Baraita (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בָּרַיְתָא, romanized: bārayṯā "external" or "outside"; pl. bārayāṯā or in Hebrew baraitot; also baraitha, beraita; Ashkenazi pronunciation: berayse) designates a tradition in the Oral Torah of Rabbinical Judaism that is not incorporated in the Mishnah. Baraita thus refers to teachings "outside" of the six orders of the Mishnah. Originally, "Baraita" probably referred to teachings from schools outside the main Mishnaic-era yeshivas – although in later collections, individual barayata are often authored by sages of the Mishna (Tannaim).
According to Maimonides' Introduction to Mishneh Torah, the barayata were compiled by Hoshaiah Rabbah and Bar Kappara, although no other compilation was passed down that was similar to the Tosefta.[1]
Because the Mishnah encapsulates the entire Oral Law in a purposely compact form (designed to both facilitate and necessitate oral transmission), many variant versions, additional explanations, clarifications and rulings were not included in the Mishnah. These were later compiled in works called barayata, often in the form of a list of teachings by one sage. Barayata can thus also designate collections of such traditions. The main collections of barayata are the Tosefta and the Halakhic Midrashim (Mekhilta, Sifra and Sifre).
The authority of the barayata is somewhat less than that of the Mishnah. Nevertheless, these works are the basic "proof-text" cross-referenced by the Talmudic sages in their analysis and interpretation of the Mishna; see Gemara. Here, a teaching from the baraita is usually introduced by the Aramaic word tanya "It was orally taught" or by tanu rabanan "Our Rabbis have orally taught", whereas tnan "We have orally taught" introduces quotations from the Mishnah. Anonymous barayata are often attributed to particular tannaim by the Talmud. In the Jerusalem Talmud, references to the baraita are less common.
The style of the baraita is basically indistinguishable from that of the Mishna, but some come closer to Mishnaic idiom than others. For example, the second chapter of Kallah Rabbathi, a baraita compilation, is often appended to Pirkei Avot, as both are similar in style and content.
Brief General Introduction to the Babylonian Talmud
April 27, 2024
baraita, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, march, 2013, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, jewish, ba. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Baraita Jewish Babylonian Aramaic ב ר י ת א romanized barayṯa external or outside pl barayaṯa or in Hebrew baraitot also baraitha beraita Ashkenazi pronunciation berayse designates a tradition in the Oral Torah of Rabbinical Judaism that is not incorporated in the Mishnah Baraita thus refers to teachings outside of the six orders of the Mishnah Originally Baraita probably referred to teachings from schools outside the main Mishnaic era yeshivas although in later collections individual barayata are often authored by sages of the Mishna Tannaim According to Maimonides Introduction to Mishneh Torah the barayata were compiled by Hoshaiah Rabbah and Bar Kappara although no other compilation was passed down that was similar to the Tosefta 1 Because the Mishnah encapsulates the entire Oral Law in a purposely compact form designed to both facilitate and necessitate oral transmission many variant versions additional explanations clarifications and rulings were not included in the Mishnah These were later compiled in works called barayata often in the form of a list of teachings by one sage Barayata can thus also designate collections of such traditions The main collections of barayata are the Tosefta and the Halakhic Midrashim Mekhilta Sifra and Sifre The authority of the barayata is somewhat less than that of the Mishnah Nevertheless these works are the basic proof text cross referenced by the Talmudic sages in their analysis and interpretation of the Mishna see Gemara Here a teaching from the baraita is usually introduced by the Aramaic word tanya It was orally taught or by tanu rabanan Our Rabbis have orally taught whereas tnan We have orally taught introduces quotations from the Mishnah Anonymous barayata are often attributed to particular tannaim by the Talmud In the Jerusalem Talmud references to the baraita are less common The style of the baraita is basically indistinguishable from that of the Mishna but some come closer to Mishnaic idiom than others For example the second chapter of Kallah Rabbathi a baraita compilation is often appended to Pirkei Avot as both are similar in style and content See also editGemara Midrash TalmudReferences edit Maimonides verse 18 Introduction to Mishneh Torah sefaria org Retrieved 2019 09 22 Baraita jewishencyclopedia com Maimonides Introduction to the Mishneh Torah English translation Tosefta and Baraita Hebrew Maimonides Introduction to the Commentary on the Mishna The Oral Tradition by Aryeh KaplanExternal links editBrief General Introduction to the Babylonian Talmud Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Baraita amp oldid 1198267199, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
