to cultivate the land for over a year or tried to use it for non-agriculture activities, the government would have the right to confiscate it.[2]

Bhave wanted peasants to give up using bullocks, tractors, or other machines for agricultural purposes. This was called rishi-kheti in Hindi. Bhave also wanted the people to give up using money in the form of kanchan-dan. The movement had the support of Congress. JP Narayan withdrew from active politics to join the Bhoodan movement in 1953.

History edit

Bhave crossed India on foot to persuade landowners to give up a piece of their land. His first success came on 18 April 1951 at Pochampally village in Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh[1] (now Telangana) which was the center of communist activity. It was the culmination of the Telangana peasant movement. A violent struggle had been launched by peasants against the local landlords.

Movement organizers had arranged for Bhave to stay at Pochampally, a village of about 700 families, of whom two-thirds were landless. Bhave visited the Harijan colony. By early afternoon, villagers began to gather around him. The Harijans asked for 80 acres (32 ha) of land, forty wet, forty dry, for forty families. Bhave asked, "If it is not possible to get land from the government, is there not something villagers themselves could do?"[1]

V. Ramachandra Reddy initially offered a donation of 100 acres (40 ha) of his 3,500 acres (14 km2) land. Later, he donated 800 acres (3.2 km2).[1] He joined social reform.[3] After him, the land donation movement continued under a Bhoodan trust movement with the help of his sons. The 7th Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan also donated 14,000 acres (57 km2) of his personal land to the Bhoodan movement.[4][5]

Other landowners including Raja Bahadur Giriwar Narayan Singh, C.B.E. and Raja of Ranka (Garhwa Jharkhand) donated a combined 102,001 acres (412.78 km2) acres to the Bhoodan initiative, the largest donation in India.[6]

Maharaja Kamakhya Narain Singh Bahadur of Ramgarh Raj donated 200,000 acres (810 km2) of land to Vinoba Bhave and others under the Bihar Bhoodan Yagna Act, before the institution of the suit, making it the biggest donation from any king.[7]

During Vinoba Bhave's Surajgarh visit, he was welcomed by headmaster Rambilas Sharma, who was instrumental in spreading the Bhoodan movement in the Jhunjhunu district in the late 1950s and early 1960s.[8][9]

The initial objective of the movement was to secure voluntary donations and distribute them to the landless but soon came to demand 1/6 of all private land. In 1952, the movement widened the concept of gram dan[1] ("village in gift" or the donation of an entire village) and started advocating common ownership of land. The first village to come under gramdan was Mangroth in Hamirpur district of Uttar Pradesh. The second and third gramdan took place in Orissa in 1955.

Legacy edit

This movement developed into a village gift or gramdan movement and was a part of a comprehensive movement for establishing a Sarvodaya society (the rise of all socio-economic-political order), both in and outside India.[10]

By the 1960s, the movement had lost momentum. The Sarvodaya Samaj failed to build a mass movement that would generate pressure for social transformation. However, the movement made a significant contribution by creating moral ambivalence, putting pressure on landlords, and creating conditions favorable to the landless.[11]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Agriculture" (PDF). Social Science Contemporary India II: Textbook in Geography for Class X. New Delhi: NCERT. 2019. p. 43. ISBN 978-81-7450-644-3. OCLC 1152150287.
  2. ^ Grover, Neha (9 November 2022). "Bhoodan Movement - Agriculture Notes". Prepp. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  3. ^ . 2009-11-25. Archived from the original on 2009-11-25. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  4. ^ "A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NIZAMS OF HYDERABAD". outlookindia.com. August 5, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  5. ^ "Much of Bhoodan land found to be under encroachment in city". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Sep 4, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  6. ^ "Documents of the ... Conference of All India Kisan Sabha". All India Kisan Sabha. 1954. p. 14. Giriwar Prasad Narain Singh, Raja of Ranka (Palamau district) donated (!) 1,02,001 acres
  7. ^ State Of Bihar vs Ramgarh Farms And Industries Ltd.
  8. ^ Headmasterji-The man with literacy mission. Partridge India Publishing. 2016. p. 230. ISBN 9781482857634.
  9. ^ Sandeep., Sharma (2016). Headmasterji : The Man With Literacy Mission. Partridge India. ISBN 978-1-4828-5763-4. OCLC 1152292663.
  10. ^ . 2011-06-11. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  11. ^ India since independence - Bipin Chandra

Additional reading edit

  • Bhoodan and the Landless, S. V. Khandewale and K. R. Nanekar, Popular Prakashan, 1973
  • Bhoodan Movement in India: An Economic Assessment, Raghavendra Nath Misra, New Delhi: S. Chand and Company Pvt Ltd, 1972.
  • Moved by Love, Vinoba Bhave, Paramdhan Prakashan, 1994.

External links edit

  • Vinoba Bhave: Bhoodan Movement (Land Gift Movement) (online book) put

January 01, 1970
bhoodan, movement, land, gift, movement, also, known, bloodless, revolution, voluntary, land, reform, movement, india, initiated, gandhian, vinoba, bhave, 1951, pochampally, village, pochampally, attempted, persuade, wealthy, landowners, voluntarily, give, per. The Bhoodan movement Land Gift movement also known as the Bloodless Revolution was a voluntary land reform movement in India 1 It was initiated by Gandhian Vinoba Bhave 1 in 1951 at Pochampally village Pochampally The Bhoodan movement attempted to persuade wealthy landowners to voluntarily give a percentage of their land to landless people Bhave drew philosophical inspiration from the Sarvodaya movement and Gram Swarajya Contents 1 Method 2 History 3 Legacy 4 References 5 Additional reading 6 External linksMethod editLandless laborers were given small plots on which they could settle and grow their crops This Act was passed so that the beneficiary had no right to sell the land or use it for non agricultural purposes or forestry For example Section 25 of the Maharashtra State Bhoodan Act states that the beneficiary who must be landless should only use the land for subsistence cultivation If the owner failed to cultivate the land for over a year or tried to use it for non agriculture activities the government would have the right to confiscate it 2 Bhave wanted peasants to give up using bullocks tractors or other machines for agricultural purposes This was called rishi kheti in Hindi Bhave also wanted the people to give up using money in the form of kanchan dan The movement had the support of Congress JP Narayan withdrew from active politics to join the Bhoodan movement in 1953 History editBhave crossed India on foot to persuade landowners to give up a piece of their land His first success came on 18 April 1951 at Pochampally village in Nalgonda district Andhra Pradesh 1 now Telangana which was the center of communist activity It was the culmination of the Telangana peasant movement A violent struggle had been launched by peasants against the local landlords Movement organizers had arranged for Bhave to stay at Pochampally a village of about 700 families of whom two thirds were landless Bhave visited the Harijan colony By early afternoon villagers began to gather around him The Harijans asked for 80 acres 32 ha of land forty wet forty dry for forty families Bhave asked If it is not possible to get land from the government is there not something villagers themselves could do 1 V Ramachandra Reddy initially offered a donation of 100 acres 40 ha of his 3 500 acres 14 km2 land Later he donated 800 acres 3 2 km2 1 He joined social reform 3 After him the land donation movement continued under a Bhoodan trust movement with the help of his sons The 7th Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan also donated 14 000 acres 57 km2 of his personal land to the Bhoodan movement 4 5 Other landowners including Raja Bahadur Giriwar Narayan Singh C B E and Raja of Ranka Garhwa Jharkhand donated a combined 102 001 acres 412 78 km2 acres to the Bhoodan initiative the largest donation in India 6 Maharaja Kamakhya Narain Singh Bahadur of Ramgarh Raj donated 200 000 acres 810 km2 of land to Vinoba Bhave and others under the Bihar Bhoodan Yagna Act before the institution of the suit making it the biggest donation from any king 7 During Vinoba Bhave s Surajgarh visit he was welcomed by headmaster Rambilas Sharma who was instrumental in spreading the Bhoodan movement in the Jhunjhunu district in the late 1950s and early 1960s 8 9 The initial objective of the movement was to secure voluntary donations and distribute them to the landless but soon came to demand 1 6 of all private land In 1952 the movement widened the concept of gram dan 1 village in gift or the donation of an entire village and started advocating common ownership of land The first village to come under gramdan was Mangroth in Hamirpur district of Uttar Pradesh The second and third gramdan took place in Orissa in 1955 Legacy editThis movement developed into a village gift or gramdan movement and was a part of a comprehensive movement for establishing a Sarvodaya society the rise of all socio economic political order both in and outside India 10 By the 1960s the movement had lost momentum The Sarvodaya Samaj failed to build a mass movement that would generate pressure for social transformation However the movement made a significant contribution by creating moral ambivalence putting pressure on landlords and creating conditions favorable to the landless 11 References edit a b c d e f Agriculture PDF Social Science Contemporary India II Textbook in Geography for Class X New Delhi NCERT 2019 p 43 ISBN 978 81 7450 644 3 OCLC 1152150287 Grover Neha 9 November 2022 Bhoodan Movement Agriculture Notes Prepp Retrieved 27 July 2023 The Hindu Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad News Bhoodan board to take on encroachers 2009 11 25 Archived from the original on 2009 11 25 Retrieved 2021 06 30 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NIZAMS OF HYDERABAD outlookindia com August 5 2017 Retrieved June 17 2018 Much of Bhoodan land found to be under encroachment in city timesofindia indiatimes com Sep 4 2016 Retrieved June 17 2018 Documents of the Conference of All India Kisan Sabha All India Kisan Sabha 1954 p 14 Giriwar Prasad Narain Singh Raja of Ranka Palamau district donated 1 02 001 acres State Of Bihar vs Ramgarh Farms And Industries Ltd Headmasterji The man with literacy mission Partridge India Publishing 2016 p 230 ISBN 9781482857634 Sandeep Sharma 2016 Headmasterji The Man With Literacy Mission Partridge India ISBN 978 1 4828 5763 4 OCLC 1152292663 Bhoodan Movement 2011 06 11 Archived from the original on 2011 06 11 Retrieved 2021 06 30 India since independence Bipin ChandraAdditional reading editBhoodan and the Landless S V Khandewale and K R Nanekar Popular Prakashan 1973 Bhoodan Movement in India An Economic Assessment Raghavendra Nath Misra New Delhi S Chand and Company Pvt Ltd 1972 Moved by Love Vinoba Bhave Paramdhan Prakashan 1994 External links editVinoba Bhave Bhoodan Movement Land Gift Movement online book put Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bhoodan movement amp oldid 1212750299, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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