The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) or Prokaryotic Code, formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC), governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea.[1][2] It denotes the rules for naming taxa of bacteria, according to their relative rank. As such it is one of the nomenclature codes of biology.
Originally the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature dealt with bacteria, and this kept references to bacteria until these were eliminated at the 1975 International Botanical Congress. An early Code for the nomenclature of bacteria was approved at the 4th International Congress for Microbiology in 1947, but was later discarded.
The baseline for bacterial names is the Approved Lists[4] with a starting point of 1980. New bacterial names are reviewed by the ICSP as being in conformity with the Rules of Nomenclature and published in the IJSEM.
Since 1975, most bacteria were covered under the bacteriological code. However, cyanobacteria were still covered by the botanical code. Starting in 1999, cyanobacteria were covered by both the botanical and bacteriological codes. This situation has caused nomenclatural problems for the cyanobacteria.[5][6] By 2020, there were three proposals for how to resolve the situation:
Exclude cyanobacteria from the bacteriological code.[7]
Apply the bacteriological code to all cyanobacteria.[8]
Treat valid publication under the botanical code as valid publication under the bacteriological code.[9]
In 2021, the ICSP held a formal vote on the three proposals and the third option was chosen.[10]
Since 2001, when a new bacterial or archaeal species is described, a type strain must be designated.[11] The type strain is a living culture to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. For a new species name to be validly published, the type strain must be deposited in a public culture collection in at least two different countries.[12] Before 2001, a species could also be typified using a description, a preserved specimen, or an illustration.[11] There is a single type strain for each prokaryotic species, but different culture collections may designate a unique name for the same strain. For example, the type strain of E. coli (originally strain U5/41) is called ATCC 11775 by the American Type Culture Collection, DSM 30083 by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, JCM 1649 by the Japan Collection of Microorganisms, and LMG 2092 by the Belgian Coordinated Collections of Microorganisms.[13][14] When a prokaryotic species cannot be cultivated in the laboratory (and therefore cannot be deposited in a culture collection), it may be given a provisional candidatus name, but is not considered validly published.[15]
Versionsedit
Buchanan, R. E., and Ralph St. John-Brooks. (1947, June) (Editors). Proposed Bacteriological Code of Nomenclature. Developed from proposals approved by International Committee on Bacteriological Nomenclature at the Meeting of the Third International Congress for Microbiology. Publication authorized in Plenary Session, pp. 61. Iowa State College Press, Ames, Iowa. U.S.A. Hathi Trust.
Buchanan R. E., St , John-Brooks R., Breed R. S. (1948). "International bacteriological code of nomenclature". Journal of Bacteriology. 55 (3): 287–306. doi:10.1128/jb.55.3.287-306.1948. PMC518444. PMID 16561459.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Reprinted 1949, Journal of General Microbiology 3, 444–462.
International Committee on Bacteriological Nomenclature. (1958, June). International code of nomenclature of bacteria and viruses. Ames, Iowa State College Press. BHL.
Lapage, S.P., Sneath, P.H.A., Lessel, E.F., Skerman, V.B.D., Seeliger, H.P.R. & Clark, W.A. (1975). International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. 1975 Revision. American Society of Microbiology, Washington, D.C
Lapage, S.P., Sneath, P.H.A., Lessel, E.F., Skerman, V.B.D., Seeliger, H.P.R. & Clark, W.A. (1992). International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Bacteriological Code. 1990 Revision. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. link.
Parker, C.T., Tindall, B.J. & Garrity, G.M., eds. (2019). International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic Code (2008 Revision). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 69(1A): S1–S111. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000778
Oren, Aharon; Arahal, David R.; Göker, Markus; Moore, Edward R. B.; Rossello-Mora, Ramon; Sutcliffe, Iain C. (1 May 2023). "International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic Code (2022 Revision)". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 73 (5a). doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005585. hdl:10261/338243.
^ abP. H. A. Sneath, 2003. A short history of the Bacteriological Code URL 2012-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
^Lapage, S. P.; Sneath, P. H. A.; Lessel, E. F.; Skerman, V. B. D.; Seeliger, H. P. R.; Clark, W. A. (March 5, 1992). "Rules of Nomenclature with Recommendations". ASM Press – via ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
^VBD Skerman, Vicki McGowan, and PHA Sneath, 1989. Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, Amended edition Washington (DC): ASM Press
^Oren, A. (2011). "Cyanobacterial systematics and nomenclature as featured in the International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy / International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology / International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology" (PDF). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (1): 10–15. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.018838-0. PMID 21097637.
^Oren A, Ventura S. (2017). "The current status of cyanobacterial nomenclature under the "prokaryotic" and the "botanical" code". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 110 (10): 1257–1269. doi:10.1007/s10482-017-0848-0. PMID 28243951. S2CID 23489558.
^Oren A, Garrity GM. (2014). "Proposal to change General Consideration 5 and Principle 2 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 64 (1): 309–10. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.059568-0. PMID 24408952.
^Pinevich AV. (2015). "Proposal to consistently apply the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) to names of the oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria), including those validly published under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)/International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN), and proposal to change Principle 2 of the ICNP". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 65 (3): 1070–4. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.000034. PMID 25505344.
^Oren A. (2020). "Three alternative proposals to emend the Rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to resolve the status of the Cyanobacteria in the prokaryotic nomenclature". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 70 (7): 4406–4408. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004268. PMID 32602831. S2CID 220270571.
^Oren A, Arahal DR, Rosselló-Móra R, Sutcliffe IC, Moore ERB. (2021). "Emendation of General Consideration 5 and Rules 18a, 24a and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to resolve the status of the Cyanobacteria in the prokaryotic nomenclature". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 71 (8): 004939. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004939. PMID 34342563. S2CID 236884663.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Online
Tindall BJ (July 1999). "Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49 (3): 1313–6. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1313. PMID 10425796.
List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature
Search of Prokaryotic Nomenclature provided by NamesforLife
February 16, 2024
international, code, nomenclature, prokaryotes, icnp, prokaryotic, code, formerly, international, code, nomenclature, bacteria, icnb, bacteriological, code, governs, scientific, names, bacteria, archaea, denotes, rules, naming, taxa, bacteria, according, their. The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes ICNP or Prokaryotic Code formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria ICNB or Bacteriological Code BC governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea 1 2 It denotes the rules for naming taxa of bacteria according to their relative rank As such it is one of the nomenclature codes of biology Originally the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature dealt with bacteria and this kept references to bacteria until these were eliminated at the 1975 International Botanical Congress An early Code for the nomenclature of bacteria was approved at the 4th International Congress for Microbiology in 1947 but was later discarded The latest version to be printed in book form is the 1990 Revision 3 but the book does not represent the current rules The 2008 and 2022 Revisions have been published in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology IJSEM 2 Rules are maintained by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes ICSP formerly the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology ICSB The baseline for bacterial names is the Approved Lists 4 with a starting point of 1980 New bacterial names are reviewed by the ICSP as being in conformity with the Rules of Nomenclature and published in the IJSEM Contents 1 Cyanobacteria 2 Type strain 3 Versions 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksCyanobacteria editSince 1975 most bacteria were covered under the bacteriological code However cyanobacteria were still covered by the botanical code Starting in 1999 cyanobacteria were covered by both the botanical and bacteriological codes This situation has caused nomenclatural problems for the cyanobacteria 5 6 By 2020 there were three proposals for how to resolve the situation Exclude cyanobacteria from the bacteriological code 7 Apply the bacteriological code to all cyanobacteria 8 Treat valid publication under the botanical code as valid publication under the bacteriological code 9 In 2021 the ICSP held a formal vote on the three proposals and the third option was chosen 10 Type strain editMain article Type biology Since 2001 when a new bacterial or archaeal species is described a type strain must be designated 11 The type strain is a living culture to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached For a new species name to be validly published the type strain must be deposited in a public culture collection in at least two different countries 12 Before 2001 a species could also be typified using a description a preserved specimen or an illustration 11 There is a single type strain for each prokaryotic species but different culture collections may designate a unique name for the same strain For example the type strain of E coli originally strain U5 41 is called ATCC 11775 by the American Type Culture Collection DSM 30083 by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures JCM 1649 by the Japan Collection of Microorganisms and LMG 2092 by the Belgian Coordinated Collections of Microorganisms 13 14 When a prokaryotic species cannot be cultivated in the laboratory and therefore cannot be deposited in a culture collection it may be given a provisional candidatus name but is not considered validly published 15 Versions editBuchanan R E and Ralph St John Brooks 1947 June Editors Proposed Bacteriological Code of Nomenclature Developed from proposals approved by International Committee on Bacteriological Nomenclature at the Meeting of the Third International Congress for Microbiology Publication authorized in Plenary Session pp 61 Iowa State College Press Ames Iowa U S A Hathi Trust Buchanan R E St John Brooks R Breed R S 1948 International bacteriological code of nomenclature Journal of Bacteriology 55 3 287 306 doi 10 1128 jb 55 3 287 306 1948 PMC 518444 PMID 16561459 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Reprinted 1949 Journal of General Microbiology 3 444 462 International Committee on Bacteriological Nomenclature 1958 June International code of nomenclature of bacteria and viruses Ames Iowa State College Press BHL Lapage S P Sneath P H A Lessel E F Skerman V B D Seeliger H P R amp Clark W A 1975 International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria 1975 Revision American Society of Microbiology Washington D C Lapage S P Sneath P H A Lessel E F Skerman V B D Seeliger H P R amp Clark W A 1992 International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria Bacteriological Code 1990 Revision American Society for Microbiology Washington D C link Parker C T Tindall B J amp Garrity G M eds 2019 International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Prokaryotic Code 2008 Revision International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 69 1A S1 S111 doi 10 1099 ijsem 0 000778 Oren Aharon Arahal David R Goker Markus Moore Edward R B Rossello Mora Ramon Sutcliffe Iain C 1 May 2023 International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Prokaryotic Code 2022 Revision International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 73 5a doi 10 1099 ijsem 0 005585 hdl 10261 338243 See also editGlossary of scientific naming International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Microbiology Society Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data separate systemReferences edit Home the icsp org a b P H A Sneath 2003 A short history of the Bacteriological Code URL Archived 2012 05 24 at the Wayback Machine Lapage S P Sneath P H A Lessel E F Skerman V B D Seeliger H P R Clark W A March 5 1992 Rules of Nomenclature with Recommendations ASM Press via ncbi nlm nih gov VBD Skerman Vicki McGowan and PHA Sneath 1989 Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition Washington DC ASM Press Oren A 2011 Cyanobacterial systematics and nomenclature as featured in the International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology PDF International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61 1 10 15 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 018838 0 PMID 21097637 Oren A Ventura S 2017 The current status of cyanobacterial nomenclature under the prokaryotic and the botanical code Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 110 10 1257 1269 doi 10 1007 s10482 017 0848 0 PMID 28243951 S2CID 23489558 Oren A Garrity GM 2014 Proposal to change General Consideration 5 and Principle 2 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 64 1 309 10 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 059568 0 PMID 24408952 Pinevich AV 2015 Proposal to consistently apply the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes ICNP to names of the oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria cyanobacteria including those validly published under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature ICBN International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants ICN and proposal to change Principle 2 of the ICNP Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 65 3 1070 4 doi 10 1099 ijs 0 000034 PMID 25505344 Oren A 2020 Three alternative proposals to emend the Rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to resolve the status of the Cyanobacteria in the prokaryotic nomenclature Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 70 7 4406 4408 doi 10 1099 ijsem 0 004268 PMID 32602831 S2CID 220270571 Oren A Arahal DR Rossello Mora R Sutcliffe IC Moore ERB 2021 Emendation of General Consideration 5 and Rules 18a 24a and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to resolve the status of the Cyanobacteria in the prokaryotic nomenclature International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 71 8 004939 doi 10 1099 ijsem 0 004939 PMID 34342563 S2CID 236884663 a b Prokaryotic Code 2008 Revision Rule 18a Prokaryotic Code 2008 Revision Rule 30 Euzeby JP Parte AC Escherichia coli List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN Retrieved June 21 2022 Reimer LC Sarda Carbasse J Koblitz J Ebeling C Podstawka A Overmann J Escherichia coli U5 41 BacDive Retrieved June 21 2022 Prokaryotic Code 2008 Revision Appendix 11 External links editInternational Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Online Tindall BJ July 1999 Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code Int J Syst Bacteriol 49 3 1313 6 doi 10 1099 00207713 49 3 1313 PMID 10425796 List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature Search of Prokaryotic Nomenclature provided by NamesforLife Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes amp oldid 1195391297, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
