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Base Realignment and Closure

December 23, 2023

"Base Realignment and Closure Act" redirects here. For the post-WWII act, see Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949.

Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC)[1][2] was a process[3] by a United States federal government commission[4] to increase the efficiency of the United States Department of Defense by coordinating the realignment and closure of military installations following the end of the Cold War. Over 350 installations were been closed in five BRAC rounds: 1988, 1991, 1993, 1995, and 2005. These five BRAC rounds constitute a combined savings of $12 billion annually.[5]

Background edit

The Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, passed after the 1947 reorganization of the National Military Establishment, reduced the number of US military bases, forts, posts, and stations. The subsequent 1950s buildup for the Cold War (e.g., during the Korean War) resulted in large numbers of new installations, such as the Permanent System radar stations and Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) control centers. By 1959, plans for even larger numbers of Cold War installations were canceled (e.g., DoD's June 19, 1959, Continental Air Defense Program reduced the number of Super Combat Center underground nuclear bunkers to 7). In 1958, US Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) began to replace Strategic Air Command bombers. From 1960–1964, the Eisenhower and Kennedy Administrations closed 574 U.S. military bases around the world, particularly after President John F. Kennedy was briefed after his inauguration that the missile gap was not a concern.[6]

1961 closures
On March 28, 1961, President Kennedy announced the closure of 73 military establishments.[7][8]
1964 closures
"In December 1963, Secretary McNamara announced the closure of twenty-six DOD installations or activities in the CONUS".[9]: 134 
1965 closures
Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara announced 95 base closures/realignments in November 1964: 80 in the United States (33 states & DC) and 15 overseas.[6] Closures included the Brooklyn Navy Yard, the Brooklyn Army Terminal, the Springfield Armory, six bomber bases, and 15 Air Defense Command radar stations—a realignment transferred Highlands Air Force Station to the adjacent Highlands Army Air Defense Site.[6]
1968 Project 693
Project 693[10] was established by Defense Secretary Clark Clifford during the Vietnam War for reducing programs and personnel, and the project also closed several military installations.[11]
1969 realignments
The DoD realigned 307 military bases beginning with an announcement in October 1969.[12]
1973 closures
224 closures were announced in 1973.[13][14]
1974 Project Concise
Project Concise eliminated most of the Project Nike missile locations which generally each had two sites, a radar station on an elevated landform for guidance and command/control, and a launch area that had launch rails and stored missiles and warheads. A 1976 follow-on program to Concise closed additional installations.
1983 Grace Commission
The Grace Commission was President Ronald Reagan's "Private Sector Survey" on cost control that concluded that "savings could be made in the military base structure" and recommended establishing an independent commission to study the issue. Public Law 100–526 endorsed the review in October 1988 and authorized the "special commission to recommend base realignments and closures" to the Secretary of Defense and provided relief from NEPA provisions that had hindered the base closure process.[9]: 156 
1988 Carlucci Commission
On May 3, 1988, the Carlucci Commission was chartered by Secretary of Defense Frank C. Carlucci,[9]: 156  which in December 1988 recommended closing five Air Force bases: Chanute Air Force Base in Illinois, George Air Force Base, Mather Air Force Base and Norton Air Force Base in California, and Pease Air Force Base in New Hampshire.[9]: 161 

Law edit

The Defense Base Realignment and Closure Act of 1990 provided "the basic framework for the transfer and disposal of military installations closed during the base realignment and closure (BRAC) process".[3] The process was created in 1988 to reduce pork barrel politics with members of Congress that arise when facilities face activity reductions.[15]

The most recent process began May 13, 2005, when Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld forwarded his recommendations for realignments and closures to the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Commission. The BRAC is an independent nine-member panel appointed by the President. This panel evaluated the list by taking testimony from interested parties and visiting affected bases. The BRAC Commission had the opportunity to add bases to the list and did so in a July 19, 2005, hearing. The Commission met its deadline of September 2005 to provide the evaluated list to the President, who approved the list with the condition that it could only be approved or disapproved in its entirety. On November 7, 2005, the approved list was then given to Congress, who had the opportunity to disapprove the entire list within 45 days by enacting a resolution of disapproval. This did not happen, and the BRAC Commission's recommendations became final.

Commissions edit

1988 edit

The 1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included:[16]

1990 edit

In 1990, the Navy considered cutting 34 military installations.[17]

1991 edit

The 1991 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included:[16]

1993 edit

The 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included:[16][18]

1995 edit

The 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included:[16][19]

2005 edit

The Pentagon released its proposed list for the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission on May 13, 2005 (a date given the moniker "BRAC Friday," a pun on Black Friday). After an extensive series of public hearings, analysis of DoD-supplied supporting data, and solicitation of comments from the public, the list of recommendations was revised by the 9-member Defense Base Closure and Realignments Commission in two days of public markups and votes on individual recommendations (the proceedings were broadcast by C-SPAN and are available for review on the network's website). The Commission submitted its revised list to the President on September 8, 2005. The President approved the list and notified Congress on September 15. The House of Representatives took up a joint resolution to disapprove the recommendations on October 26, but the resolution failed to pass. The recommendations were thereby enacted. The Secretary of Defense must implement the recommendations no later than September 15, 2011.

Twenty-six bases were realigned into 12 joint bases, with each joint base's installation support being led by the Army, the Air Force, or the Navy.[20] An example is Joint Base Lewis–McChord, Washington, combining Fort Lewis and McChord Air Force Base.

2015 edit

The 2005 Commission recommended that Congress authorize another BRAC round in 2015 and every eight years thereafter.[21] On May 10, 2012, the House Armed Services Committee rejected Pentagon calls for base closures outside of a 2015 round by a 44 to 18 vote.[22] Defense Secretary Leon Panetta had called for two rounds of base closures while at the same time arguing that the alternative of the sequester would be a "meat-ax" approach to cuts which would "hollow out" military forces.[23]

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 specifically prohibits authorization of future BRAC rounds.[24]

In May 2014, it was attempted to fund another round of BRAC, although funding was not approved in a vote in May of that year.[25]

In March 2015, the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment addressed the possibility of a future BRAC, indicating that the DOD, Defense Secretary Ash Carter was requesting authority to conduct another BRAC.[26]

In September 2015, at the tenth anniversary of the end of the most recent BRAC commission report, its former chairman Anthony J. Principi wrote, "Now is the time to do what's right for our men and women in uniform. Spending dollars on infrastructure that does not serve their needs is inexcusable."[27]

Appropriations edit

The following is a chronological timeline of authorizations for U.S. Congressional legislation related to US defense installation realignments and military base closures.

Date of Enactment Public Law Number U.S. Statute Citation U.S. Legislative Bill U.S. Presidential
Administration
October 24, 1988 P.L. 100-526 102 Stat. 2623 S. 2749 Ronald W. Reagan
November 5, 1990 P.L. 101-510 104 Stat. 1485 H.R. 4739 George H.W. Bush
October 3, 1995 P.L. 104-32 109 Stat. 283 H.R. 1817 William J. Clinton
September 16, 1996 P.L. 104-196 110 Stat. 2385 H.R. 3517 William J. Clinton
September 30, 1997 P.L. 105-45 111 Stat. 1142 H.R. 2016 William J. Clinton
September 20, 1998 P.L. 105-237 112 Stat. 1553 H.R. 4059 William J. Clinton
August 17, 1999 P.L. 106-52 113 Stat. 259 H.R. 2465 William J. Clinton
July 13, 2000 P.L. 106-246 114 Stat. 511 H.R. 4425 William J. Clinton
November 5, 2001 P.L. 107-64 115 Stat. 474 H.R. 2904 George W. Bush
October 23, 2002 P.L. 107-249 116 Stat. 1578 H.R. 5011 George W. Bush
November 22, 2003 P.L. 108-132 117 Stat. 1374 H.R. 2559 George W. Bush
October 13, 2004 P.L. 108-324 118 Stat. 1220 H.R. 4837 George W. Bush
2005 P.L. H.R. 4302 George W. Bush

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ . Archived from the original on May 15, 2005. Retrieved May 15, 2005.
  2. ^ "Explore Congressional Research Service Reports: List View UNT Digital Library". Digital.library.unt.edu. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  3. ^ a b Flynn, Aaron M. (February 23, 2005). "Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC): Property Transfer and Disposal" (abstract at University of Texas Digital Library). Congressional Research Service Reports. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
  4. ^ . Brac.gov. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  5. ^ "Base Closure and Realignment (BRAC): Background and Issues for Congress" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. April 25, 2019. p. 7. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c (PDF). The Daily Register. Red Bank, New Jersey. November 20, 1964. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 25, 2012. Retrieved October 12, 2011. McNamara Firm on Base Shutdowns … Temporary Team … Highlands Air Force Station … personnel will be inactivated by July 1966, leaving Army radar unit at base intact
  7. ^ "The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search". News.google.com. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  8. ^ . The American Presidency Project. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
  9. ^ a b c d Shaw, Frederick J., ed. (2004). Locating Air Force Base Sites: History's Legacy (Report). Vol. AFD-100928-010. Air Force History and Museums Program. The passage in October 1988 of Public Law 100–526 removed certain restrictive provisions of the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and allowed the first round of domestic base closings in nearly a decade. ...
  10. ^ Defense Agencies Summary: DoD Project 693, nd, fldr FY 1969 Budget, box 71, ASD(C) files, OSD Hist.
  11. ^ Drea, Edward J. (1984). (PDF) (Report). Vol. VI, Secretaries of Defense Historical Series. Historical Office, Office of the Secretary of Defense. ISBN 978-0-16-088135-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2013. the U.S. Air Force Strategic Air Command, denominated a specified command because, although part of the Air Force, it came under the operational control of the JCS.24 Clifford had appointed a group known as Project 693 to determine which programs to sacrifice when necessary.65 ... McNamara test, January 25 66, House Subcte No 2, HCAS, Hearing: Department of Defense Decision to Reduce the Number and Types of Manned Bombers in the Strategic Air Command, 6084.
  12. ^ "Niagara Falls Air Force Units Are Phased Out" (Google news archive). Observer-Reporter. October 28, 1969. Retrieved September 3, 2013.
  13. ^ . Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  14. ^ . Archived from the original on May 15, 2016.
  15. ^ "Base-Closing Plan Survives Assaults by Some on Hill". CQ Press. CQ Almanac 1989, 45th ed. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly. pp. 470–73.
  16. ^ a b c d (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 28, 2019. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
  17. ^ Cassata, Donna (April 25, 1990). "34 military bases may face the ax". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. Spartanburg, S.C. p. A3.
  18. ^ "Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission - 1993 Report to the President" (PDF). United States Department of Defense. July 1, 1993. Retrieved October 23, 2007.
  19. ^ 1995 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission Report to the President (Report).
  20. ^ See Joint Base Background (part 4 of the Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam webpage)[permanent dead link] (on Hickam AFB's official website). Retrieved 2010-06-18. To access other parts of the webpage, go to the bottom of the right scroll bar and click on the down arrow (or the "page-down" double arrow). To go to earlier parts of the webpage, click on the up arrow (or the "page-up" double arrow). See Hickam Air Force Base#Internet webpage for a partial list of the webpage parts that discuss joint basing and BRAC.
  21. ^ BRAC panel calls closure round premature - News December 2, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. GovExec.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.
  22. ^ Military Headlines. Military.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.
  23. ^ U.S. House committee rejects more military base closings. NOLA.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.
  24. ^ Pub. L. 113–66 (text) (PDF): National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 (Sec. 2711; page 334; 127 Stat. 1004)
  25. ^ Jordan, Bryant (May 7, 2014). "House Panel Protects A-10, Pulls BRAC from Budget". Military.com. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  26. ^ Marshall, Jr., Tyrone. "Senior DoD Official Testifies on Budget, BRAC". U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved April 22, 2015.
  27. ^ Anthony J. Principi (September 3, 2015). "Time for a new BRAC". The Hill. Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. Retrieved September 5, 2015.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
  • "Collection: Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission" at the UNT Digital Library

December 23, 2023
base, realignment, closure, redirects, here, post, wwii, federal, property, administrative, services, 1949, brac, process, united, states, federal, government, commission, increase, efficiency, united, states, department, defense, coordinating, realignment, cl. Base Realignment and Closure Act redirects here For the post WWII act see Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 Base Realignment and Closure BRAC 1 2 was a process 3 by a United States federal government commission 4 to increase the efficiency of the United States Department of Defense by coordinating the realignment and closure of military installations following the end of the Cold War Over 350 installations were been closed in five BRAC rounds 1988 1991 1993 1995 and 2005 These five BRAC rounds constitute a combined savings of 12 billion annually 5 Contents 1 Background 2 Law 3 Commissions 3 1 1988 3 2 1990 3 3 1991 3 4 1993 3 5 1995 3 6 2005 3 7 2015 4 Appropriations 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksBackground editThe Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 passed after the 1947 reorganization of the National Military Establishment reduced the number of US military bases forts posts and stations The subsequent 1950s buildup for the Cold War e g during the Korean War resulted in large numbers of new installations such as the Permanent System radar stations and Semi Automatic Ground Environment SAGE control centers By 1959 plans for even larger numbers of Cold War installations were canceled e g DoD s June 19 1959 Continental Air Defense Program reduced the number of Super Combat Center underground nuclear bunkers to 7 In 1958 US Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles ICBMs began to replace Strategic Air Command bombers From 1960 1964 the Eisenhower and Kennedy Administrations closed 574 U S military bases around the world particularly after President John F Kennedy was briefed after his inauguration that the missile gap was not a concern 6 1961 closures On March 28 1961 President Kennedy announced the closure of 73 military establishments 7 8 1964 closures In December 1963 Secretary McNamara announced the closure of twenty six DOD installations or activities in the CONUS 9 134 1965 closures Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara announced 95 base closures realignments in November 1964 80 in the United States 33 states amp DC and 15 overseas 6 Closures included the Brooklyn Navy Yard the Brooklyn Army Terminal the Springfield Armory six bomber bases and 15 Air Defense Command radar stations a realignment transferred Highlands Air Force Station to the adjacent Highlands Army Air Defense Site 6 1968 Project 693 Project 693 10 was established by Defense Secretary Clark Clifford during the Vietnam War for reducing programs and personnel and the project also closed several military installations 11 1969 realignments The DoD realigned 307 military bases beginning with an announcement in October 1969 12 1973 closures 224 closures were announced in 1973 13 14 1974 Project Concise Project Concise eliminated most of the Project Nike missile locations which generally each had two sites a radar station on an elevated landform for guidance and command control and a launch area that had launch rails and stored missiles and warheads A 1976 follow on program to Concise closed additional installations 1983 Grace Commission The Grace Commission was President Ronald Reagan s Private Sector Survey on cost control that concluded that savings could be made in the military base structure and recommended establishing an independent commission to study the issue Public Law 100 526 endorsed the review in October 1988 and authorized the special commission to recommend base realignments and closures to the Secretary of Defense and provided relief from NEPA provisions that had hindered the base closure process 9 156 1988 Carlucci Commission On May 3 1988 the Carlucci Commission was chartered by Secretary of Defense Frank C Carlucci 9 156 which in December 1988 recommended closing five Air Force bases Chanute Air Force Base in Illinois George Air Force Base Mather Air Force Base and Norton Air Force Base in California and Pease Air Force Base in New Hampshire 9 161 Law editThe Defense Base Realignment and Closure Act of 1990 provided the basic framework for the transfer and disposal of military installations closed during the base realignment and closure BRAC process 3 The process was created in 1988 to reduce pork barrel politics with members of Congress that arise when facilities face activity reductions 15 The most recent process began May 13 2005 when Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld forwarded his recommendations for realignments and closures to the Base Realignment and Closure BRAC Commission The BRAC is an independent nine member panel appointed by the President This panel evaluated the list by taking testimony from interested parties and visiting affected bases The BRAC Commission had the opportunity to add bases to the list and did so in a July 19 2005 hearing The Commission met its deadline of September 2005 to provide the evaluated list to the President who approved the list with the condition that it could only be approved or disapproved in its entirety On November 7 2005 the approved list was then given to Congress who had the opportunity to disapprove the entire list within 45 days by enacting a resolution of disapproval This did not happen and the BRAC Commission s recommendations became final Commissions edit1988 edit The 1988 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included 16 Alabama Army Ammunition Plant Army Materials Technology Laboratory Army Reserve Center Gaithersburg Bennett Army National Guard Facility Cameron Station Cape St George Chanute Air Force Base Coosa River Storage Annex Defense Mapping Agency site Herndon Virginia Former Nike Site at the Aberdeen Proving Ground Fort Bliss Realign Fort Des Moines Fort Detrick Realign Fort Dix Realign as Joint Base McGuire Dix Lakehurst Fort Douglas Fort Holabird Fort Meade Realign Fort Monmouth Fort Sheridan Fort Wingate Ammunition Storage Depot Fort Wingate George Air Force Base Hamilton Army Airfield Indiana Army Ammunition Plant Irwin Support Detachment Annex Jefferson Proving Ground Kapalama Military Reservation Phase III Lexington Army Depot Lexington Bluegrass Army Depot Mather Air Force Base Navajo Depot Activity Turned over to the Arizona Army National Guard Naval Hospital Philadelphia Naval Reserve Center Coconut Grove Naval Station Galveston Naval Station Lake Charles Naval Station New York Naval Station Puget Sound Naval Station San Francisco Realign New Orleans Military Ocean Terminal Nike Washington Baltimore Norton Air Force Base Pease Air Force Base Realign as Pease Air National Guard Base Pontiac Storage Facility Presidio of San Francisco Pueblo Army Depot Realign Salton Sea Test Base St Louis Area Support Center Wherry housing Tacony Warehouse Umatilla Army Depot Realign 1990 edit In 1990 the Navy considered cutting 34 military installations 17 1991 edit The 1991 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included 16 Beale Air Force Base Realign Bergstrom Air Force Base Carswell Air Force Base Turned over to the United States Navy Reserve and realign as Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth Castle Air Force Base Eaker Air Force Base England Air Force Base Fleet Combat Direction Systems Support Activity San Diego Realign Fort Benjamin Harrison Fort Chaffee Turned over to the Arkansas Army National Guard Fort Devens Turned over to United States Army Reserve realign as Devens Reserve Forces Training Area Fort Ord Fort Rucker Realigned Grissom Air Force Base Realign as Grissom Air Reserve Base Hunters Point Annex Integrated Combat Systems Test Facility San Diego Letterman Army Institute of Research Disestablish Loring Air Force Base Lowry Air Force Base Marine Corps Air Station Tustin Myrtle Beach Air Force Base Naval Air Station Chase Field Naval Air Station Moffett Field Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster Naval Electronic Systems Engineering Center San Diego Naval Electronic Systems Engineering Center Vallejo Naval Electronic Systems Engineering Center Naval Space Systems Activity Los Angeles Naval Station Long Beach Naval Station Philadelphia Naval Station Puget Sound Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake Realign Naval Air Station Point Mugu Philadelphia Naval Yard Presidio of Monterey Richards Gebaur Air Force Base Rickenbacker Air Force Base Portion realigned as Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base Sacramento Army Depot Williams Air Force Base Wurtsmith Air Force Base 1993 edit The 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included 16 18 Anniston Army Depot Realign Camp Evans Fort Wingate Griffiss Air Force Base Homestead Air Force Base Realign as Homestead Air Reserve Base K I Sawyer Air Force Base March Air Force Base Realign as March Air Reserve Base Mare Island Naval Shipyard Marine Corps Air Station El Toro Naval Air Station Agana Naval Air Station Alameda Naval Air Station Barbers Point Naval Air Station Cecil Field Naval Air Station Dallas Realign as Grand Prairie Armed Forces Reserve Complex Naval Air Station Glenview Naval Air Warfare Center Trenton Naval Aviation Depot Alameda Naval Aviation Depot Norfolk Naval Aviation Depot Pensacola Naval Electronic Systems Engineering Center Saint Inigoes Naval Hospital Charleston Naval Hospital Oakland Naval Hospital Orlando Naval Reserve Center Gadsden Naval Reserve Center Montgomery Naval Station Argentia Naval Station Charleston Naval Station Mobile Naval Station Staten Island Naval Station Treasure Island Naval Supply Center Oakland Naval Training Center Orlando Naval Training Center San Diego Newark Air Force Base O Hare Air Reserve Station Plattsburgh Air Force Base Vint Hill Farms Station Williams Air Force Base 1995 edit The 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission included 16 19 Camp Bonneville Castle Air Force Base Fitzsimons Army Medical Center Fort Chaffee Turned over to the Arkansas National Guard Fort Greely Realign Fort Indiantown Gap Turned over to the Pennsylvania National Guard Fort McClellan Fort Pickett Turned over to the Virginia National Guard Fort Ritchie Kelly Air Force Base realigned as Kelly Field Letterkenny Army Depot McClellan Air Force Base Military Ocean Terminal at Bayonne Naval Air Facility Adak Naval Air Station South Weymouth Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division Warminster Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division Indianapolis Naval Reserve Center Fayetteville Naval Reserve Center Fort Smith Naval Reserve Center Huntsville Naval Shipyard Long Beach Naval Supply Center Oakland Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division Oakland Army Base Ontario Air National Guard Station Red River Army Depot Reese Air Force Base Roslyn Air National Guard Station Savanna Army Depot Activity Seneca Army Depot Ship Repair Facility Guam Sierra Army Depot Realign Stratford Army Engine Plant 2005 edit The Pentagon released its proposed list for the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission on May 13 2005 a date given the moniker BRAC Friday a pun on Black Friday After an extensive series of public hearings analysis of DoD supplied supporting data and solicitation of comments from the public the list of recommendations was revised by the 9 member Defense Base Closure and Realignments Commission in two days of public markups and votes on individual recommendations the proceedings were broadcast by C SPAN and are available for review on the network s website The Commission submitted its revised list to the President on September 8 2005 The President approved the list and notified Congress on September 15 The House of Representatives took up a joint resolution to disapprove the recommendations on October 26 but the resolution failed to pass The recommendations were thereby enacted The Secretary of Defense must implement the recommendations no later than September 15 2011 Major facilities slated for closure included Brooks Air Force Base Texas renamed Brooks City Base after San Antonio assumed control Defense Finance and Accounting Service New York removed from list 2005 Ellsworth Air Force Base South Dakota removed from list August 26 2005 Fort Gillem Georgia Fort McPherson Georgia Fort Monmouth New Jersey Fort Monroe Virginia Naval Air Station Brunswick Maine Naval Air Station Willow Grove Joint Reserve Base Pennsylvania Naval Station Ingleside Texas Naval Station Pascagoula Mississippi Naval Submarine Base New London Connecticut removed from list August 24 2005 Navy Supply Corps School Otis Air National Guard Base Massachusetts removed from list August 26 2005 Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Kittery Maine removed from list August 26 2005 Major facilities slated for realignment include Army Human Resource Command HRC Missouri moving to the Fort Knox Military Installation in Kentucky Cannon Air Force Base New Mexico Eielson Air Force Base Alaska Elmendorf Air Force Base Alaska Fort Belvoir Virginia Fort Meade Maryland Fort Rucker Alabama Aviation Technical Test Center moving to the Redstone Arsenal Alabama and combining with the Redstone Technical Test Center to form Redstone Test Center Grand Forks Air Force Base North Dakota Naval Air Station Oceana Virginia extent contingent on reopening the former Naval Air Station Cecil Field in Florida Naval Station Great Lakes Illinois Pope Air Force Base North Carolina Transferred to U S Army as Pope Army Airfield and merged with Fort Bragg Rome Laboratory New York Walter Reed Army Medical Center Washington D C Twenty six bases were realigned into 12 joint bases with each joint base s installation support being led by the Army the Air Force or the Navy 20 An example is Joint Base Lewis McChord Washington combining Fort Lewis and McChord Air Force Base 2015 edit The 2005 Commission recommended that Congress authorize another BRAC round in 2015 and every eight years thereafter 21 On May 10 2012 the House Armed Services Committee rejected Pentagon calls for base closures outside of a 2015 round by a 44 to 18 vote 22 Defense Secretary Leon Panetta had called for two rounds of base closures while at the same time arguing that the alternative of the sequester would be a meat ax approach to cuts which would hollow out military forces 23 The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 specifically prohibits authorization of future BRAC rounds 24 In May 2014 it was attempted to fund another round of BRAC although funding was not approved in a vote in May of that year 25 In March 2015 the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy Installations and Environment addressed the possibility of a future BRAC indicating that the DOD Defense Secretary Ash Carter was requesting authority to conduct another BRAC 26 In September 2015 at the tenth anniversary of the end of the most recent BRAC commission report its former chairman Anthony J Principi wrote Now is the time to do what s right for our men and women in uniform Spending dollars on infrastructure that does not serve their needs is inexcusable 27 Appropriations editThis section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information June 2017 The following is a chronological timeline of authorizations for U S Congressional legislation related to US defense installation realignments and military base closures Date of Enactment Public Law Number U S Statute Citation U S Legislative Bill U S Presidential AdministrationOctober 24 1988 P L 100 526 102 Stat 2623 S 2749 Ronald W ReaganNovember 5 1990 P L 101 510 104 Stat 1485 H R 4739 George H W BushOctober 3 1995 P L 104 32 109 Stat 283 H R 1817 William J ClintonSeptember 16 1996 P L 104 196 110 Stat 2385 H R 3517 William J ClintonSeptember 30 1997 P L 105 45 111 Stat 1142 H R 2016 William J ClintonSeptember 20 1998 P L 105 237 112 Stat 1553 H R 4059 William J ClintonAugust 17 1999 P L 106 52 113 Stat 259 H R 2465 William J ClintonJuly 13 2000 P L 106 246 114 Stat 511 H R 4425 William J ClintonNovember 5 2001 P L 107 64 115 Stat 474 H R 2904 George W BushOctober 23 2002 P L 107 249 116 Stat 1578 H R 5011 George W BushNovember 22 2003 P L 108 132 117 Stat 1374 H R 2559 George W BushOctober 13 2004 P L 108 324 118 Stat 1220 H R 4837 George W Bush2005 P L H R 4302 George W BushSee also edit nbsp United States portal nbsp Politics portalJoint bases of the United States military Loss of Strength Gradient Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in EuropeReferences edit Base Realignment and Closure 2005 U S Department of Defense Archived from the original on May 15 2005 Retrieved May 15 2005 Explore Congressional Research Service Reports List View UNT Digital Library Digital library unt edu Retrieved March 30 2016 a b Flynn Aaron M February 23 2005 Base Realignment and Closure BRAC Property Transfer and Disposal abstract at University of Texas Digital Library Congressional Research Service Reports Retrieved October 12 2011 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission BRAC Brac gov Archived from the original on April 5 2016 Retrieved March 30 2016 Base Closure and Realignment BRAC Background and Issues for Congress PDF Congressional Research Service April 25 2019 p 7 Retrieved March 21 2020 a b c Highlands Radar Site Closing PDF The Daily Register Red Bank New Jersey November 20 1964 Archived from the original PDF on April 25 2012 Retrieved October 12 2011 McNamara Firm on Base Shutdowns Temporary Team Highlands Air Force Station personnel will be inactivated by July 1966 leaving Army radar unit at base intact The Lewiston Daily Sun Google News Archive Search News google com Retrieved March 30 2016 99 Special Message to the Congress on the Defense Budget March 28 1961 The American Presidency Project Archived from the original on September 21 2013 Retrieved October 9 2018 a b c d Shaw Frederick J ed 2004 Locating Air Force Base Sites History s Legacy Report Vol AFD 100928 010 Air Force History and Museums Program The passage in October 1988 of Public Law 100 526 removed certain restrictive provisions of the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act NEPA and allowed the first round of domestic base closings in nearly a decade Defense Agencies Summary DoD Project 693 nd fldr FY 1969 Budget box 71 ASD C files OSD Hist Drea Edward J 1984 McNamara Clifford and the Burdens of Vietnam 1965 1969 PDF Report Vol VI Secretaries of Defense Historical Series Historical Office Office of the Secretary of Defense ISBN 978 0 16 088135 0 Archived from the original PDF on October 29 2013 Retrieved August 30 2013 the U S Air Force Strategic Air Command denominated a specified command because although part of the Air Force it came under the operational control of the JCS 24 Clifford had appointed a group known as Project 693 to determine which programs to sacrifice when necessary 65 McNamara test January 25 66 House Subcte No 2 HCAS Hearing Department of Defense Decision to Reduce the Number and Types of Manned Bombers in the Strategic Air Command 6084 Niagara Falls Air Force Units Are Phased Out Google news archive Observer Reporter October 28 1969 Retrieved September 3 2013 Kentucky New Era Archived from the original on December 22 2015 Retrieved June 16 2015 Lodi News Sentinel Archived from the original on May 15 2016 Base Closing Plan Survives Assaults by Some on Hill CQ Press CQ Almanac 1989 45th ed Washington D C Congressional Quarterly pp 470 73 a b c d BASE CLOSURES AND REALIGNMENTS BY STATE 1995 1993 1991 AND 1988 PDF Archived from the original PDF on May 28 2019 Retrieved June 21 2015 Cassata Donna April 25 1990 34 military bases may face the ax Spartanburg Herald Journal Spartanburg S C p A3 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission 1993 Report to the President PDF United States Department of Defense July 1 1993 Retrieved October 23 2007 1995 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission Report to the President Report See Joint Base Background part 4 of the Joint Base Pearl Harbor Hickam webpage permanent dead link on Hickam AFB s official website Retrieved 2010 06 18 To access other parts of the webpage go to the bottom of the right scroll bar and click on the down arrow or the page down double arrow To go to earlier parts of the webpage click on the up arrow or the page up double arrow See Hickam Air Force Base Internet webpage for a partial list of the webpage parts that discuss joint basing and BRAC BRAC panel calls closure round premature News Archived December 2 2008 at the Wayback Machine GovExec com Retrieved on 2013 07 21 Military Headlines Military com Retrieved on 2013 07 21 U S House committee rejects more military base closings NOLA com Retrieved on 2013 07 21 Pub L 113 66 text PDF National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 Sec 2711 page 334 127 Stat 1004 Jordan Bryant May 7 2014 House Panel Protects A 10 Pulls BRAC from Budget Military com Retrieved May 8 2014 Marshall Jr Tyrone Senior DoD Official Testifies on Budget BRAC U S Department of Defense Retrieved April 22 2015 Anthony J Principi September 3 2015 Time for a new BRAC The Hill Capitol Hill Publishing Corp a subsidiary of News Communications Inc Retrieved September 5 2015 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission Collection Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission at the UNT Digital Library Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Base Realignment and Closure amp oldid 1189467871, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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