Beledweyne
Beledweyne (Somali: Beledweyne, Arabic: بلد وين, Italian: Belet Uen) is a city in central Somalia. Beledweyne District is the capital city of the Hiran region.
Beledweyne Beled Weyne | |
|---|---|
City | |
Aerial view of Beledweyne | |
| Nickname: Beled Barwaaqo | |
Beledweyne Location within Somalia Beledweyne Location within the Horn of Africa Beledweyne Location within Africa | |
| Coordinates: 04°44′09″N 045°12′13″E / 4.73583°N 45.20361°ECoordinates: 04°44′09″N 045°12′13″E / 4.73583°N 45.20361°E | |
| Country | Somalia |
| State | Hirshabelle |
| Region | Hiran |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Nadar Tabah Maalin |
| Area | |
| • Total | 50 km2 (20 sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
The city is situated in the Shebelle Valley riverine near the Ethiopian border, 210 miles (345 km) north of Mogadishu. Beledweyne is divided by the Shebelle River into eastern and western sections.[1] In 2019, Safiya Jimale became the first female mayor in Somalia.[2]
History
Formely called Bulo Macanne (The Village of the Makanne People) in the early colonial period, Beledweyne grew to become a flourishing town and district by 1950.
There were battles in 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2011. In December 2011, the Transitional Federal Government took control of Beledweyne from jihadist group al-Shabaab. Somali National Army (SNA) soldiers and around 3,000 allied Ethiopian Army troops descended on the city, capturing it following several hours of fighting.[3] In October 2013, additional SNA and AMISOM troops were deployed to the town to firm up on security after al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for a suicide bomb attack at a local cafeteria.[4]
In 2009, an al-Shabaab suicide car bomber killed 57 people at a hotel. In 2013, they killed 16 people at a restaurant in October and 19 people at a police station in November. In February 2022, an al-Shabaab suicide bomber killed 14 people at a restaurant.[5] In March 2022, they killed over 50 people in a series of attacks.
Municipality
On May 7, 2012, Beledweyne held its first mayoral elections since the start of the civil war in the early 1990s. Two hundred delegates took part in the contest, which was overseen by the Hiran region's head of elections, Sadaq Omar Sabriye. Mohamed Hassan Nuriye emerged as the new city mayor, obtaining 135 votes versus 11 and 8 votes, respectively, for the two nearest competitors.[6]
In his first day in office, Mayor Nuriye officially banned firearms within the city limits. He also warned that people found contravening the edict would have their weapons impounded and could face imprisonment. In addition, Nuriye indicated that for security reasons, government soldiers who were not on patrol should remain within their bases. Soldiers would likewise only be permitted to carry weapons in the city while conducting security operations.[7]
To further tighten up on security, Beledweyne municipality over a three-day period started simultaneously registering all local residents.[7] Mayor Nuriye also unveiled plans for a citywide beautification campaign.[7] In July 2012, his administration imposed a two-day night-time curfew in Beledweyne, while government soldiers demolished structures that had been illegally erected along the area's main road in one of the Municipality's first urban renewal initiatives.[8]
In March 2015, the Beledweyne municipality launched a civilian tax collection program in the city. The tax revenue is earmarked for essential public social services. Additionally, the city government is slated to register all local businesses, which will further facilitate tax gathering. The municipal authorities are also scheduled to set up a new citywide house numbering system.[9]
Transportation
Beledweyne is served by Beledweyne Airport. As of February 2015, the Djibouti Defense Forces have refurbished the airstrip.[10]
Demographics
The district has a total population of 329,811 with 79/21 percent rural/urban divide, and it is inhabited by various clans from the Hawiye group, including the Hawadle, the Galjecel, the Jejele, and the Bantu Makane.[11]
Climate
Beledweyne has a hot arid climate (Köppen climate classification BWh). Between March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in the city is 36.7 °C or 98.1 °F. In January and February, the average daily minimum temperature is 21.8 °C or 71.2 °F.
| Climate data for Beledweyne, Somalia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.5 (106.7) | 42.5 (108.5) | 43.0 (109.4) | 43.0 (109.4) | 41.3 (106.3) | 39.0 (102.2) | 39.0 (102.2) | 39.0 (102.2) | 40.2 (104.4) | 45.0 (113.0) | 40.0 (104.0) | 42.0 (107.6) | 45.0 (113.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 34.5 (94.1) | 35.4 (95.7) | 36.7 (98.1) | 36.9 (98.4) | 34.9 (94.8) | 34.0 (93.2) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.8 (92.8) | 35.3 (95.5) | 34.4 (93.9) | 34.8 (94.6) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.8 (94.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.7 (83.7) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.4 (86.7) | 29.2 (84.6) | 28.4 (83.1) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.7 (81.9) | 29.0 (84.2) | 28.7 (83.7) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.7 (83.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.4 (74.1) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.6 (72.7) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.6 (72.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.0 (60.8) | 18.0 (64.4) | 17.0 (62.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.3 (61.3) | 17.2 (63.0) | 17.0 (62.6) | 15.0 (59.0) | 15.0 (59.0) | 15.0 (59.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.0) | 5 (0.2) | 48 (1.9) | 59 (2.3) | 6 (0.2) | 3 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 8 (0.3) | 51 (2.0) | 16 (0.6) | 5 (0.2) | 204 (8.0) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 58 | 57 | 57 | 60 | 64 | 61 | 65 | 64 | 59 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 61 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 288.3 | 276.9 | 288.3 | 243.0 | 272.8 | 249.0 | 201.5 | 232.5 | 246.0 | 223.2 | 243.0 | 269.7 | 3,034.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 80 | 79 | 65 | 53 | 54 | 61 | 54 | 62 | 62 | 57 | 60 | 69 | 63 |
| Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine)[13] | |||||||||||||
Notable residents
- Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, first President of Somalia
- Omar Hashi Aen National Security Minister
Notes
- ^ The Islamic Movement in Somalia. 2015-04-30. ISBN 9781912234035. from the original on 2023-04-15. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
- ^ . 28 May 2019. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ "Ethiopian troops capture Beledweyne from Somalia militants". BBC News. December 31, 2011. from the original on 2011-12-31. Retrieved 2011-12-31.
- ^ . Raxanreeb. 20 October 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ^ "Suicide bombing kills 14 in Somali restaurant". The Guardian. 19 February 2022. from the original on 19 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ^ "Beledweyne finally gets elected mayor". Bar-Kulan. from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
- ^ a b c "Newly appointed Beledweyne mayor bans firearms in the city". Bar-Kulan. from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
- ^ "Nighttime curfew imposed on Beledweyne". Bar-kulan. from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
- ^ "Residents of Baladweyne Told To Pay Taxes". Goobjoog. 16 March 2015. from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- ^ "Chief of the Djibouti Defence Forces Major General Zakaria Sheikh arrives Beledweyn, Hiran". Goobjoog. 19 February 2015. from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ "Sector IV Profile: Belet Weyne" (PDF). amisom-au.org. AMISOM (African Union Mission in Somalia). (PDF) from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
- ^ . Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 2016-10-05. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
References
- Beledweyne, Somalia