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Battle of Haengju

March 12, 2024

The Battle of Haengju took place on 14 March 1593 during the 1592–1598 Japanese invasion of Korea. The Japanese attack failed to overcome Haengju fortress.

Siege of Haengju Fortress
Part of Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
Date14 March 1593
Location
On the Han River west of Hanseong, Joseon Korea
37°35′44″N 126°49′44″E / 37.59556°N 126.82889°E / 37.59556; 126.82889
Result Joseon victory
Belligerents
Joseon Toyotomi Japan
Commanders and leaders
Gwon Yul Ukita Hideie
Konishi Yukinaga
Kuroda Nagamasa
Ishida Mitsunari
Kobayakawa Takakage
Strength
2,300[1] 30,000[1]
Casualties and losses
? 110+[2] (likely much more since the Japanese took the dead back with them)[3]
class=notpageimage|
Battle location on a map of modern Seoul
Battle of Haengju (South Korea)
Battle of Haengju
Hangul
행주대첩
Hanja
幸州大捷
Revised RomanizationHaengju Daecheop
McCune–ReischauerHaengchu Taech'ŏp
The Koreans used the hwacha for concentrated fire against the Japanese.

Background edit

Gwon Yul was stationed at the fortress of Haengju, a wooden stockade on a cliff over the Han River. Haengju posed a threat to Hanseong (modern Seoul) due to its proximity so the Japanese attacked it in March.[1]

The attack edit

The Japanese attack led by Konishi Yukinaga happened on 14 March 1593 with 30,000 men. They took turns attacking the stockade due to the limited space. The Koreans retaliated with arrows, cannons, and hwacha.[1]

After three attacks, one with siege tower, and one where Ishida Mitsunari was wounded, Ukita Hideie managed to breach the outer defenses and reach the inner wall. However he was wounded as well and had to fall back.[4]

In the last attack Kobayakawa Takakage burned a hole through the fort's log pilings, but the Koreans managed to hold them back long enough for it to be repaired.[4]

When the Koreans had nearly run out of arrows, I Bun arrived with supply ships containing 10,000 more arrows, and they continued to fight on until dusk when the Japanese retreated.[4]

Aftermath edit

Aside from the defeat, the Japanese situation became even more tenuous after Zha Dashou led a small group of raiders to Hanseong, burning more than 6,500 tons of grain. This left the Japanese with less than a month of provisions.[5][6]

After several negotiations with Shen Weijing, the Japanese abandoned Hanseong on 17 May 1593. What Li Rusong and Song Yingchang witnessed upon entering the city was a people who "looked like ghosts."[7]

See also edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 318.
  2. ^ Swope 2009, p. 168.
  3. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 322.
  4. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 321.
  5. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 323.
  6. ^ Swope 2009, p. 167.
  7. ^ Swope 2009, p. 170.

Bibliography edit

  • Alagappa, Muthiah (2003), Asian Security Order: Instrumental and Normative Features, Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-4629-X
  • Arano, Yasunori (2005), The Formation of a Japanocentric World Order, International Journal of Asian Studies
  • Brown, Delmer M. (May 1948), "The Impact of Firearms on Japanese Warfare, 1543–1598", The Far Eastern Quarterly, 7 (3): 236–53, doi:10.2307/2048846, JSTOR 2048846, S2CID 162924328
  • Eikenberry, Karl W. (1988), "The Imjin War", Military Review, 68 (2): 74–82
  • Ha, Tae-hung; Sohn, Pow-key (1977), 'Nanjung Ilgi: War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun-sin, Yonsei University Press, ISBN 89-7141-018-3
  • Haboush, JaHyun Kim (2016), The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation
  • Hawley, Samuel (2005), The Imjin War, The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch/UC Berkeley Press, ISBN 89-954424-2-5
  • Jang, Pyun-soon (1998), Noon-eu-ro Bo-nen Han-gook-yauk-sa 5: Gor-yeo Si-dae (눈으로 보는 한국역사 5: 고려시대), Park Doo-ui, Bae Keum-ram, Yi Sang-mi, Kim Ho-hyun, Kim Pyung-sook, et al., Joog-ang Gyo-yook-yaun-goo-won. 1998-10-30. Seoul, Korea.
  • Kim, Ki-chung (Fall 1999), "Resistance, Abduction, and Survival: The Documentary Literature of the Imjin War (1592–8)", Korean Culture, 20 (3): 20–29
  • Kim, Yung-sik (1998), "Problems and Possibilities in the Study of the History of Korean Science", Osiris, 2nd Series, 13: 48–79, doi:10.1086/649280, JSTOR 301878, S2CID 143724260
  • 桑田忠親 [Kuwata, Tadachika], ed., 舊參謀本部編纂, [Kyu Sanbo Honbu], 朝鮮の役 [Chousen no Eki]　(日本の戰史 [Nihon no Senshi] Vol.5), 1965.
  • Neves, Jaime Ramalhete (1994), "The Portuguese in the Im-Jim War?", Review of Culture, 18: 20–24
  • Niderost, Eric (June 2001), "Turtleboat Destiny: The Imjin War and Yi Sun Shin", Military Heritage, 2 (6): 50–59, 89
  • Niderost, Eric (January 2002), "The Miracle at Myongnyang, 1597", Osprey Military Journal, 4 (1): 44–50
  • Park, Yune-hee (1973), Admiral Yi Sun-shin and His Turtleboat Armada: A Comprehensive Account of the Resistance of Korea to the 16th Century Japanese Invasion, Shinsaeng Press
  • Rockstein, Edward D. (1993), Strategic And Operational Aspects of Japan's Invasions of Korea 1592–1598 1993-6-18, Naval War College
  • Sadler, A. L. (June 1937), "The Naval Campaign in the Korean War of Hideyoshi (1592–1598)", Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Second Series, 14: 179–208
  • Sansom, George (1961), A History of Japan 1334–1615, Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-0525-9
  • Sohn, Pow-key (April–June 1959), "Early Korean Painting", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 79 (2): 96–103, doi:10.2307/595851, JSTOR 595851
  • Stramigioli, Giuliana (December 1954), "Hideyoshi's Expansionist Policy on the Asiatic Mainland", Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Third Series, 3: 74–116
  • Strauss, Barry (Summer 2005), "Korea's Legendary Admiral", MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History, 17 (4): 52–61
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (2006), "Beyond Turtleboats: Siege Accounts from Hideyoshi's Second Invasion of Korea, 1597–1598", Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies, 6 (2): 177–206
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (2005), "Crouching Tigers, Secret Weapons: Military Technology Employed During the Sino-Japanese-Korean War, 1592–1598", The Journal of Military History: 69, 11–42
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (December 2002), "Deceit, Disguise, and Dependence: China, Japan, and the Future of the Tributary System, 1592–1596", The International History Review, 24 (4): 757–1008, doi:10.1080/07075332.2002.9640980, S2CID 154827808
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (2009), A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598, University of Oklahoma Press
  • Turnbull, Stephen (2002), Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War 1592–98, Cassell & Co, ISBN 0-304-35948-3
  • Turnbull, Stephen (2008), The Samurai Invasion of Korea 1592-98, Osprey Publishing Ltd
  • Turnbull, Stephen (1998), The Samurai Sourcebook, Cassell & Co, ISBN 1-85409-523-4
  • Villiers, John (1980), SILK and Silver: Macau, Manila and Trade in the China Seas in the Sixteenth Century (A lecture delivered to the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society at the Hong Kong Club. 10 June 1980) (PDF), The HKUL Digital Initiatives
  • Yi, Min-woong (2004), Imjin Wae-ran Haejeonsa: The Naval Battles of the Imjin War [임진왜란 해전사], Chongoram Media [청어람미디어], ISBN 89-89722-49-7

External links edit

  • Haengju Mountain Fortress
  • 행주산성 2005-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
  • 역사스페셜 – 승리를 이끈 하이테크 신무기

March 12, 2024
battle, haengju, took, place, march, 1593, during, 1592, 1598, japanese, invasion, korea, japanese, attack, failed, overcome, haengju, fortress, siege, haengju, fortresspart, japanese, invasions, korea, 1592, 1598, date14, march, 1593locationon, river, west, h. The Battle of Haengju took place on 14 March 1593 during the 1592 1598 Japanese invasion of Korea The Japanese attack failed to overcome Haengju fortress Siege of Haengju FortressPart of Japanese invasions of Korea 1592 1598 Date14 March 1593LocationOn the Han River west of Hanseong Joseon Korea37 35 44 N 126 49 44 E 37 59556 N 126 82889 E 37 59556 126 82889ResultJoseon victoryBelligerentsJoseonToyotomi JapanCommanders and leadersGwon YulUkita HideieKonishi YukinagaKuroda NagamasaIshida MitsunariKobayakawa TakakageStrength2 300 1 30 000 1 Casualties and losses 110 2 likely much more since the Japanese took the dead back with them 3 class notpageimage Battle location on a map of modern SeoulShow map of SeoulBattle of Haengju South Korea Show map of South Korea Battle of HaengjuHangul행주대첩Hanja幸州大捷Revised RomanizationHaengju DaecheopMcCune ReischauerHaengchu Taech ŏpThe Koreans used the hwacha for concentrated fire against the Japanese Contents 1 Background 2 The attack 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 Citations 6 Bibliography 7 External linksBackground editGwon Yul was stationed at the fortress of Haengju a wooden stockade on a cliff over the Han River Haengju posed a threat to Hanseong modern Seoul due to its proximity so the Japanese attacked it in March 1 The attack editThe Japanese attack led by Konishi Yukinaga happened on 14 March 1593 with 30 000 men They took turns attacking the stockade due to the limited space The Koreans retaliated with arrows cannons and hwacha 1 After three attacks one with siege tower and one where Ishida Mitsunari was wounded Ukita Hideie managed to breach the outer defenses and reach the inner wall However he was wounded as well and had to fall back 4 In the last attack Kobayakawa Takakage burned a hole through the fort s log pilings but the Koreans managed to hold them back long enough for it to be repaired 4 When the Koreans had nearly run out of arrows I Bun arrived with supply ships containing 10 000 more arrows and they continued to fight on until dusk when the Japanese retreated 4 Aftermath editAside from the defeat the Japanese situation became even more tenuous after Zha Dashou led a small group of raiders to Hanseong burning more than 6 500 tons of grain This left the Japanese with less than a month of provisions 5 6 After several negotiations with Shen Weijing the Japanese abandoned Hanseong on 17 May 1593 What Li Rusong and Song Yingchang witnessed upon entering the city was a people who looked like ghosts 7 See also editCastles in Korea 1592 1598 Japanese invasion of Korea Gwon YulCitations edit a b c d Hawley 2005 p 318 Swope 2009 p 168 Hawley 2005 p 322 a b c Hawley 2005 p 321 Hawley 2005 p 323 Swope 2009 p 167 Swope 2009 p 170 Bibliography editAlagappa Muthiah 2003 Asian Security Order Instrumental and Normative Features Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 4629 X Arano Yasunori 2005 The Formation of a Japanocentric World Order International Journal of Asian Studies Brown Delmer M May 1948 The Impact of Firearms on Japanese Warfare 1543 1598 The Far Eastern Quarterly 7 3 236 53 doi 10 2307 2048846 JSTOR 2048846 S2CID 162924328 Eikenberry Karl W 1988 The Imjin War Military Review 68 2 74 82 Ha Tae hung Sohn Pow key 1977 Nanjung Ilgi War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun sin Yonsei University Press ISBN 89 7141 018 3 Haboush JaHyun Kim 2016 The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation Hawley Samuel 2005 The Imjin War The Royal Asiatic Society Korea Branch UC Berkeley Press ISBN 89 954424 2 5 Jang Pyun soon 1998 Noon eu ro Bo nen Han gook yauk sa 5 Gor yeo Si dae 눈으로 보는 한국역사 5 고려시대 Park Doo ui Bae Keum ram Yi Sang mi Kim Ho hyun Kim Pyung sook et al Joog ang Gyo yook yaun goo won 1998 10 30 Seoul Korea Kim Ki chung Fall 1999 Resistance Abduction and Survival The Documentary Literature of the Imjin War 1592 8 Korean Culture 20 3 20 29 Kim Yung sik 1998 Problems and Possibilities in the Study of the History of Korean Science Osiris 2nd Series 13 48 79 doi 10 1086 649280 JSTOR 301878 S2CID 143724260 桑田忠親 Kuwata Tadachika ed 舊參謀本部編纂 Kyu Sanbo Honbu 朝鮮の役 Chousen no Eki 日本の戰史 Nihon no Senshi Vol 5 1965 Neves Jaime Ramalhete 1994 The Portuguese in the Im Jim War Review of Culture 18 20 24 Niderost Eric June 2001 Turtleboat Destiny The Imjin War and Yi Sun Shin Military Heritage 2 6 50 59 89 Niderost Eric January 2002 The Miracle at Myongnyang 1597 Osprey Military Journal 4 1 44 50 Park Yune hee 1973 Admiral Yi Sun shin and His Turtleboat Armada A Comprehensive Account of the Resistance of Korea to the 16th Century Japanese Invasion Shinsaeng Press Rockstein Edward D 1993 Strategic And Operational Aspects of Japan s Invasions of Korea 1592 1598 1993 6 18 Naval War College Sadler A L June 1937 The Naval Campaign in the Korean War of Hideyoshi 1592 1598 Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan Second Series 14 179 208 Sansom George 1961 A History of Japan 1334 1615 Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 0525 9 Sohn Pow key April June 1959 Early Korean Painting Journal of the American Oriental Society 79 2 96 103 doi 10 2307 595851 JSTOR 595851 Stramigioli Giuliana December 1954 Hideyoshi s Expansionist Policy on the Asiatic Mainland Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan Third Series 3 74 116 Strauss Barry Summer 2005 Korea s Legendary Admiral MHQ The Quarterly Journal of Military History 17 4 52 61 Swope Kenneth M 2006 Beyond Turtleboats Siege Accounts from Hideyoshi s Second Invasion of Korea 1597 1598 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies 6 2 177 206 Swope Kenneth M 2005 Crouching Tigers Secret Weapons Military Technology Employed During the Sino Japanese Korean War 1592 1598 The Journal of Military History 69 11 42 Swope Kenneth M December 2002 Deceit Disguise and Dependence China Japan and the Future of the Tributary System 1592 1596 The International History Review 24 4 757 1008 doi 10 1080 07075332 2002 9640980 S2CID 154827808 Swope Kenneth M 2009 A Dragon s Head and a Serpent s Tail Ming China and the First Great East Asian War 1592 1598 University of Oklahoma Press Turnbull Stephen 2002 Samurai Invasion Japan s Korean War 1592 98 Cassell amp Co ISBN 0 304 35948 3 Turnbull Stephen 2008 The Samurai Invasion of Korea 1592 98 Osprey Publishing Ltd Turnbull Stephen 1998 The Samurai Sourcebook Cassell amp Co ISBN 1 85409 523 4 Villiers John 1980 SILK and Silver Macau Manila and Trade in the China Seas in the Sixteenth Century A lecture delivered to the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society at the Hong Kong Club 10 June 1980 PDF The HKUL Digital Initiatives Yi Min woong 2004 Imjin Wae ran Haejeonsa The Naval Battles of the Imjin War 임진왜란 해전사 Chongoram Media 청어람미디어 ISBN 89 89722 49 7External links editHaengju Mountain Fortress 행주산성 Archived 2005 12 17 at the Wayback Machine 역사스페셜 승리를 이끈 하이테크 신무기 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of Haengju amp oldid 1211214355, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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