The Battle of Kwiju, also known as the Battle of Kuju, which occurred in 1019, was the major battle during the Third Goryeo–Khitan War (1018-1019), fought between the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China and the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
After crossing the Amnok River, the Liao dynasty troops invaded the Goryeo dynasty. The Goryeo general Kang Kam-ch'an dammed a stream and released it as the Liao troops were crossing. Despite suffering significant casualties, Liao troops marched to Gaegyeong, the capital of Goryeo.
During their campaign, general Kang Kam-ch'an cut the supplies of the Liao troops and harassed them relentlessly. Exhausted, the Liao troops decided to retreat hastily northward. Monitoring the movement of their troops, general Kang Kamch'an attacked them in the vicinity of Gwiju, ending in a complete victory for the Goryeo dynasty.[6]
After the battle, peace negotiations followed and the Liao dynasty did not invade Korea again.[3][7] Korea agreed to break off relations with the Song and have tributary relations with the Liao, but kept its newly gained territories at the Yalu river.[8] According to historian Bielenstein however, Goryeo maintained diplomatic relations with Song rather than break relations, Hyeonjong kept his own reign title, and the Goryeo and Liao had concluded peace as equals in 1022.[9] After the conflict's end, Korea entered in a long and peaceful period with its foreign neighbours across the Yalu River.
^Yu, Chai-Shin (2012). The New History of Korean Civilization. iUniverse. p. 71. ISBN9781462055593. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
^Twitchett, Denis C.; Franke, Herbert; Fairbank, John King (1978). The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368. Cambridge University Press. pp. 111–112. ISBN9780521243315. Retrieved 30 July 2016. In 1018 a huge new expeditionary force was mobilized by the Khitan and placed under the command of Hsiao P'ai-ya. The army crossed the Yalu late in 1018 but was ambushed by a superior Koryŏ force, suffering severe losses. The Koryŏ army had also cut their line of retreat, and so Hsiao P'ai-ya marched south, planning to take the capital Kaegyŏng, as in 1011. But this time the Koreans had prepared defenses around the capital, and the Khitan, constantly harried by Korean attacks, were forced to retreat toward the Yalu. At Kuju, between the Ch'a and T'o rivers, they were encircled and attacked by the main Koryŏ forces, which almost annihilated the Khitan army. Only a few thousand men managed to return to the Liao border. This was by far the worst defeat suffered by the Khitan during Sheng-tsung's reign, and in consequence Hsiao P'ai-ya was stripped of all his titles and offices and disgraced.
^Rossabi, Morris (1983-05-20). China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 323. ISBN9780520045620. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
^"고려사절요 > 高麗史節要 卷3 > 顯宗元文大王 > 顯宗 九年 > 12월 > 강감찬 등이 거란의 소손녕에게 맞서 대승을 거두다". 고려사절요.
^Yu, Chai-Shin (2012). The New History of Korean Civilization. iUniverse. p. 71. ISBN9781462055593. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
^Rossabi, Morris (1983-05-20). China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 323. ISBN9780520045620. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
^Rossabi, Morris (1983-05-20). China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 323. ISBN9780520045620. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
Rossabi, Morris (1983-05-20). China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors, 10th-14th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 323. ISBN9780520045620. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
Bielenstein, Hans (2005), Diplomacy and Trade in the Chinese World, 589–1276, BRILL, ISBN978-90-474-0761-4
April 17, 2024
battle, kuju, confused, with, siege, kuju, battle, kwiju, also, known, which, occurred, 1019, major, battle, during, third, goryeo, khitan, 1018, 1019, fought, between, khitan, liao, dynasty, china, goryeo, dynasty, korea, battle, kwijupart, third, goryeo, khi. Not to be confused with Siege of Kuju The Battle of Kwiju also known as the Battle of Kuju which occurred in 1019 was the major battle during the Third Goryeo Khitan War 1018 1019 fought between the Khitan led Liao dynasty of China and the Goryeo dynasty of Korea Battle of KwijuPart of Third Goryeo Khitan WarBattle of KwijuDate10 March 1019LocationKuju present day Kusong North PyonganResultGoryeo victory 1 2 BelligerentsLiao dynastyGoryeoCommanders and leadersXiao PaiyaKang Kamch an 3 Kang Minch ŏmKim ChonghyŏnStrength100 000 4 208 300 5 Casualties and losses90 000 few thousand Battle of KujuTraditional Chinese龜州大捷Simplified Chinese龟州大捷TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuizhōu dajieBattle of KujuHangul귀주대첩 or 구주대첩Hanja龜州大捷Revised RomanizationGwiju Daecheop or Guju DaecheopMcCune ReischauerKwiju Taech ŏp or Kuju Taech ŏpAfter crossing the Amnok River the Liao dynasty troops invaded the Goryeo dynasty The Goryeo general Kang Kam ch an dammed a stream and released it as the Liao troops were crossing Despite suffering significant casualties Liao troops marched to Gaegyeong the capital of Goryeo During their campaign general Kang Kam ch an cut the supplies of the Liao troops and harassed them relentlessly Exhausted the Liao troops decided to retreat hastily northward Monitoring the movement of their troops general Kang Kamch an attacked them in the vicinity of Gwiju ending in a complete victory for the Goryeo dynasty 6 Contents 1 Aftermath 2 See also 3 References 4 SourcesAftermath editAfter the battle peace negotiations followed and the Liao dynasty did not invade Korea again 3 7 Korea agreed to break off relations with the Song and have tributary relations with the Liao but kept its newly gained territories at the Yalu river 8 According to historian Bielenstein however Goryeo maintained diplomatic relations with Song rather than break relations Hyeonjong kept his own reign title and the Goryeo and Liao had concluded peace as equals in 1022 9 After the conflict s end Korea entered in a long and peaceful period with its foreign neighbours across the Yalu River See also editGoryeo Khitan Wars First Goryeo Khitan War Second Goryeo Khitan War Third Goryeo Khitan War Kang Kamch an Siege of KusongReferences edit Yu Chai Shin 2012 The New History of Korean Civilization iUniverse p 71 ISBN 9781462055593 Retrieved 30 July 2016 Twitchett Denis C Franke Herbert Fairbank John King 1978 The Cambridge History of China Volume 6 Alien Regimes and Border States 907 1368 Cambridge University Press pp 111 112 ISBN 9780521243315 Retrieved 30 July 2016 In 1018 a huge new expeditionary force was mobilized by the Khitan and placed under the command of Hsiao P ai ya The army crossed the Yalu late in 1018 but was ambushed by a superior Koryŏ force suffering severe losses The Koryŏ army had also cut their line of retreat and so Hsiao P ai ya marched south planning to take the capital Kaegyŏng as in 1011 But this time the Koreans had prepared defenses around the capital and the Khitan constantly harried by Korean attacks were forced to retreat toward the Yalu At Kuju between the Ch a and T o rivers they were encircled and attacked by the main Koryŏ forces which almost annihilated the Khitan army Only a few thousand men managed to return to the Liao border This was by far the worst defeat suffered by the Khitan during Sheng tsung s reign and in consequence Hsiao P ai ya was stripped of all his titles and offices and disgraced a b Battle of Guju Naver encyclopedia Rossabi Morris 1983 05 20 China Among Equals The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors 10th 14th Centuries University of California Press p 323 ISBN 9780520045620 Retrieved 30 July 2016 고려사절요 gt 高麗史節要 卷3 gt 顯宗元文大王 gt 顯宗 九年 gt 12월 gt 강감찬 등이 거란의 소손녕에게 맞서 대승을 거두다 고려사절요 Yu Chai Shin 2012 The New History of Korean Civilization iUniverse p 71 ISBN 9781462055593 Retrieved 30 July 2016 Rossabi Morris 1983 05 20 China Among Equals The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors 10th 14th Centuries University of California Press p 323 ISBN 9780520045620 Retrieved 30 July 2016 Rossabi Morris 1983 05 20 China Among Equals The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors 10th 14th Centuries University of California Press p 323 ISBN 9780520045620 Retrieved 30 July 2016 Bielenstein 2005 p 183 183 Sources editRossabi Morris 1983 05 20 China Among Equals The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors 10th 14th Centuries University of California Press p 323 ISBN 9780520045620 Retrieved 30 July 2016 Bielenstein Hans 2005 Diplomacy and Trade in the Chinese World 589 1276 BRILL ISBN 978 90 474 0761 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of Kuju amp oldid 1207365687, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
